{"id":928,"date":"2026-03-12T09:28:05","date_gmt":"2026-03-12T09:28:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/accelerating-science-in-china\/?p=928"},"modified":"2026-04-30T06:37:20","modified_gmt":"2026-04-30T06:37:20","slug":"what-is-cryo-em-what-is-cryo-electron-microscopy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.cn\/blog\/what-is-cryo-em-what-is-cryo-electron-microscopy\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u51b7\u51bb\u7535\u955c\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u51b7\u51bb\u7535\u5b50\u663e\u5fae\u955c<\/a> (cryo-EM) \u6307\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7528\u4e8e\u5206\u6790\u5728\u4e13\u95e8\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u900f\u5c04\u7535\u5b50\u663e\u5fae\u955c\uff08cryo-TEMs\uff09\u4e2d\u4f4e\u6e29\u51b7\u51bb\u6837\u54c1\u7684\u6280\u672f\u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6539\u8fdb\u7684\u6837\u54c1\u5236\u5907\u5de5\u5177\u3001\u63a2\u6d4b\u5668\u4ee5\u53ca\u5206\u6790\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7b97\u6cd5\u7b49\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ee5\u539f\u5b50\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u786e\u5b9a\u4e09\u7ef4\u51b7\u51bb\u7535\u955c\u7ed3\u6784\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"Single
\u5355\u9897\u7c92\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u51b7\u51bb\u7535\u955c\u6280\u672f\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u51b7\u51bb\u7535\u955c\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\uff1f<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u5f53\u6837\u54c1\u88ab\u5feb\u901f\u51b7\u51bb\uff08\u73bb\u7483\u5316\uff09\u65f6\uff0c\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f62\u6210\u6676\u4f53\u51b0\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u53d8\u6210\u65e0\u5b9a\u5f62\u56fa\u4f53\u3002\u8fd9\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u51b7\u51bb\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5bf9\u654f\u611f\u751f\u7269\u6837\u54c1\u9020\u6210\u7684\u635f\u4f24\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u201c\u6355\u6349\u201d\u5230\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u6807\u672c\u7684\u5feb\u7167\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u603b\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u51b7\u51bb\u7535\u955c\u6280\u672f<\/a>\u7136\u540e\u4ee5\u9ad8\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u4ece\u4e0d\u540c\u89d2\u5ea6\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6837\u54c1\u8fdb\u884c\u6210\u50cf\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5feb\u7167\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u91cd\u7ec4\u4e3a\u4e09\u7ef4\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u51b7\u51bb\u7535\u955c\u80fd\u591f\u89e3\u6790\u5177\u6709\u6311\u6218\u6027\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u5927\u5206\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u89c1\u89e3\u3002\u867d\u7136\u51b7\u51bb\u7535\u5b50\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u66fe\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u53ea\u6709\u5c11\u6570\u4e13\u5bb6\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u4eca\u5176\u64cd\u4f5c\u53d8\u5f97\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u7b80\u5355\u3001\u4ef7\u683c\u66f4\u4e3a\u4eb2\u6c11\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5bf9\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u7fa4\u4f53\u5f00\u653e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u51b7\u51bb\u7535\u955c\u7684\u4f18\u52bf<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u51b7\u51bb\u7535\u5b50\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u5728\u7ed3\u6784\u5206\u6790\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0eX\u5c04\u7ebf\u884d\u5c04\u548c\u6838\u78c1\u5171\u632f\u7b49\u5176\u4ed6\u6d41\u884c\u6280\u672f\u5f62\u6210\u4e92\u8865\u3002\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u6280\u672f\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u51b7\u51bb\u7535\u955c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u6837\u54c1\u8fdb\u884c\u7ed3\u6676\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u5206\u6790\u5927\u578b\u590d\u5408\u7269\u548c\u819c\u86cb\u767d\u65f6\u7684\u4e00\u5927\u969c\u788d<\/a>\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u51b7\u51bb\u7535\u955c\u53ea\u8981\u6c42\u6837\u54c1\u80fd\u591f\u60ac\u6d6e\u5728\u6c34\u6027\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u9700\u8981\u590d\u6742\u6837\u54c1\u5236\u5907\u7684\u6280\u672f\u603b\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u5fae\u5999\u7834\u574f\u751f\u7269\u4f53\u5185\u771f\u5b9e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u800c\u901a\u8fc7\u73bb\u7483\u5316\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u98ce\u9669\u5927\u5927\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u751f\u7406\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u7684\u89c2\u5bdf\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"Comparison
