At the forefront of genetic research and biopharmaceutical advancements is the creation and utilization of mutagenesis libraries. These libraries are powerful tools that enable scientists to explore gene function, engineer proteins, and develop therapeutics by introducing mutations into DNA sequences. Our GeneArt controlled randomization service is designed to provide high-quality, customizable mutagenesis libraries that meet the stringent demands of modern scientific research.

Applications of mutagenesis libraries

Applications of mutagenesis libraries are diverse and impactful, spanning multiple areas of scientific research and industrial use:

  • Diversifying antigen-binding sites of antibodies
  • Improving physicochemical protein properties such as solubility, heat stability, and activity in industrial environments
  • Enhancing function, such as promoter activity or enzymatic properties
  • Optimizing antibody affinity (in vitro affinity maturation)
  • Humanizing antibodies
  • Prolonging half-life of therapeutics for in vivo environments
  • Improving enzymes for industrial use
  • Modifying enantioselectivity of enzymes
  • Inducing changes to alter proteins from patented sequences

Why choose a controlled randomization service for mutagenesis libraries

In a controlled randomization library, random nucleotides within a defined region will be mutated at a defined average mutation rate. GeneArt controlled randomization technology accurately directs the effective frequency of random nucleotide substitutions. This approach is designed to confine mutagenesis to specific regions or randomize the entire open reading frame. Randomized constructs are rigorously controlled to help ensure that the unchanged portions of the sequence are unaffected and that randomized portions contain the distribution of nucleotides that encode the desired amino acid composition.

Advantages of controlled randomization service

  • Library diversity of more than 1011 variants
  • Next-generation sequencing using the Thermo Scientific Ion Torrent sequencing platform optional available
  • Precise selection of the average mutation rate (number of changes per construct)
  • Random mutagenesis throughout construct or limited to defined positions
  • Transition/transversion ratio of 1:2
  • Fewer silent mutations
  • Low ancillary mutation rate
  • Fast production times

Quality control

All GeneArt controlled randomization products are sequenced and statistically analyzed to help ensure that they meet the following quality benchmarks: 

  • Sequencing of up to 96 individual transformants to verify that customer’s specifications regarding nucleotide content and amino acid encoding have been met, and that sequence integrity of unmutated portions of the construct meets minimum requirements
  • Bulk sequencing to verify that nondegenerate portions of the construct have the correct sequence and randomized portions meet customer’s specifications and maintain an open reading frame
  • Real-time PCR prior to amplification to verify that library diversity objectives have been met
  • Optional next-generation sequencing quality control (additional fee applies)


Mutation distribution in mutagenesis library

Diagram showing expected distribution of mutations

Get started with GeneArt controlled randomization service

Please download the questionnaire to submit project information. For secure data transfer, please login to the GeneArt Dashboard to access the file exchange.

For further information regarding this service or the order process, please contact geneartsupport@thermofisher.com.

Delivery formats

GeneArt ready-to-clone controlled randomization library
  • 5 µg of linear DNA ready to clone via 5' and 3' restriction sites
  • Non-amplified library, 17–170 fmol (1010–1011 specimen variant diversity) depending on library diversity
  • Amplification primers
GeneArt cloned controlled randomization library
  • 30 µg of plasmid DNA cloned into the vector of your choice
  • 109 transformation rate
  • 12 aliquots of 0.5 mL glycerol stocks
  • Non-amplified library, 17–170 fmol (1010–1011 specimen variant diversity) depending on library diversity
  • Amplification primers

仅供科研使用,不可用于诊断目的。

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