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Polymyxin E, also known as colistin, is a cyclic polypeptide antibiotic produced by the bacterium Aerobacillus polyaerogenes. It is synthesized through a nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) gene cluster, which incorporates amino acids such as L-2,4-diaminobutyric acid, L-leucine, and L-threonine. The gene cluster responsible for its biosynthesis has been characterized using genomic libraries and PCR-based screening. Structurally, polymyxin E is a branched cyclic decapeptide with hydrophobic modifications that enhance its activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Functionally, it acts as a last-resort antibiotic for treating multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections, although its effectiveness can be compromised by plasmid-mediated resistance. Recent studies have focused on enhancing its efficacy through synergistic partners and structural modifications.
仅用于科研。不用于诊断过程。未经明确授权不得转售。