Genetic analysis of hepatitis C virus with defective genome and its infectivity in vitro.
AuthorsSugiyama K, Suzuki K, Nakazawa T, Funami K, Hishiki T, Ogawa K, Saito S, Shimotohno KW, Suzuki T, Shimizu Y, Tobita R, Hijikata M, Takaku H, Shimotohno K
JournalJ Virol
PubMed ID19369330
Replication and infectivity of hepatitis C virus (HCV) with a defective genome is ambiguous. We molecularly cloned 38 HCV isolates with defective genomes from 18 patient sera. The structural regions were widely deleted, with the 5' untranslated, core, and NS3-NS5B regions preserved. All of the deletions were in frame, ... More
Down Regulation of Genes Involved in T Cell Polarity and Motility during the Induction of Heart Allograft Tolerance by Allochimeric MHC I
AuthorsLisik, W; Tejpal, N; Gong, YQ; Skelton, TS; Ganachari, M; Bremer, EG; Kloc, M; Ghobrial, RM
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'Background: The allochimeric MHC class I molecule [α1h1/u]-RT1. Aa that contains donor-type (Wistar Furth, WF; RT1u) epitopes displayed on recipient-type (ACI, RT1a) administered in conjunction with sub-therapeutic dose of cyclosporine (CsA) induces indefinite survival of heterotopic cardiac allografts in rat model. In vascularized transplantation models, the spleen contributes to graft ... More
Activation of Macrophages by Polysaccharide-protein Complex from Lycium barbarum L.
AuthorsChen, ZS; Soo, MY; Srinivasan, N; Tan, BKH; Chan, SH
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'Macrophages play crucial roles in innate immunity. This paper reports that a polysaccharide-protein complex isolated from Lycium barbarum (LBP) is able to activate macrophages. LBP was isolated from Lycium barbarum fruit and separated to five homogenous fractions, designated LBPF1, LBPF2, LBPF3, LBPF4 and LBPF5. It was found that LBP (50 ... More
Fusion of Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen-1-derived glycine-alanine repeat to trans-dominant HIV-1 Gag increases inhibitory activities and survival of transduced cells in vivo
'Trans-dominant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Gag derivatives have been shown to efficiently inhibit late steps of HIV-1 replication in vitro by interfering with Gag precursor assembly, thus ranking among the interesting candidates for gene therapy approaches. However, efficient antiviral activities of corresponding transgenes are likely to be counteracted ... More
Prevalence of Chlamydophila psittaci in wild birds-potential risk for domestic poultry, pet birds, and public health?
AuthorsZweifel, D; Hoop, R; Sachse, K; Pospischil, A; Borel, N
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'To determine the prevalence of Chlamydophila psittaci in wild birds, cloacal swabs from 527 songbirds, 442 waterfowl, 84 feral pigeons, and 38 cormorants were examined by Chlamydiaceae-specific real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and ArrayTube microarray assays for chlamydial species determination and genotyping of C. psittaci. Inconclusive cases were further characterized ... More
Effect of tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 on in vitro and in vivo adipocyte differentiation
AuthorsScroyen, I; Cosemans, L; Lijnen, HR
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'Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) play a role in development of obesity by contributing to adipogenesis, angiogenesis and extracellular matrix degradation. We have evaluated a potential functional role of TIMP-1, which inhibits most MMPs, in early stages of in vitro and in vivo adipogenesis. Overexpression of human ... More
Enhanced antiviral T cell function in the absence of B7-H1 is insufficient to prevent persistence but exacerbates axonal bystander damage during viral encephalomyelitis.
