'We recently reported that hypothermia protects against intrapulmonary nitric oxide overproduction and nitric oxide-mediated lung injury in endotoxemic rats. Few studies have been performed to investigate whether hypothermia reduces inflammation by affecting favorable changes in chemokine and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine profiles. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that ... More
Transient maintenance in bioreactor improves health of neuronal cells.
AuthorsDi Loreto S, Sebastiani P, Benedetti E, Zimmitti V, Caracciolo V, Amicarelli F, Cimini A, Adorno D
JournalIn Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim
PubMed ID16848632
'To examine whether a neuronal cell suspension can be held in vitro for a relatively short period without compromising survival rates and functionality, we have set up an experimental protocol planning 24 h of suspension culture in a rotary wall vessel (RWV) bioreactor before plating in a conventional adherent system. ... More
Interleukin-1 mediates endothelin-1-induced fever and prostaglandin production in the preoptic area of rats.
'The intracerebroventricular injection of endothelin-1 (ET-1) induces fever and increases PG levels in the cerebrospinal fluid of rats. Likewise, the injection of IL-1 into the preoptic area (POA) of the rat hypothalamus causes both fever and increased PG production. In this study, we conducted in vivo and in vitro experiments ... More
Effects of transient loss of shear stress on blood-brain barrier endothelium: role of nitric oxide and IL-6.
AuthorsKrizanac-Bengez L, Kapural M, Parkinson F, Cucullo L, Hossain M, Mayberg MR, Janigro D
JournalBrain Res
PubMed ID12834884
'Loss of blood-brain barrier (BBB) function may contribute to post-ischemic cerebral injury by yet unknown mechanisms. Ischemia is associated with anoxia, aglycemia and loss of flow (i.e. shearing forces). We tested the hypothesis that loss of shear stress alone does not acutely affect BBB function due to a protective cascade ... More
Cardiac effects of burn injury complicated by aspiration pneumonia-induced sepsis.
AuthorsWhite J, Thomas J, Maass DL, Horton JW
JournalAm J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol
PubMed ID12637356
'Early fluid resuscitation, antimicrobials, early excision, and grafting have improved survival in the early postburn period; however, a significant incidence of pneumonia-related sepsis occurs after burn injury, often progressing to multiple organ failure. Recent studies have suggested that this initial injury (burn injury) primes the subject, producing an exaggerated response ... More
Novel glucocorticoid effects on acute inflammation in the CNS.
AuthorsDinkel K, MacPherson A, Sapolsky RM
JournalJ Neurochem
PubMed ID12562515
'The CNS can mount an inflammatory reaction to excitotoxic insults that contributes to the emerging brain damage. Therefore, anti-inflammatory drugs should be beneficial in neurological insults. In contrast, glucocorticoids (GCs), while known for their anti-inflammatory effects, can exacerbate neurotoxicity in the hippocampus after excitotoxic insults. We investigated the effect of ... More
Effects of dexamethasone on rat dendritic cell function.
AuthorsButts CL, Shukair SA, Duncan KM, Harris CW, Belyavskaya E, Sternberg EM
JournalHorm Metab Res
PubMed ID17578756
'Glucocorticoids have been reported to affect immunity at varying concentrations. While glucocorticoids have shown profound effects on innate immunity, their effects on rat dendritic cells have not been fully examined. In this study, we evaluated the effects of the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone on cultured rat dendritic cells (DCs) from spleen ... More
AuthorsCarlson D, Maass DL, White DJ, Tan J, Horton JW
JournalAm J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol
PubMed ID16844910
'This study examined the effects of antioxidant vitamins on several aspects of sepsis-related myocardial signaling cascades. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: group 1, vehicle-treated shams; group 2, sham-operated rats given antioxidant vitamins (vitamin C, 24 mg/kg; vitamin E, 20 U/kg; vitamin A, 417 U/kg; and zinc, 3.7 ng/kg) ... More
Astaxanthine secured apoptotic death of PC12 cells induced by beta-amyloid peptide 25-35: its molecular action targets.
'Astaxanthine (ASTx) is a novel carotenoid nutraceutical occurring in many crustaceans and red yeasts. It has potent antioxidant, photoprotective, hepatodetoxicant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Documented effect of ASTx on treatment of neurodegenerative disease is still lacking. We used the beta-amyloid peptide (Abeta) 25-35-treated PC12 model to investigate the neuron-protective effect of ... More
LF15-0195 prevents the induction and inhibits the progression of rat anti-GBM disease.
