High-throughput investigation of osteoblast response to polymer crystallinity: influence of nanometer-scale roughness on proliferation.
AuthorsWashburn NR, Yamada KM, Simon CG, Kennedy SB, Amis EJ
JournalBiomaterials
PubMed ID14643595
'A high-throughput method for analyzing cellular response to crystallinity in a polymer material is presented. Variations in crystallinity lead to changes in surface roughness on nanometer length scales, and it is shown that cells are exquisitely sensitive to these changes. Gradients of polymer crystallinity were fabricated on films of poly(L-lactic ... More
CXCR4 function requires membrane cholesterol: implications for HIV infection.
AuthorsNguyen DH, Taub D
JournalJ Immunol
PubMed ID11937572
'HIV requires cholesterol and lipid rafts on target cell membranes for infection. To elucidate a possible mechanism, we determined that cholesterol extraction by hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (BCD) inhibits stromal cell-derived factor 1alpha (SDF-1alpha) binding to CXCR4 on T cell lines and PBMCs. Intracellular calcium responses to SDF-1alpha, as well as receptor internalization, ... More
Lipopolysaccharides induced increases in Fas ligand expression by Kupffer cells via mechanisms dependent on reactive oxygen species.
AuthorsUchikura K, Wada T, Hoshino S, Nagakawa Y, Aiko T, Bulkley GB, Klein AS, Sun Z
JournalAm J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol
PubMed ID15087279
'Fas-Fas ligand (FasL)-dependent pathways exert a suppressive effect on inflammatory responses in immune-privileged organs. FasL expression in hepatic Kupffer cells (KC) has been implicated in hepatic immunoregulation. In this study, modulation of FasL expression of KC by endogenous gut-derived bacterial LPS and the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as ... More
Nicotine induces human neutrophils to produce IL-8 through the generation of peroxynitrite and subsequent activation of NF-kappaB.
AuthorsIho S, Tanaka Y, Takauji R, Kobayashi C, Muramatsu I, Iwasaki H, Nakamura K, Sasaki Y, Nakao K, Takahashi T
JournalJ Leukoc Biol
PubMed ID12960242
Leukocytosis in tobacco smokers has been well recognized; however, the exact cause has not been elucidated. To test the hypothesis that tobacco nicotine stimulates neutrophils in the respiratory tract to produce IL-8, which causes neutrophilia in vivo, we examined whether nicotine induces neutrophil-IL-8 production in vitro; the causative role of ... More