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Sildenafil, commonly recognized by its brand names Viagra and Revatio, is a selective phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor widely used to treat erectile dysfunction and pulmonary arterial hypertension. Structurally, sildenafil includes a pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one framework, which allows it to increase cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels by preventing PDE5 from breaking it down, thus facilitating smooth muscle relaxation and vasodilation in the corpus cavernosum. Administered orally, sildenafil undergoes hepatic metabolism predominantly by the CYP3A4 enzyme, with a half-life that supports effective therapeutic action for several hours. While generally well-tolerated, sildenafil can interact with nitrates and certain antihypertensive medications, leading to potentially serious cardiovascular effects, and may cause side effects ranging from headaches to visual disturbances. Ongoing research aims to explore its broader applications in treating conditions like Raynaud's phenomenon and enhancing athletic performance, constantly evaluating its safety and efficacy in various contexts.
仅用于科研。不用于诊断过程。未经明确授权不得转售。