AuthorsTesch GH, Hill PA, Wei M, Nikolic-Paterson DJ, Dutartre P, Atkins RC
JournalKidney Int
PubMed ID11576349
'LF15-0195 is a novel immunosuppressant that is currently in phase II clinical trials for the treatment of vasculitis. This study examined whether LF15-0195 could suppress the induction and progression of rat anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) glomerulonephritis.' ... More
The effects of a new human leukocyte elastase inhibitor (recombinant guamerin) on cerulein-induced pancreatitis in rats.
AuthorsJo YJ, Choi HS, Jun DW, Lee OY, Kang JS, Park IG, Jung KH, Hahm JS
JournalInt Immunopharmacol
PubMed ID18486906
'Pancreatic and neutrophil elastase can aggravate or induce acute pancreatitis. Although increased elastase levels in the plasma of pancreatitis patients and animal models have been reported, the mechanism by which elastase is involved in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis has not yet been elucidated. We aimed to investigate the effects ... More
Peritransplant and long-term secretion of interleukin-1beta in cyclosporine treated syngeneic rats allografted with islets of langerhans.
AuthorsGürol AO, Kursun AO, Süzergöz F, Küçüksezer UC, Kiran B, Kaya S, Küçük M, Deniz G, Yilmaz MT
JournalTransplant Proc
PubMed ID15964419
'Interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) is one of the proinflammatory cytokines that may mediate primary nonfunction of islets of Langerhans, limiting the success of allogeneic transplantation. The aim of this study was to assess differences between the secretion of IL-1beta as well as glycemia in peri- and long-term periods of intraportal islet allo-transplantation ... More
Caspase inhibition reduces cardiac myocyte dyshomeostasis and improves cardiac contractile function after major burn injury.
AuthorsCarlson DL, Maass DL, White J, Sikes P, Horton JW
JournalJ Appl Physiol (1985)
PubMed ID17431085
'In the heart, thermal injury activates a group of intracellular cysteine proteases known as caspases, which have been suggested to contribute to myocyte inflammation and dyshomeostasis. In this study, Sprague-Dawley rats were given either a third-degree burn over 40% total body surface area plus conventional fluid resuscitation or sham burn ... More
San-Huang-Xie-Xin-Tang attenuates inflammatory responses in lipopolysaccharide-exposed rat lungs.
AuthorsLo YC, Lin YL, Yu KL, Lai YH, Wu YC, Ann LM, Chen IJ
JournalJ Ethnopharmacol
PubMed ID15878812
'In this study, the potential anti-inflammatory effect of San-Huang-Xie-Xin-Tang (SHXT) and its main component baicalin on LPS-induced lung injury were investigated and compared to the profile of dexamethasone (DEXA) in a pre-clinical animal model. Post-treatment with SHXT (75 mg/kg), baicalin (1.5 mg/kg) and DEXA (0.5 mg/kg), significantly inhibited LPS-induced hypotension, ... More
Effects of post-treatment with low-dose propofol on inflammatory responses to lipopolysaccharide-induced shock in conscious rats.
AuthorsHsu BG, Yang FL, Lee RP, Peng TC, Chen HI
JournalClin Exp Pharmacol Physiol
PubMed ID15730430
'1. In the present study, we used a low dose of propofol (5 mg/kg per h) to investigate its effects on the pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1beta and IL-10) and changes in nitric oxide (NO) following lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for a period of 12 h in conscious rats. ... More
Selective downregulation of hepatic cytochrome P450 expression and activity in a rat model of inflammatory pain.
This study was designed to examine the effect of Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA)-induced inflammation on liver P450 expression and activities in the first 7 days that followed a single FCA injection in the rat hindpaw. ... More
Determination of systemically & locally induced periodontal defects in rats.
AuthorsKeles GG, Acikgoz G, Ayas B, Sakallioglu E, Firatli E
JournalIndian J Med Res
PubMed ID15802760
The role of lathyrogens on bone metabolism is unclear, therefore we undertook this study to observe periodontal and systemic alterations in experimental lathyrism in rat and compare these changes to that observed in the locally induced periodontitis group. ... More
Taurine and proliferation of lymphocytes in physically restrained rats.
AuthorsFazzino F, Obregón F, Lima L
JournalJ Biomed Sci
PubMed ID20804599
Taurine is present in lymphocytes and seems to modulate certain immune cell functions. Among the effects of taurine on these cells are protection against antioxidants and regulation of inflammatory aspects of the immune response. Stress affects antigen presentation, traffic and proliferation of leukocytes, as well as antibody and cytokine secretion. ... More
Postoperative pain impairs subsequent performance on a spatial memory task via effects on N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor in aged rats.
