Mitochondrial DNA toxicity compromises mitochondrial dynamics and induces hippocampal antioxidant defenses.
AuthorsLauritzen KH, Cheng C, Wiksen H, Bergersen LH, Klungland A,
JournalDNA Repair (Amst)
PubMed ID21550321
'Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles that can be actively transported within the cell to satisfy local requirements. They are vital for providing cellular energy, but are also an important endogenous source of reactive oxygen species. The distribution of mitochondria is particularly important for neurons because of the morphological complexity of ... More
Role of PGC-1a in exercise and fasting-induced adaptations in mouse liver.
'The transcriptional coactivator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-? coactivator (PGC)-1a plays a role in regulation of several metabolic pathways. By use of whole body PGC-1a knockout (KO) mice, we investigated the role of PGC-1a in fasting, acute exercise and exercise training-induced regulation of key proteins in gluconeogenesis and metabolism in the ... More
GDP and carboxyatractylate inhibit 4-hydroxynonenal-activated proton conductance to differing degrees in mitochondria from skeletal muscle and heart.
AuthorsAguirre E, Cadenas S,
JournalBiochim Biophys Acta
PubMed ID20599679
'The lipid peroxidation product 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE) increases the proton conductance of the inner mitochondrial membrane through effects on uncoupling proteins (UCPs) and the adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT); however, the relative contribution of the two carriers to these effects is unclear. To clarify this we isolated mitochondria from skeletal muscle and ... More
Mutation in the mitochondrial tRNA(Val) causes mitochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes.
AuthorsGlatz C, D'Aco K, Smith S, Sondheimer N,
JournalMitochondrion
PubMed ID21540128
An m.1630A>G mutation in the mitochondrial tRNA(Val) (MTTV) was identified in a patient with hearing impairment, short stature and new onset of stroke. This mutation has previously been identified in a patient with the mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalopathy syndrome (MNGIE). The mother of the proband also had high levels of the ... More
Upregulation of mitochondrial Nox4 mediates TGF-ß-induced apoptosis in cultured mouse podocytes.
AuthorsDas R, Xu S, Quan X, Nguyen TT, Kong ID, Chung CH, Lee EY, Cha SK, Park KS,
Journal
PubMed ID24259511
Injury to podocytes leads to the onset of chronic renal diseases characterized by proteinuria. Elevated transforming growth factor (TGF)-ß in kidney tissue is associated with podocyte damage that ultimately results in apoptosis and detachment. We investigated the proapoptotic mechanism of TGF-ß in immortalized mouse podocytes. Exogenous TGF-ß1-induced podocyte apoptosis through ... More
PGC-1{alpha} is required for AICAR-induced expression of GLUT4 and mitochondrial proteins in mouse skeletal muscle.
We tested the hypothesis that repeated activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) induces mitochondrial and glucose membrane transporter mRNA/protein expression via a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1alpha (PGC-1alpha)-dependent mechanism. Whole body PGC-1alpha-knockout (KO) and littermate wild-type (WT) mice were given either single or repeated subcutaneous injections of the AMPK activator AICAR ... More
Identification and characterization of mitochondrial targeting sequence of human apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1.
AuthorsLi M, Zhong Z, Zhu J, Xiang D, Dai N, Cao X, Qing Y, Yang Z, Xie J, Li Z, Baugh L, Wang G, Wang D,
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID20231292
Dually targeted mitochondrial proteins usually possess an unconventional mitochondrial targeting sequence (MTS), which makes them difficult to predict by current bioinformatics approaches. Human apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease (APE1) plays a central role in the cellular response to oxidative stress. It is a dually targeted protein preferentially residing in the nucleus with conditional ... More