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Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) is a synthetic progestin commonly used in hormone replacement therapy and contraceptive formulations. It is a derivative of progesterone, with modifications that enhance its stability and bioavailability. MPA functions as a progesterone agonist, exerting its effects by binding to progesterone receptors in target tissues, which leads to changes in gene expression and cellular activity. It is primarily used to regulate menstrual cycles, treat endometriosis, and as part of hormone replacement therapy for menopausal symptoms. The gene location and structure of medroxyprogesterone are not directly applicable as it is a synthetic compound rather than a naturally occurring gene product. However, its mechanism of action involves interaction with the progesterone receptor gene, influencing reproductive tissue function. Studies have shown that MPA can induce apoptosis in human endometrial endothelial cells, highlighting its role in modulating cellular processes. Synonyms for medroxyprogesterone include medroxyprogesterone acetate, MPA, Provera, Depo-Provera, Amen, Curretab, Cycrin, and Depo-SubQ Provera 104.
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