AuthorsChi H, Kawano T, Tamura T, Iwata H, Takahashi Y, Eguchi S, Yamazaki F, Kumagai N, Yokoyama M,
Journal
PubMed ID24211778
Pain may be associated with postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD); however, this relationship remains under investigated. Therefore, we examined the impact of postoperative pain on cognitive functions in aged animals. Rats were allocated to the following groups: control (C), 1.2 % isoflurane for 2 hours alone (I), I with laparotomy (IL), ... More
Differential expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, endothelin-1 and nitric oxide synthases in the rat carotid body exposed to intermittent hypoxia.
AuthorsDel Rio R, Moya EA, Iturriaga R,
JournalBrain Res
PubMed ID21555119
The enhanced carotid body (CB) chemosensory response to hypoxia induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) has been attributed to oxidative stress, which is expected to increase the expression of chemosensory modulators including chemoexcitatory pro-inflammatory cytokines in the CB. Accordingly, we studied the time-course of the changes in the immunohistological expression ... More
In vitro biophysical strain model for understanding mechanisms of osteopathic manipulative treatment.
AuthorsDodd JG, Good MM, Nguyen TL, Grigg AI, Batia LM, Standley PR,
JournalJ Am Osteopath Assoc
PubMed ID16585384
Normal physiologic movement, pathologic conditions, and osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) are believed to produce effects on the shape and proliferation of human fibroblasts. Studies of biophysically strained fibroblasts would be useful in producing a model of the cellular mechanisms underlying OMT. To investigate the effects of acyclic in vitro biophysical ... More
Substance P receptor blockade decreases stretch-induced lung cytokines and lung injury in rats.
AuthorsBrégeon F, Steinberg JG, Andreotti N, Sabatier JM, Delpierre S, Ravailhe S, Jammes Y,
JournalJ Physiol
PubMed ID20176632
Overdistension of lung tissue during mechanical ventilation causes cytokine release, which may be facilitated by the autonomic nervous system. We used mechanical ventilation to cause lung injury in rats, and studied how cervical section of the vagus nerve, or substance P (SP) antagonism, affected the injury. The effects of 40 ... More
Fifty hertz extremely low-frequency magnetic field exposure elicits redox and trophic response in rat-cortical neurons.
AuthorsDi Loreto S, Falone S, Caracciolo V, Sebastiani P, D'Alessandro A, Mirabilio A, Zimmitti V, Amicarelli F,
JournalJ Cell Physiol
PubMed ID19115234
Large research activity has raised around the mechanisms of interaction between extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MFs) and biological systems. ELF-MFs may interfere with chemical reactions involving reactive oxygen species (ROS), thus facilitating oxidative damages in living cells. Cortical neurons are particularly susceptible to oxidative stressors and are also highly dependent ... More
Dynamic regulation of microglial functions by the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug NCX 2216: implications for chronic treatments of neurodegenerative diseases.
AuthorsBernardo A, Gasparini L, Ongini E, Minghetti L
JournalNeurobiol Dis
PubMed ID16307889
The nitric oxide-releasing derivative of flurbiprofen, NCX 2216, has a safer gastrointestinal profile than the parent drug flurbiprofen and a strong anti-amyloidogenic activity. Here, we show that in primary microglial cultures, in addition to the expected inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis, NCX 2216 specifically activated the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma), a ... More
Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 Tat protein induces nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB activation and oxidative stress in microglial cultures by independent mechanisms.
AuthorsNicolini A, Ajmone-Cat MA, Bernardo A, Levi G, Minghetti L
JournalJ Neurochem
PubMed ID11701774
We have extended our previous findings and shown that human immunodeficiency virus Tat protein, in addition to nitric oxide (NO), stimulated rat microglial cultures to release pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1beta and tumour necrosis factor-alpha in a nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB-dependent manner. At the same time, Tat stimulated the accumulation of free radicals, ... More
Interleukin-4 downregulates the cyclic tensile stress-induced matrix metalloproteinases-13 and cathepsin B expression by rat normal chondrocytes.
AuthorsDoi H, Nishida K, Yorimitsu M, Komiyama T, Kadota Y, Tetsunaga T, Yoshida A, Kubota S, Takigawa M, Ozaki T
JournalActa Med Okayama
PubMed ID18464888
Mechanical stress plays a key role in the pathogenesis of cartilage destruction seen in osteoarthritis (OA). We investigated the effect of cyclic tensile stress (CTS) on the anabolic and catabolic gene expression of rat cultured normal chondrocytes using the Flexercell strain unit. The effects of interleukin (IL)-4, a chondroprotective cytokine, ... More
Preventive effects of multisensory rehabilitation on development of cognitive dysfunction following systemic inflammation in aged rats.