AuthorsPhares TW, Stohlman SA, Hinton DR, Atkinson R, Bergmann CC
JournalJ Immunol
PubMed ID20876353
'The T cell inhibitory ligand B7-H1 hinders T cell-mediated virus control, but also ameliorates clinical disease during autoimmune and virus-induced CNS disease. In mice infected with gliatropic demyelinating coronavirus, B7-H1 expression on oligodendroglia delays virus control, but also dampens clinical disease. To define the mechanisms by which B7-H1 alters pathogenic ... More
Interleukin-17D in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar): Molecular characterization, 3D modelling and promoter analysis
AuthorsKumari, J; Larsen, AN; Bogwald, J; Dalmo, RA
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'IL-17 is a proinflammatory cytokine that plays an important role in the clearance of extracellular bacteria and contributes to the pathology of many autoimmune and allergic conditions. Much work on IL-17 has been done in humans and higher vertebrates while little work has been conducted in lower vertebrates including fish. ... More
Defining Long-Term Maintenance Conditions of Human Embryonic Stem Cells With Arrayed Cellular Microenvironment Technology
AuthorsBrafman, DA; Shah, KD; Fellner, T; Chien, S; Willert, K
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'The optimization of defined growth conditions is necessary for the development of clinical application of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Current research has focused on developing defined media formulations for long-term culture of hESCs with little attention on the establishment of defined substrates for hESC proliferation and self-renewal. Presently available ... More
Cell-type specific transcriptional activities among different papillomavirus long control regions and their regulation by E2
'This study systematically examined the viral long control region (LCR) activities and their responses to E2 for human papillomavirus (HPV) types 11, 16, and 18 as well as bovine papillomavirus 1 (BPV1) in a number of different cell types, including human cervical cancer cell lines, human oral keratinocytes, BJ fibroblasts, ... More
Gene expression profiles of dental follicle cells before and after osteogenic differentiation in vitro
AuthorsMorsczeck, C; Schmalz, G; Reichert, TE; Voellner, F; Saugspier, M; Viale-Bouroncle, S; Driemel, O
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'Recently, osteogenic precursor cells were isolated from human dental follicles, which differentiate into cementoblast- or osteoblast-like cells under in vitro conditions after the induction with dexamethasone or insulin. However, mechanisms for osteogenic differentiation are not understood in detail. In a previous study, real-time RT-PCR results demonstrated molecular mechanisms in dental ... More
Upregulated miR-146a expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from rheumatoid arthritis patients.
AuthorsPauley KM, Satoh M, Chan AL, Bubb MR, Reeves WH, Chan EK
JournalArthritis Res Ther
PubMed ID18759964
'INTRODUCTION: MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNA molecules that negatively regulate gene expression via degradation or translational repression of their targeted mRNAs. It is known that aberrant microRNA expression can play important roles in cancer, but the role of microRNAs in autoimmune diseases is only beginning to emerge. In this ... More
Cul3 overexpression depletes Nrf2 in breast cancer and is associated with sensitivity to carcinogens, to oxidative stress, and to chemotherapy.
AuthorsLoignon M, Miao W, Hu L, Bier A, Bismar TA, Scrivens PJ, Mann K, Basik M, Bouchard A, Fiset PO, Batist Z, Batist G
JournalMol Cancer Ther
PubMed ID19638449
'Nrf2 is the key transcription factor for cytoprotective gene programs. Nrf2 is normally maintained at very low concentrations by proteasomal degradation, through its interaction with the adapter protein Keap1 and the Cul3 E3 ligase. Increased Nrf2 concentration resulting from loss of function Keap1 mutations has been described in chemoresistant ... More
A multiplatform real-time polymerase chain reaction detection assay for Vibrio cholerae
We report a multiplatform real-time polymerase chain reaction methodology based on genes encoding for the regulatory toxR activator and enterotoxin A protein to determine enterotoxigenic Vibrio cholerae types from other vibrios. This assay, which was successfully validated on a collection of 87 bacterial strains, including 63 representatives of V cholerae ... More
Changes in the homeostatic mechanism of dental pulp with age: Expression of the core-binding factor alpha-1, dentin sialoprotein, vascular endothelial growth factor, and heat shock protein 27 messenger RNAs
AuthorsMatsuzaka, K; Muramatsu, T; Katakura, A; Ishihara, K; Hashimoto, S; Yoshinari, M; Endo, T; Tazaki, M; Shintani, M; Sato, Y; Inoue, T
