Smad6/Smurf1 overexpression in cartilage delays chondrocyte hypertrophy and causes dwarfism with osteopenia.
AuthorsHoriki M, Imamura T, Okamoto M, Hayashi M, Murai J, Myoui A, Ochi T, Miyazono K, Yoshikawa H, Tsumaki N,
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID15123739
'Biochemical experiments have shown that Smad6 and Smad ubiquitin regulatory factor 1 (Smurf1) block the signal transduction of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). However, their in vivo functions are largely unknown. Here, we generated transgenic mice overexpressing Smad6 in chondrocytes. Smad6 transgenic mice showed postnatal dwarfism with osteopenia and inhibition of ... More
Indian hedgehog gene is a target of the bone morphogenetic protein signaling pathway.
AuthorsSeki K, Hata A,
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID14981086
'Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), a large subgroup of the transforming growth factor-beta family of growth factors, are key mediators of many fundamental processes in embryonic development. The BMP target genes mediating these effects and the mechanism of their selective regulation are poorly characterized. In this study, we used a chromatin ... More
Defective transforming growth factor beta signaling pathway in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma as evidenced by the lack of expression of activated Smad2.
AuthorsMuro-Cacho CA, Rosario-Ortiz K, Livingston S, Muñoz-Antonia T,
JournalClin Cancer Res
PubMed ID11410498
Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) regulates cell growth and differentiation, in normal squamous epithelium, via specific TGF-beta receptors and intracellular signaling molecules (Smads). We have previously observed that TGF-beta type II receptor (TbetaR-II) expression decreases in squamous cell carcinomas as tumors become less differentiated and more biologically aggressive. However, a ... More