Vapor transport growth of organic solids in microgravity and unit gravity: some comparisons and results to date.
AuthorsZugrav MI, Carswell WE, Haulenbeek GB, Sanghadasa M, O'Brien SK, Ghita BC, Gathings WE
JournalAnn N Y Acad Sci
PubMed ID12446348
'Thin films of an organic nonlinear optical (NLO) material, N, N-dimethyl-p-(2,2-dicyanovinyl) aniline (DCVA), have been grown in space and on the ground by physical vapor transport in an effusive ampoule arrangement. The thin film growth technique developed on the ground is a direct result of information gleaned from experiments in ... More
9-(Dicyanovinyl)julolidine binding to bovine brain calmodulin.
AuthorsIio T, Itakura M, Takahashi S, Sawada S
JournalJ Biochem (Tokyo)
PubMed ID1869503
'A molecular rotor, 9-(dicyanovinyl)julolidine (DCVJ), is a fluorescent dye whose intramolecular rotation determines its fluorescence yield [Kung, C.E. & Reed, J.K. (1989) Biochemistry 28, 6678-6686]. DCVJ binds to bovine brain calmodulin and emits strong fluorescence. In fluorescence titration experiments, the dissociation constant and the number of binding sites were determined ... More
An initial signal of activation of rat peritoneal mast cells stimulated by Datura stramonium agglutinin: a confocal fluorescence microscopic analysis of intracellular calcium ion and cytoskeletal assembly.
AuthorsSuzuki-Nishimura T, Furuno T, Uchida MK, Nakanishi M
JournalJpn J Pharmacol
PubMed ID7532734
'A confocal fluorescence microscope using fluo-3 and 9-(dicyanovinyl)- julolidine (DCVJ) was used to study the mast cell activation by the N-acetyl glucosamine oligomer specific lectin Datura stramonium agglutinin (DSA) and inhibition by antagonist lectins having affinity to N-acetyl glucosamine (GlcNAc). DSA induced a transient increase in intracellular free calcium concentration ... More
AuthorsHill MA, Zou H, Potocnik SJ, Meininger GA, Davis MJ
JournalJ Appl Physiol
PubMed ID11457816
'The smooth muscle of arterioles responds to an increase in intraluminal pressure with vasoconstriction and with vasodilation when pressure is decreased. Such myogenic vasoconstriction provides a level of basal tone that enables arterioles to appropriately adjust diameter in response to neurohumoral stimuli. Key in this process of mechanotransduction is the ... More
A study of aggregation of 9-(dicyano-vinyl)julolidine.
AuthorsBhattacharyya A, Bhattacharya K, Bhattacharyya B, Roy S
JournalIndian J Biochem Biophys
PubMed ID8714216
'Di(cyano vinyl)julolidine (DCVJ) is a fluorescent probe which has been used to monitor the local mobility of its binding sites on proteins. It shows a concentration dependence of its emission spectrum in water. At higher DCVJ concentrations, a longer wavelength band appears. The latter increases relative to the shorter wavelength ... More
A fluorescent molecular rotor probes the kinetic process of degranulation of mast cells.
AuthorsFuruno T, Isoda R, Inagaki K, Iwaki T, Noji M, Nakanishi M
JournalImmunol Lett
PubMed ID1428004
'A confocal fluorescence microscope was used to study the exocytotic secretory processes of mast cells in combination with an fluorescent molecular rotor, 9-(dicyanovinyl)julolidine (DCVJ). DCVJ is known to be an unique fluorescent dye which increases its quantum yield with decreasing intramolecular rotation. Here, DCVJ-loaded peritoneal rat mast cells were stimulated ... More
Rate sensitivity of shear-induced changes in the lateral diffusion of endothelial cell membrane lipids: a role for membrane perturbation in shear-induced MAPK activation.
AuthorsButler PJ, Tsou TC, Li JY, Usami S, Chien S
JournalFASEB J
PubMed ID11744620
'Vascular endothelium transduces the temporal gradients in shear stress (tau) originating from unsteady blood flow into functional responses. We measured the effects of step-tau and ramp-tau (i.e., t with different temporal shear gradients) on the lipid lateral diffusion coefficient (D) in the apical membranes of confluent cultured bovine aortic endothelial ... More
Fluid shear stress increases membrane fluidity in endothelial cells: a study with DCVJ fluorescence.
AuthorsHaidekker MA, L'Heureux N, Frangos JA
JournalAm J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol
PubMed ID10749738
'Fluid shear stress (FSS) has been shown to be an ubiquitous stimulator of mammalian cell metabolism. Although many of the intracellular signal transduction pathways have been characterized, the primary mechanoreceptor for FSS remains unknown. One hypothesis is that the cytoplasmic membrane acts as the receptor for FSS, leading to increased ... More
Role of integrins in endothelial mechanosensing of shear stress.
AuthorsShyy JY, Chien S
JournalCirc Res
PubMed ID12411390
'The focal pattern of atherosclerotic lesions in arterial vessels suggests that local blood flow patterns are important factors in atherosclerosis. Although disturbed flows in the branches and curved regions are proatherogenic, laminar flows in the straight parts are atheroprotective. Results from in vitro studies on cultured vascular endothelial cells with ... More
Cell mechanics and mechanotransduction: pathways, probes, and physiology.
AuthorsHuang H, Kamm RD, Lee RT
JournalAm J Physiol Cell Physiol
PubMed ID15189819
'Cells face not only a complex biochemical environment but also a diverse biomechanical environment. How cells respond to variations in mechanical forces is critical in homeostasis and many diseases. The mechanisms by which mechanical forces lead to eventual biochemical and molecular responses remain undefined, and unraveling this mystery will undoubtedly ... More
Monitoring biophysical properties of lipid membranes by environment-sensitive fluorescent probes.
AuthorsDemchenko AP, Mély Y, Duportail G, Klymchenko AS,
JournalBiophys J
PubMed ID19413953
We review the main trends in the development of fluorescence probes to obtain information about the structure, dynamics, and interactions in biomembranes. These probes are efficient for studying the microscopic analogs of viscosity, polarity, and hydration, as well as the molecular order, environment relaxation, and electrostatic potentials at the sites ... More
Fluorescent rotors and their applications to the study of G-F transformation of actin.
AuthorsSawada S, Iio T, Hayashi Y, Takahashi S
JournalAnal Biochem
PubMed ID1514677
New fluorescent rotor molecules having hydrophilic functional groups, which are derivatives of p-(N,N-dialkylamino)benzylidenemalononitrile, were synthesized. Their properties as fluorescent rotors were confirmed by an observation of solvent viscosity-dependent fluorescence. Incorporation of hydrophilic groups into the molecules increased the solubility of fluorescent rotors in aqueous media; the application of the compounds ... More
A fluorescence-based high-throughput assay for antimicrotubule drugs.
AuthorsBarron DM, Chatterjee SK, Ravindra R, Roof R, Baloglu E, Kingston DG, Bane S
JournalAnal Biochem
PubMed ID12672411
With the advent of combinatorial chemistry and the extensive libraries of potential drugs produced from it, there is a growing need for rapid sensitive, high-throughput screening for drug potency. Microtubules are important targets for anticancer agents, and new antimicrotubule compounds are of continued interest in drug development. The in vitro ... More
A novel approach to blood plasma viscosity measurement using fluorescent molecular rotors.
AuthorsHaidekker MA, Tsai AG, Brady T, Stevens HY, Frangos JA, Theodorakis E, Intaglietta M
JournalAm J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol
PubMed ID11959622
Molecular rotors, a group of fluorescent molecules with viscosity-dependent quantum yield, were tested for their suitability to act as fluorescence-based plasma viscometers. The viscosity of samples of human plasma was modified by the addition of pentastarch (molecular mass 260 kDa, 10% solution in saline) and measured with a Brookfield viscometer. ... More
Composition, biophysical properties, and morphometry of plasma membranes in pulmonary interstitial edema.
AuthorsPalestini P, Calvi C, Conforti E, Botto L, Fenoglio C, Miserocchi G
JournalAm J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol
PubMed ID12003796
We evaluated the changes in plasma membrane composition, biophysical properties, and morphology of pulmonary endothelial cells in anesthetized rabbits receiving 0.5 ml. kg(-1). min(-1) saline infusion for 180 min, causing mild interstitial edema. Plasma membrane fractions were obtained from lung homogenates with gradient centrifugation, allowing a sixfold enrichment in caveolin-1. ... More
Role of hyaluronic acid glycosaminoglycans in shear-induced endothelium-derived nitric oxide release.