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Dental pulp has various characteristics in the pulp chamber, but only a few biological evaluations about the effect of age on dental pulp tissue have been reported. The purpose of this study was to compare dental pulp from young and adult rats to characterize the homeostatic mechanism. Dental pulp cells ... More
Real-time PCRs and fingerprinting assays for the detection and characterization of Salmonella Genomic Island-1 encoding multidrug resistance: Application to 445 European isolates of Salmonella, Escherichia coli, Shigella, and Proteus
Salmonella Genomic Island-1 (SGI-1) harbors a cluster of genes encoding multidrug resistance (MDR). SGI-1 is horizontally transmissible and is therefore of significant public health concern. This study presents two novel real-time PCRs detecting three SGI-1 protein-coding genes and a SGI-1 fingerprinting assay. These assays were applied to 445 European enterobacterial ... More
IL-10 is pathogenic during the development of coxsackievirus B4-induced chronic pancreatitis
Using a mouse model of coxsackievirus B4 (CVB4-V)-induced chronic pancreatitis, we investigated whether cytokines are involved in the progression of acute disease to chronic inflammatory disease. We show that IL-10 contributed to the development of chronic pancreatitis since acute disease resolved when IL-10 was absent or when IL-10 signaling was ... More
Correlation between lymph node pathology and chemokine expression during bovine tuberculosis
AuthorsWiddison, S; Watson, M; Coffey, TJ
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Bovine tuberculosis is a disease of worldwide importance yet comparatively little is known about chemokine responses to infection. We report on the levels of chemokine expression within lymph nodes of cattle infected with Mycobacterium bovis when infection would be well established. Expression levels of a number of chemokines were increased ... More
Modified PAXgene™ method allows for isolation of high-integrity total RNA from microlitre volumes of mouse whole blood
AuthorsKrawiec, JA; Chen, H; Alom-Ruiz, S; Jaye, M
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Analysis of gene expression is often used to evaluate the effects of experimental manipulations in laboratory animals. Blood is a rich source of potential biomarkers, including gene expression information, which may be obtained from whole blood. When compared with the end of a study, when whole blood samples can be ... More
IL-4-/- mice with lethal Mesocestoides corti infections - reduced Th2 cytokines and alternatively activated macrophages
AuthorsO'Connell, AE; Kerepesi, LA; Vandergrift, GL; Herbert, DR; Van Winkle, TJ; Hooper, DC; Pearce, EJ; Abraham, D
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Protection against Mesocestoides corti, a cestode that invades vital organs, is dependent on the production of IL-4, as IL-4-/- mice were found to have higher parasite burdens when compared with wild-type mice. The goal of this study was to investigate the role of IL-4 in immunity to M. corti, focusing ... More
Potassium Bromate Enhances N-Ethyl-N-Hydroxyethylnitrosamine-Induced Kidney Carcinogenesis Only at High Doses in Wistar Rats: Indication of the Existence of an Enhancement Threshold
AuthorsWei, M; Hamoud, AS; Yamaguchi, T; Kakehashi, A; Marimura, K; Doi, K; Kushida, M; Kitano, M; Wanibuchi, H; Fukushima, S
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As susceptibility to carcinogens varies considerably among different strains of experimental animals, evaluation of dose-response relationships for genotoxic carcinogen in different strains is indispensable for risk assessment. Potassium bromate (KBrO(3)) is a genotoxic carcinogen inducing kidney cancers at high doses in male F344 rats, but little is known about its ... More
Interleukin-12 (IL-12), but not IL-23, deficiency ameliorates viral encephalitis without affecting viral control.
The relative contributions of interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-23 to viral pathogenesis have not been extensively studied. IL-12p40 mRNA rapidly increases after neurotropic coronavirus infection. Infection of mice defective in both IL-12 and IL-23 (p40(-/-)), in IL-12 alone (p35(-/-)), and in IL-23 alone (p19(-/-)) revealed that the symptoms of coronavirus-induced encephalitis ... More
Expression of thyroid hormone transporters during critical illness
AuthorsMebis, L; Paletta, D; Debaveye, Y; Ellger, B; Langouche, L; D'Hoore, A; Darras, VM; Visser, TJ; Van den Berghe, G
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Objective: Prolonged critically ill patients have low circulating thyroid hormone (TH) levels Without a rise in TSH. it condition labeled 'the low tri-iodothyronine (T(3)) syndrome'. Currently, it is not clear whether this represents all adaptive response. We examined the role of TH transporters monocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8, also known its ... More
ERp29 Regulates {Delta}F508 and Wild-type Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) Trafficking to the Plasma Membrane in Cystic Fibrosis (CF) and Non-CF Epithelial Cells.
AuthorsSuaud L, Miller K, Alvey L, Yan W, Robay A, Kebler C, Kreindler JL, Guttentag S, Hubbard MJ, Rubenstein RC
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID21525008
Sodium 4-phenylbutyrate (4PBA) improves the intracellular trafficking of DeltaF508-CFTR in cystic fibrosis (CF) epithelial cells. The underlying mechanism is uncertain, but 4PBA modulates the expression of some cytosolic molecular chaperones. To identify other 4PBA-regulated proteins that might regulate DeltaF508-CFTR trafficking, we performed a differential display RT-PCR screen on IB3-1 CF ... More
Differentiation of murine embryonic stem and induced pluripotent stem cells to renal lineage in vitro
AuthorsMorizane, R; Monkawa, T; Itoh, H
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Embryonic stem (ES) cells which have the unlimited proliferative capacity and extensive differentiation potency can be an attractive source for kidney regeneration therapies. Recent breakthroughs in the generation of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells have provided with another potential source for the artificially-generated kidney. The purpose of this study is ... More
In planta multiplication and graft transmission of 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' revealed by Real-Time PCR
AuthorsColetta, HD; Carlos, EF; Alves, KCS; Pereira, MAR; Boscariol-Camargo, RL; de Souza, AA; Machado, MA
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The bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas) is associated with huanglongbing (HLB) in citrus in many countries. Despite the fact that many characteristics of the disease are known, the rate of multiplication of the bacterium within an infected tree is still poorly understood. To study this feature, we used the quantitative ... More
Generation and characterization of chicken bone marrow-derived dendritic cells
Dendritic cells (DCs) are bone marrow-derived professional antigen-presenting cells. The in vitro generation of DCs from either bone marrow or blood is routine in mammals. Their distinct morphology and phenotype and their unique ability to stimulate naive T cells are used to define DCs. In this study, chicken bone marrow ... More
The effects of apelin treatment on skeletal muscle mitochondrial content
AuthorsFrier, BC; Williams, DB; Wright, DC
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Frier BC, Williams DB, Wright DC. The effects of apelin treatment on skeletal muscle mitochondrial content. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 297: R1761-R1768, 2009. First published September 30, 2009; doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00422.2009.-Adipose tissue is recognized as a key player in the regulation of whole body metabolism. Apelin, is a recently ... More
AI-2 signalling is induced by acidic shock in probiotic strains of Lactobacillus spp.
AuthorsMoslehi-Jenabian, S; Gori, K; Jespersen, L
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Survival and ability to respond to various environmental stresses such as low pH are important factors for lactobacilli for their function as probiotics. LuxS-mediated quorum sensing mechanism, which is based on the production of universal signal molecule called autoinducer-2 (AI-2), regulates important physiological traits and a variety of adaptive processes ... More
Changes in the central component of the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis in a rabbit model of prolonged critical illness
Detailed information on probing behavior of the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), is critical for understanding the transmission process of phloem-limited bacteria (Candidatus Liberibacter spp.) associated with citrus 'huanglongbing' by this vector. In this study, we investigated stylet penetration activities of D. citri on seedlings of Citrus ... More
TLR3-mediated NF-κB signaling in human esophageal epithelial cells
AuthorsLim, DM; Narasimhan, S; Michaylira, CZ; Wang, ML
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Lim DM, Narasimhan S, Michaylira CZ, Wang ML. TLR3-mediated NF-κB signaling in human esophageal epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 297: G1172-G1180, 2009. First published September 24, 2009; doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.00065.2009.-Despite its position at the front line against ingested pathogens, very little is presently known about the role of ... More
O-GlcNAcylation Contributes to Augmented Vascular Reactivity Induced by Endothelin 1
O-GlcNAcylation augments vascular contractile responses, and O-GlcNAc-proteins are increased in the vasculature of deoxycorticosterone-acetate salt rats. Because endothelin 1 (ET-1) plays a major role in vascular dysfunction associated with salt-sensitive forms of hypertension, we hypothesized that ET-1-induced changes in vascular contractile responses are mediated by O-GlcNAc modification of proteins. Incubation ... More
Influence of early gut microbiota on the maturation of childhood mucosal and systemic immune responses
Introduction Among sensitized infants, those with high, as compared with low levels, of salivary secretory IgA (SIgA) are less likely to develop allergic symptoms. Also, early colonization with certain gut microbiota, e.g. Lactobacilli and Bifidobacterium species, might be associated with less allergy development. Although animal and in vitro studies emphasize ... More