\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b66\u4e2d\u5e38\u7528\u6210\u50cf\u4e0e\u7ed3\u6784\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u51b7\u51bb\u7535\u5b50\u663e\u5fae\u6280\u672f\uff09\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u51b7\u51bb\u7535\u955c\u6280\u672f<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u867d\u7136\u201c\u51b7\u51bb\u7535\u955c\u201d\u6709\u65f6\u4e0e\u6700\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u5355\u9897\u7c92\u5206\u6790\u6cd5\u540c\u4e49\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u5728\u51b7\u51bb\u900f\u5c04\u7535\u5b50\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5728\u6b64\u505a\u7b80\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff1b\u66f4\u591a\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\u53ef\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e0a\u83b7\u53d6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"Histamine
\u4eba\u7c7bGABA-A\u53d7\u4f53\u7ed3\u5408\u53e3\u888b\u4e2d\u7684\u7ec4\u80fa\uff08\u4f7f\u7528Krios\u51b7\u51bb\u7535\u955c\u4ee51.7 \u00c5\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u89e3\u6790\uff09\u3002
\u6570\u636e\u7531A. Sente\u548cR. Aricescu\uff0cMRC-LMB\u5251\u6865\u63d0\u4f9b\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u5355\u9897\u7c92\u5206\u6790<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u5355\u9897\u7c92\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u5c06\u7eaf\u5316\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u6216\u86cb\u767d\u590d\u5408\u7269\u8fdb\u884c\u5feb\u901f\u51b7\u51bb\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u6301\u5176\u5929\u7136\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u968f\u540e\u5229\u7528\u900f\u5c04\u7535\u5b50\u663e\u5fae\u955c\uff08TEM\uff09\u6536\u96c6\u5927\u91cf\u6837\u54c1\u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5feb\u7167\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u5728\u51b0\u4e2d\u5448\u968f\u673a\u53d6\u5411\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56fe\u50cf\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u6837\u54c1\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u89d2\u5ea6\u4e0b\u7684\u5f62\u6001\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u91cd\u65b0\u7ec4\u5408\u6210\u9ad8\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u7684\u4e09\u7ef4\u91cd\u6784\u56fe\u50cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"Cryo-electron
\u7eff\u8272\u85fb\u7c7b\u9ad8\u5c14\u57fa\u4f53\u7684\u51b7\u51bb\u7535\u5b50\u65ad\u5c42\u626b\u63cf\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u56fe\u50cf\u83b1\u8335\u8863\u85fb\uff08Chlamydomonas reinhardtii\uff09<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u51b7\u51bb\u65ad\u5c42\u626b\u63cf\u6280\u672f<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u51b7\u51bb\u7535\u5b50\u65ad\u5c42\u626b\u63cf\uff08cryo-ET\uff09\uff0c\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u6574\u4f53\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u53ef\u5728\u751f\u7406\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u4ee5\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ea7\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ec6\u80de\u5668\u548c\u86cb\u767d\u590d\u5408\u7269\u7684\u4e09\u7ef4\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u901a\u8fc7\u805a\u7126\u79bb\u5b50\u675f\uff08FIB\uff09\u5bf9\u5df2\u73bb\u7483\u5316\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u8fdb\u884c\u5207\u5272\uff0c\u5728\u7ec6\u80de\u4e0a\u6253\u5f00\u89c2\u5bdf\u7a97\u53e3\u3002\u7136\u540e\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u53d8\u8584\u540e\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u6837\u672c\u62cd\u6444\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u4e8c\u7ef4\u56fe\u50cf\uff0c\u518d\u5c06\u5176\u91cd\u5efa\u4e3a\u4e09\u7ef4\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u9ad8\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u5185\u90e8\u4e09\u7ef4\u56fe\u50cf\u80fd\u591f\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u5e26\u6765\u5173\u4e8e\u7ec6\u80de\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u65b0\u89c1\u89e3\uff0c\u5e76\u63ed\u793a\u539f\u751f\u86cb\u767d\u590d\u5408\u7269\u7684\u6392\u5217\u4e0e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"Protein
