Spectral and photophysical studies of benzo[c]xanthene dyes: dual emission pH sensors.
AuthorsWhitaker JE, Haugland RP, Prendergast FG
JournalAnal Biochem
PubMed ID1862936
'A series of fluorescent, long-wavelength, benzo[c]-xanthene dyes has been characterized for pH measurement in both excitation and emission ratio applications. The two general classes of these indicators are seminaphthofluoresceins (SNAFLs) and seminaphthorhodafluors (SNARFs) which are substituted at the 10-position with oxygen or nitrogen, respectively. These probes show separate emissions from ... More
Characterization of probe binding and comparison of its influence on fluorescence lifetime of two pH-sensitive benzo[c]xanthene dyes using intensity-modulated multiple-wavelength scanning technique.
AuthorsAndersson RM, Carlsson K, Liljeborg A, Brismar H
JournalAnal Biochem
PubMed ID10929815
Quantitative pH imaging using the carboxy seminaphthofluorescein dyes SNAFL-1 and SNAFL-2 can be performed by measurement of intensity ratios or fluorescence lifetimes. However, there is a controversy as to whether the latter method has the practical advantage of a straightforward pH calibration in buffers compared to a cumbersome and time-consuming ... More
A novel fiber-optic pH sensor incorporating carboxy SNAFL-2 and fluorescent wavelength-ratiometric detection.
AuthorsXu Z, Rollins A, Alcala R, Marchant RE
JournalJ Biomed Mater Res
PubMed ID9429091
A fiber-optic pH sensor was prepared using the self-referencing fluorescent pH probe carboxy seminaphtho-fluorescein (SNAFL-2). The ratio of the emission from the base form of this dye and the emission near the isoemissive point is insensitive to variations in the excitation intensity and photobleaching. The carboxy SNAFL-2 and a photoaffinity ... More
Optical measurements of pH using fluorescence lifetimes and phase-modulation fluorometry.
AuthorsSzmacinski H, Lakowicz JR
JournalAnal Chem
PubMed ID8368522
We measured the pH-dependent fluorescence decay times of the seminaphthofluoresceins (SNA-FL), seminaphthorhodafluors (SNARF), and BCE-CF using phase-modulation fluorometry. The phase and modulation values were found to be strongly pH-dependent in the physiological pH range, over the easily accessible range of light modulation frequencies from 10 to 300 MHz, making these ... More
Fluorescence lifetime-resolved pH imaging of living cells.
AuthorsLin HJ, Herman P, Lakowicz JR
JournalCytometry A
PubMed ID12655651
BACKGROUND: The regulation and maintenance of intracellular pH are critical to diverse metabolic functions of the living cells. Fluorescence time-resolved techniques and instrumentations have advanced rapidly and enabled the imaging of intracellular pH based on the fluorescence lifetimes. METHODS: The frequency-domain fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) and fluorophores displaying appropriate ... More