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Analytical techniques for forensic materials characterization
Forensic investigations rely on analytical techniques capable of resolving microscopic morphology, elemental composition, and surface chemistry. Thermo Scientific solutions support forensic science through the following core techniques.
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)
SEM provides high-resolution imaging of forensic evidence, revealing particle morphology, surface texture, and microstructural features critical for trace evidence and residue analysis.
Elemental analysis (SEM-EDS)
Elemental analysis identifies and confirms the elemental composition of forensic particles and residues. In gunshot residue analysis, SEM-EDS supports the classification of characteristic and non-characteristic particles based on elemental signatures.
Particle and inclusion analysis
Automated particle analysis enables rapid detection, classification, and statistical evaluation of thousands of particles per sample. These workflows reduce operator bias and improve reproducibility in forensic casework.
Automated and statistical analysis
Automation and data-driven workflows enable consistent, repeatable forensic analysis. Statistical reporting supports quality assurance, method validation, and defensible evidence interpretation.
X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS)
X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy provides highly surface-sensitive chemical analysis for forensic investigations where trace residues, thin films, and surface contamination are critical. XPS identifies elemental composition and chemical bonding within the top few nanometers of a surface, enabling differentiation between visually similar materials and detection of low-level contaminants. In forensic workflows, XPS is used to analyze residues, polymers, tapes, coatings, corrosion products, and transferred materials, adding chemical-state information that complements front-line SEM-based particle and morphological analysis and strengthens evidential interpretation.
Surface and interface analysis
Surface-sensitive techniques provide chemical information from the outermost layers of materials. This is essential for analyzing residues, contamination, polymers, coatings, and transferred materials in forensic investigations.
Chemical state analysis
Chemical state analysis identifies how elements are bonded at surfaces, supporting differentiation between visually similar materials and improving interpretation of trace evidence.
For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures.