MicroRNA-26a targets the histone methyltransferase Enhancer of Zeste homolog 2 during myogenesis.
AuthorsWong CF, Tellam RL,
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID18281287
'MicroRNA (miRNA) are important regulators of many biological processes, but the targets for most miRNA are still poorly defined. In this study, we profiled the expression of miRNA during myogenesis, from proliferating myoblasts through to terminally differentiated myotubes. Microarray results identified six significantly differentially expressed miRNA that were more than ... More
'We recently described two opposing states of transcriptional competency. One is termed ''competent'' whereby a gene is capable of responding to trans-acting transcription factors of the cell, such that it is active if appropriate transcriptional activators are present, though it can also be silent if activators are absent or repressors ... More
Cancer angiogenesis induced by Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus is mediated by EZH2.
AuthorsHe M, Zhang W, Bakken T, Schutten M, Toth Z, Jung JU, Gill P, Cannon M, Gao SJ,
JournalCancer Res
PubMed ID22593192
'EZH2 is a component of the epigenetic regulator PRC2 that suppresses gene expression. Elevated expression of EZH2 is common in human cancers and is associated with tumor progression and poor prognosis. In this study, we show that EZH2 elevation is associated with epigenetic modifications of Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), an ... More
Derepression of CLDN3 and CLDN4 during ovarian tumorigenesis is associated with loss of repressive histone modifications.
AuthorsKwon MJ, Kim SS, Choi YL, Jung HS, Balch C, Kim SH, Song YS, Marquez VE, Nephew KP, Shin YK,
JournalCarcinogenesis
PubMed ID20053926
'Unlike epigenetic silencing of tumor suppressor genes, the role of epigenetic derepression of cancer-promoting genes or oncogenes in carcinogenesis remains less well understood. The tight junction proteins claudin-3 and claudin-4 are frequently overexpressed in ovarian cancer and their overexpression was previously reported to promote the migration and invasion of ovarian ... More
Noncoding RNA synthesis and loss of Polycomb group repression accompanies the colinear activation of the human HOXA cluster.
The ratio of noncoding to protein coding DNA rises with the complexity of the organism, culminating in nearly 99% of nonprotein coding DNA in humans. Nevertheless, a large portion of these regions is transcribed, creating the alleged paradox that noncoding RNA (ncRNA) represents the largest output of the human genome. ... More
Dynamic changes in histone-methylation 'marks' across the locus encoding interferon-gamma during the differentiation of T helper type 2 cells.
AuthorsChang S, Aune TM,
JournalNat Immunol
PubMed ID17546034
The 'histone-code' hypothesis proposes that cell fate 'decisions' are achieved through the creation of stable epigenetic histone 'marks' at gene loci. Here we explored the formation of marks of repressive methylation of histone 3 at lysine 9 (H3-K9) and of H3-K27 at the locus encoding interferon-gamma (Ifng locus) during the ... More
UTX mediates demethylation of H3K27me3 at muscle-specific genes during myogenesis.
AuthorsSeenundun S, Rampalli S, Liu QC, Aziz A, Palii C, Hong S, Blais A, Brand M, Ge K, Dilworth FJ,
JournalEMBO J
PubMed ID20300060
Polycomb (PcG) and Trithorax (TrxG) group proteins act antagonistically to establish tissue-specific patterns of gene expression. The PcG protein Ezh2 facilitates repression by catalysing histone H3-Lys27 trimethylation (H3K27me3). For expression, H3K27me3 marks are removed and replaced by TrxG protein catalysed histone H3-Lys4 trimethylation (H3K4me3). Although H3K27 demethylases have been identified, ... More