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Protein Induced by Vitamin K Absence or Antagonist-II (PIVKA-II), also known as des-?-carboxy prothrombin (DCP), is an abnormal form of prothrombin produced primarily by liver tissues under conditions of vitamin K deficiency or antagonism. This immature prothrombin variant lacks sufficient coagulation activity and is prominently overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, serving as a crucial biomarker for screening and diagnosing HCC. PIVKA-II also appears in some cases of gastric cancer, albeit less frequently. Elevated serum levels of PIVKA-II are not exclusive to malignancies; they can also be seen in non-HCC conditions, which necessitates differential diagnostic strategies. The utility of PIVKA-II is further underscored by its ability to predict extrahepatic metastases in early HCC, supporting its role in comprehensive patient evaluation and monitoring.
仅用于科研。不用于诊断过程。未经明确授权不得转售。
蛋白别名: coagulation factor 2; Coagulation factor II; coagulation factor II (thrombin); PIVKA-II; prepro-coagulation factor II; Protein Induced by Vitamin K Absence or Antagonist-II; Prothrombin; prothrombin B-chain; serine protease; thrombin
基因别名: Cf-2; Cf2; F2; FII; PT; RPRGL2; THPH1
UniProt ID: (Mouse) P19221, (Human) P00734
Entrez Gene ID: (Mouse) 14061, (Rat) 29251, (Human) 2147