AuthorsMochizuki S, Vink H, Hiramatsu O, Kajita T, Shigeto F, Spaan JA, Kajiya F
JournalAm J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol
PubMed ID12730059
Endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized in response to chemical and physical stimuli. Here, we investigated a possible role of the endothelial cell glycocalyx as a biomechanical sensor that triggers endothelial NO production by transmitting flow-related shear forces to the endothelial membrane. Isolated canine femoral arteries were perfused with a ... More
Relationships between caveolae and eNOS: everything in proximity and the proximity of everything.
AuthorsGoligorsky MS, Li H, Brodsky S, Chen J
JournalAm J Physiol Renal Physiol
PubMed ID12060581
Caveolae, flask-shaped invaginations of the plasma membrane occupying up to 30% of cell surface in capillaries, represent a predominant location of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in endothelial cells. The caveolar coat protein caveolin forms high-molecular-weight, Triton-insoluble complexes through oligomerization mediated by interactions between NH2-terminal residues 61-101. eNOS is targeted ... More
Antibodies for fluorescent molecular rotors.
AuthorsIwaki T, Torigoe C, Noji M, Nakanishi M
JournalBiochemistry
PubMed ID8338855
We have prepared monoclonal antibodies for the fluorescent molecular rotors 9-(2-carboxy-2-cyanovinyl)julolidine (CCVJ) and 9-(dicyanovinyl)julolidine (DCVJ). Mouse monoclonal antibody (IgG2b) prepared against CCVJ-conjugated bovine serum albumin strongly bound CCVJ and DCVJ. The CCVJ (or DCVJ) binding to IgG and Fab was accompanied by a drastic increase in fluorescence quantum yield, suggesting ... More
Fluorescence energy transfer measurement of distances between ligand binding sites of tubulin and its implication for protein-protein interaction.
AuthorsBhattacharya A, Bhattacharyya B, Roy S
JournalProtein Sci
PubMed ID8897603
9-(Dicyanovinyl) julolidine (DCVJ) is a fluorescent probe, which binds to a unique site on the tubulin dimer and exhibits different properties that are dependent upon its oligomeric state (Kung & Reed, 1989). DCVJ binds to tubulin, the tubulin-colchicine complex, and the tubulin-ruthenium red complex equally well, but binds tighter to ... More
Nonlinear flow affects hydrodynamic forces and neutrophil adhesion rates in cone-plate viscometers.
AuthorsShankaran H, Neelamegham S
JournalBiophys J
PubMed ID11371440
We present a theoretical and experimental analysis of the effects of nonlinear flow in a cone-plate viscometer. The analysis predicts that flow in the viscometer is a function of two parameters, the Reynolds number and the cone angle. Nonlinear flow occurs at high shear rates and causes spatial variations in ... More
Evidence for shear-induced increase in membrane fluidity in the dinoflagellate Lingulodinium polyedrum.
AuthorsMallipattu SK, Haidekker MA, Von Dassow P, Latz MI, Frangos JA
JournalJ Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol
PubMed ID12073085
Fluid shear stress has been demonstrated to affect the structure and function of various cell types. In mammalian cells, it was hypothesized that shear-induced membrane fluidization leads to activation of heterotrimetric G-proteins. The purpose of this study was to determine if a similar mechanism exists in the dinoflagellate Lingulodinium polyedrum, ... More
Fluorescent molecular rotors: a new class of probes for tubulin structure and assembly.
AuthorsKung CE, Reed JK
JournalBiochemistry
PubMed ID2790023
9-(Dicyanovinyl)julolidine (DCVJ) is a fluorescent dye whose intramolecular rotational relaxation is solvent dependent. Since its quantum yield increases with decreasing free volume, this molecule has been very useful in monitoring synthetic polymer reactions and measuring local microviscosity changes in phospholipid bilayers [Loutfy, R. O. (1986) Pure Appl. Chem. 58, 1239-1248; ... More
Shear stress induces a time- and position-dependent increase in endothelial cell membrane fluidity.
AuthorsButler PJ, Norwich G, Weinbaum S, Chien S
JournalAm J Physiol Cell Physiol
PubMed ID11245613
Blood flow-associated shear stress may modulate cellular processes through its action on the plasma membrane. We quantified the spatial and temporal aspects of the effects of shear stress (tau) on the lipid fluidity of 1,1'-dihexadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate [DiIC(16)(13)]-stained plasma membranes of bovine aortic endothelial cells in a flow chamber. A confocal ... More