The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21WAF1/Cip1 is an antiestrogen-regulated inhibitor of Cdk4 in human breast cancer cells.
Authors Skildum Andrew J; Mukherjee Shibani; Conrad Susan E;
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID11741909
'The MCF-7 cell line is a model of estrogen-dependent, antiestrogen-sensitive human breast cancer. Antiestrogen treatment of MCF-7 cells causes dramatic decreases in both Cdk4 and Cdk2 activities, which leads to a G(1) phase cell cycle arrest. In this report, we investigate the mechanism(s) by which Cdk4 activity is regulated in ... More
Subretinal transplantation of genetically modified human cell lines attenuates loss of visual function in dystrophic rats.
'Royal College of Surgeons rats are genetically predisposed to undergo significant visual loss caused by a primary dysfunction of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. By using this model, we have examined the efficacy of subretinal transplantation of two independent human RPE cell lines each exhibiting genetic modifications that confer long-term ... More
Exercise-induced a-ketoglutaric acid stimulates muscle hypertrophy and fat loss through OXGR1-dependent adrenal activation.
AuthorsYuan Y, Xu P, Jiang Q, Cai X, Wang T, Peng W, Sun J, Zhu C, Zhang C, Yue D, He Z, Yang J, Zeng Y, Du M, Zhang F, Ibrahimi L, Schaul S, Jiang Y, Wang J, Sun J, Wang Q, Liu L, Wang S, Wang L, Zhu X, Gao P, Xi Q, Yin C, Li F, Xu G, Zhang Y, Shu G
JournalEMBO J
PubMed ID32104923
'Beneficial effects of resistance exercise on metabolic health and particularly muscle hypertrophy and fat loss are well established, but the underlying chemical and physiological mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we identified a myometabolite-mediated metabolic pathway that is essential for the beneficial metabolic effects of resistance exercise in mice. We ... More
Human GBP1 is a microbe-specific gatekeeper of macrophage apoptosis and pyroptosis.
AuthorsFisch D, Bando H, Clough B, Hornung V, Yamamoto M, Shenoy AR, Frickel EM
JournalEMBO J
PubMed ID31268602
'The guanylate binding protein (GBP) family of interferon-inducible GTPases promotes antimicrobial immunity and cell death. During bacterial infection, multiple mouse Gbps, human GBP2, and GBP5 support the activation of caspase-1-containing inflammasome complexes or caspase-4 which trigger pyroptosis. Whether GBPs regulate other forms of cell death is not known. The apicomplexan ... More
Mycobacterial Mutagenesis and Drug Resistance Are Controlled by Phosphorylation- and Cardiolipin-Mediated Inhibition of the RecA Coprotease.
AuthorsWipperman MF, Heaton BE, Nautiyal A, Adefisayo O, Evans H, Gupta R, van Ditmarsch D, Soni R, Hendrickson R, Johnson J, Krogan N, Glickman MS
JournalMol Cell
PubMed ID30174294
'Infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis continues to cause substantial human mortality, in part because of the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. Antimicrobial resistance in tuberculosis is solely the result of chromosomal mutations that modify drug activators or targets, yet the mechanisms controlling the mycobacterial DNA-damage response (DDR) remain incompletely defined. Here, we ... More