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Invitrogen
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Immunoglobulin E (IgE) is a class of immunoglobulins that plays a crucial role in allergic reactions and immune responses. Structurally, IgE is similar to IgG but contains an epsilon heavy chain with a high carbohydrate content and an additional constant region (CH4). IgE antibodies are tetramers consisting of two light chains (kappa or lambda) and two epsilon-heavy chains, each with a variable region and four constant region domains. IgE is primarily found in serum and is involved in type I hypersensitivity reactions, parasitic infections, and autoimmune processes. It binds to Fc receptors Fc-epsilonRI and Fc-epsilonRII/CD23, mediating powerful effector functions. The gene encoding IgE is located on chromosome 14, and its expression is tightly regulated to prevent excessive allergic responses.
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