IC 固定液

醛类固定剂（例如甲醛、戊二醛）可与各种细胞成分交联，这有助于保持蛋白质和细胞的形态。但一些抗原可能会因交联而被掩藏，需要通过抗原修复的方式暴露掩藏的抗原结合位点。此外，醛类固定剂需要通过通透处理使抗体进入细胞。甲醇和丙酮等有机溶剂可凝聚蛋白质并通透细胞，但细胞形态会受到破坏。表面抗原无需固定即可标记。

Aldehyde-based fixatives (e.g., formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde) crosslink various cellular components, which helps retain proteins and cell morphology, but some antigens can be masked by the crosslinking, requiring antigen retrieval methods to unmask the antigen binding sites. Also, aldehyde-based fixation requires permeabilization to allow entry of antibodies. Organic solvents such as methanol and acetone condense proteins and permeabilize the cells, but cell morphology can be compromised. Surface antigens can be labeled without fixation.

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