\u5229\u7528\u5fae\u6676\u7535\u5b50\u884d\u5c04\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u7ed3\u6784\u6d4b\u5b9a\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u5fae\u6676\u7535\u5b50\u884d\u5c04<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u5fae\u6676\u7535\u5b50\u884d\u5c04\uff08MicroED\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8eX\u5c04\u7ebf\u6676\u4f53\u5b66\uff08XRD\uff09\u7684\u884d\u5c04\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5229\u7528\u7684\u662f\u7535\u5b50\u800c\u975eX\u5c04\u7ebf\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u7535\u5b50\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u77ed\u7684\u6ce2\u957f\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0e\u6837\u54c1\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u66f4\u5f3a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u5355\u4e2a\u7eb3\u7c73\u6676\u4f53\uff08\u5c3a\u5bf8\u5c0f\u4e8e200\u7eb3\u7c73\uff09\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u539f\u5b50\u7ea7\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u5728\u5f02\u8d28\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u4e2d\u4e5f\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5206\u6790\u90a3\u4e9b\u5bf9\u4e8eXRD\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6676\u4f53\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8bf4\u8fc7\u5c0f\u7684\u6676\u4f53\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u4ec5\u9700\u51e0\u5206\u949f\u5373\u53ef\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee5\u539f\u5b50\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u786e\u5b9a\u4e09\u7ef4\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7ed3\u8bba<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u8fd9\u4efd\u7b80\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecd\u80fd\u591f\u8ba9\u60a8\u521d\u6b65\u4e86\u89e3\u51b7\u51bb\u7535\u955c\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u5e7f\u9614\u524d\u666f\u3002\u6709\u4e86\u8fd9\u9879\u9769\u547d\u6027\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u7ed3\u6784\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u6790\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u6240\u6709\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6784\u8c61\u3001\u7ed3\u6784\u53ca\u5176\u4fee\u9970\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u6837\u54c1\u4e2d\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u591a\u79cd\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u6784\u8c61\u6216\u5f02\u8d28\u590d\u5408\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u60f3\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4e86\u89e3\u51b7\u51bb\u7535\u955c\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u5982\u4f55\u9769\u65b0\u7ed3\u6784\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u3001\u836f\u7269\u7814\u53d1\u7b49\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u8bf7\u9605\u8bfb\u6211\u4eec\u201c\u539f\u5b50\u5206\u8fa8\u751f\u6d3b\u201d\u535a\u5ba2\u4e2d\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u79d1\u666e\u6587\u7ae0\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– \u7528\u7535\u5b50\u770b\u4e16\u754c\uff1a\u7535\u5b50\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u89e3\u6790<\/a>
– \u5f00\u653e\u83b7\u53d6\uff1a\u7ec6\u80de\u51b7\u51bb\u7535\u955c\u65ad\u5c42\u6210\u50cf\u6559\u80b2\u8d44\u6e90<\/a>
– \u51b7\u51bb\u7535\u955c\u6837\u54c1\u5236\u5907\uff1a\u72b9\u4ed6\u5927\u5b66\u6838\u5fc3\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u4e3b\u4efb\u95ee\u7b54\u4e13\u8bbf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5982\u9700\u66f4\u591a\u5b66\u4e60\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u8bf7\u8bbf\u95ee\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b66\u7535\u5b50\u663e\u5fae\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\u5fc3 >><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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