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Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), commonly known as ecstasy, is a synthetic amphetamine derivative that primarily affects serotonergic and dopaminergic systems. MDMA preferentially stimulates the release of serotonin (5HT) and results in relatively smaller increases in synaptic dopamine (DA), which contributes to its psychoactive effects. Structurally, MDMA is similar to hallucinogenic compounds such as mescaline and amphetamine, and it is often formulated as a racemate, a 1:1 mixture of its enantiomers. The (S)-enantiomer is metabolized faster than the (R)-enantiomer. MDMA's neurotoxicity has been a focus of research, particularly its impact on serotonin levels and its potential to induce reactive oxygen species. It is also known for its empathogenic effects, making it popular in recreational settings. MDMA's pharmacological properties have been studied extensively, including its effects on mesenchymal stem cells and dental pulp stem cells.
仅用于科研。不用于诊断过程。未经明确授权不得转售。