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Diphenhydramine is a first-generation antihistamine commonly used to manage allergic disorders, insomnia, pruritus, urticaria, vertigo, motion sickness, and dystonias. It functions by competitively antagonizing histamine at the H1 receptor, providing relief from allergic symptoms. Diphenhydramine is metabolized primarily by cytochrome P450 isozymes in the liver, specifically involving N-demethylation processes. Structurally, it belongs to the ethanolamine class of antihistamines, characterized by dimethylaminoethylbenzhydryl ethers with various substitutions. This compound is widely available in over-the-counter medications due to its sedative properties, although paradoxical excitation can occur in some individuals. Its gene location and specific metabolic pathways are still under investigation, with studies focusing on its interaction with human liver microsomes and recombinant P450 isozymes.
仅用于科研。不用于诊断过程。未经明确授权不得转售。