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ACACA and ACACB encode acetyl CoA carboxylase alpha and beta, the rate limiting enzymes that convert acetyl CoA to malonyl CoA for de novo fatty acid synthesis and regulation of fatty acid oxidation. ACACA is primarily cytosolic in lipogenic tissues such as liver and adipose, supporting fatty acid and triglyceride production, while ACACB is enriched in oxidative tissues such as heart and skeletal muscle, producing malonyl CoA near mitochondria to inhibit fatty acid entry via CPT1 and thereby modulate beta oxidation. Both enzymes are large biotin dependent carboxylases with biotin carboxylase, carboxyl transferase, and biotin carrier domains, and they are tightly controlled by phosphorylation through AMPK, by allosteric activation from citrate, by feedback from long chain acyl CoA species, and by transcriptional programs governed by SREBP1 and ChREBP. Genetic variation and dysregulation of ACACA and ACACB influence metabolic disorders including obesity, type 2 diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and cardiovascular disease. Pharmacologic ACC inhibitors decrease malonyl CoA levels, reduce lipogenesis, and increase fatty acid oxidation, and are being developed for metabolic and liver indications. Detection and study use enzyme activity assays, metabolite profiling, immunoblotting, and CRISPR or RNA interference approaches.
仅用于科研。不用于诊断过程。未经明确授权不得转售。
蛋白别名: ACAC; acaca; ACACB-1; ACC-a; ACC-alpha; ACC-B; ACC-beta; ACC1; ACC2; ACCA; Acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1; Acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2; Acetyl-CoA carboxylase 265; acetyl-Coenzyme A carboxylase 2; Acetyl-Coenzyme A carboxylase alpha; acetyl-Coenzyme A carboxylase beta; unnamed protein product
基因别名: A530025K05Rik; ACAC; Acac1; ACACA; ACACAD; ACACalpha; ACACB; ACACbeta; ACC; ACC-beta; ACC1; ACC2; ACCA; ACCalpha; ACCB; ACCbeta; AI597064; AW743042; Gm738; hACC1; HACC275
UniProt ID: (Human) Q13085, (Human) O00763, (Mouse) Q5SWU9, (Rat) P11497, (Mouse) E9Q4Z2
Entrez Gene ID: (Human) 31, (Human) 32, (Mouse) 107476, (Rat) 60581, (Rat) 116719, (Mouse) 100705