Organotypic Cultures of Prepubertal Mouse Testes: A Method to Study Androgen Action in Sertoli Cells while Preserving their Natural Environment
Cluster analysis at Postnatal Day 8-20 of putative androgen-regulated genes in mice with Sertoli cell-selective knockout of the androgen receptor (SCARKO) has pinpointed three genes (Spinlw1, Gpd1, Drd4) with an expression pattern strongly resembling that of Rhox5, the definitive Sertoli cell (SC) androgen-regulated gene. We used organotypic testis cultures from ... More
PPARα Ligand WY14643 Reduced Acute Rejection After Rat Lung Transplantation With The Upregulation of IL-4, IL-10 and TGFβ mRNA Expression
AuthorsYanagisawa, J; Shiraishi, T; Iwasaki, A; Maekawa, S; Higuchi, T; Hiratuka, M; Tanaka, T; Shibaguchi, H; Kuroki, M; Shirakusa, T
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Background: The peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor-α (PPARα) is important in lipid metabolism and regulation of inflammation. Recent studies have demonstrated the immunoregulatory effects of PPARα. This investigated the immunosuppressive effects of PPARα using its ligand, WY14643, on acute lung allograft rejection in a rat model and its mechanism of action. ... More
Human fetal pancreatic insulin-producing cells proliferate in vitro
AuthorsJoglekar, MV; Joglekar, VM; Joglekar, SV; Hardikar, AA
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There have been considerable efforts towards understanding the potential of human pancreatic endocrine cells to proliferate and transition into mesenchymal Cell Populations. Since rodent studies have demonstrated that mouse insulin-producing cells do not proliferate ill vitro, a similar possibility has been considered for human islet endocrine cells. Considering the inherent ... More
Species-Specific Differences in the Expression of the HNF1A, HNF1B and HNF4A Genes
AuthorsHarries, LW; Brown, JE; Gloyn, AL
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Background: The HNF1A, HNF1B and HNF4A genes are part of an autoregulatory network in mammalian pancreas, liver, kidney and gut. The layout of this network appears to be similar in rodents and humans, but inactivation of HNF1A, HNF1B or HNF4A genes in animal models cause divergent phenotypes to those seen ... More
Nitro-Fatty Acid Inhibition of Neointima Formation After Endoluminal Vessel Injury
Rationale: Fatty acid nitroalkenes are endogenously generated electrophilic byproducts of nitric oxide and nitrite-dependent oxidative inflammatory reactions. Existing evidence indicates nitroalkenes support posttranslational protein modifications and transcriptional activation that promote the resolution of inflammation. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess whether in vivo administration of a ... More
Shifting Hierarchies of Interleukin-10-Producing T Cell Populations in the Central Nervous System during Acute and Persistent Viral Encephalomyelitis.
AuthorsPuntambekar SS, Bergmann CC, Savarin C, Karp CL, Phares TW, Parra GI, Hinton DR, Stohlman SA
JournalJ Virol
PubMed ID21525347
Interleukin-10 (IL-10) mRNA is rapidly upregulated in the central nervous system (CNS) following infection with neurotropic coronavirus and remains elevated during persistent infection. Infection of transgenic IL-10/green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter mice revealed that CNS-infiltrating T cells were the major source of IL-10, with minimal IL-10 production by macrophages and ... More
Rat Achilles tendon healing: mechanical loading and gene expression.
AuthorsEliasson P, Andersson T, Aspenberg P
JournalJ Appl Physiol
PubMed ID19541731
Injured tendons require mechanical tension for optimal healing, but it is unclear which genes are upregulated and responsible for this effect. We unloaded one Achilles tendon in rats by Botox injections in the calf muscles. The tendon was then transected and left to heal. We studied mechanical properties of the ... More
Estrogen-induced stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1/Cxcl12) expression is repressed by progesterone and by Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators via estrogen receptor α in rat uterine cells and tissues
Endometriosis, defined as the presence of endometrial glands and stroma at extra-uterine sites, is a gynecological condition that affects women of reproductive age. Consistent with its uterine origins, endometriotic lesions and resulting symptoms are hormonally responsive. To investigate Progesterone Receptor (PR)-based therapies, we measured physiological endpoints and gene expression in ... More
Integrative molecular bioinformatics study of human adrenocortical tumors: microRNA, tissue-specific target prediction, and pathway analysis
MicroRNAs (miRs) are involved in the pathogenesis of several neoplasms; however, there are no data on their expression patterns and possible roles in adrenocortical tumors. Our objective was to study adrenocortical tumors by an integrative bioinformatics analysis involving miR and transcriptomics profiling, pathway analysis, and a novel, tissue-specific miR target ... More