AuthorsKawano T, Morikawa A, Imori S, Waki S, Tamura T, Yamanaka D, Yamazaki F, Yokoyama M,
Journal
PubMed ID24442128
Systemic inflammation can trigger transient or longer-lasting cognitive impairments, particularly in elderly patients. However, its pathogenesis has not been sufficiently clarified. In this study, we explored the potential effects of multisensory rehabilitation on cognitive dysfunction following systemic inflammation using an animal model. Aged male Wister rats were randomly injected intraperitoneally ... More
Effects of burn injury on myocardial signaling and cytokine secretion: Possible role of PKC.
AuthorsTan J, Maass DL, White DJ, Horton JW
JournalAm J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol
PubMed ID16990486
This study examined the effects of major burn injury on the cellular distribution of several PKC isoforms in adult rat hearts and examined the hypothesis that PKC plays a regulatory role in cardiomyocyte cytokine secretion. Burn trauma was given over 40% total body surface area in Sprague-Dawley rats. An in ... More
Selective decontamination of the digestive tract attenuated the myocardial inflammation and dysfunction that occur with burn injury.
AuthorsHorton JW, Tan J, White DJ, Maass DL, Thomas JA
JournalAm J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol
PubMed ID15256371
This study examined the effects of oral antibiotics to selectively decontaminate the digestive tract (SDD) on postburn myocardial signaling, inflammation, and function. We hypothesized that antibiotic therapy to eliminate pathogens from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract would reduce myocardial inflammatory responses and improve postburn myocardial performance. Sprague-Dawley rats received polymyxin E ... More
Expression of phosphatidylserine receptor and down-regulation of pro-inflammatory molecule production by its natural ligand in rat microglial cultures.
AuthorsDe SR, Ajmone-Cat MA, Nicolini A, Minghetti L
JournalJ Neuropathol Exp Neurol
PubMed ID11895038
Exposure of phosphatidylserine (PS), an aminophospholipid normally sequestered in the inner leaflet of plasma membrane, is one of the crucial steps in the recognition and ingestion of apoptotic cells by macrophages. The recognition of PS on apoptotic cells by peripheral macrophages is mediated by a phosphatidylserine-specific receptor (PtdSerR), which has ... More
Methylglyoxal induces oxidative stress-dependent cell injury and up-regulation of interleukin-1beta and nerve growth factor in cultured hippocampal neuronal cells.
AuthorsDi Loreto S, Caracciolo V, Colafarina S, Sebastiani P, Gasbarri A, Amicarelli F
JournalBrain Res
PubMed ID15051519
Methylglyoxal (MG) is one of the most powerful glycating agents of proteins and other important cellular components and has been shown to be toxic to cultured cells. Under hyperglycaemic conditions, an increase in the concentration of MG has been observed in human body fluids and tissues that seems to be ... More
Downregulation of glucocorticoid receptors of liver cytosols and the role of the inflammatory cytokines in pathological stress in scalded rats.
AuthorsLiu DH, Su YP, Zhang W, Lou SF, Ran XZ, Gao JS, Cheng TM
JournalBurns
PubMed ID12052369
Preliminary experiments indicated that target cells were resistant to glucocorticoid (GC) after pathological stress. This study was designed to investigate the alterations in plasma corticosterone level and GC receptor (GR) of liver cytosols, to assess the relative inflammatory cytokines contribution to GC resistant, and to observe the action of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating ... More
Propofol exerts protective effects on the acute lung injury induced by endotoxin in rats.
AuthorsChu CH, David Liu D, Hsu YH, Lee KC, Chen HI
JournalPulm Pharmacol Ther
PubMed ID16713316
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a major culprit of mortality in endotoxemia. Propofol has been commonly used in critical ill patients for sedation. This experiment attempted to elucidate the effects and possible mechanisms of propofol on the ALI induced by endotoxin. Experimentations were carried out using anesthetized, ventilated rats and ... More
Role of cytosolic vs. mitochondrial Ca2+ accumulation in burn injury-related myocardial inflammation and function.
AuthorsMaass DL, White J, Sanders B, Horton JW
JournalAm J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol
PubMed ID15388497
This study was designed to examine the role of mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis in burn-related myocardial inflammation. We hypothesized that mitochondrial Ca2+ is a primary modulator of cardiomyocyte TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-6 responses to injury and infection. Ventricular myocytes were prepared by Langendorff perfusion of hearts from adult rats subjected to ... More
N-acetylcysteine abrogates acute lung injury induced by endotoxin.
AuthorsKao SJ, Wang D, Lin HI, Chen HI
JournalClin Exp Pharmacol Physiol
PubMed ID16445696
1. Acute lung injury (ALI) or acute respiratory distress syndrome is a serious clinical problem with high mortality. N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) is an anti-oxidant and a free radical scavenger. It has been reported recently that NAC ameliorates organ damage induced by endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide; LPS) in conscious rats. The present study was ... More
Beneficial effects of enriched environment on adolescent rats from stressed pregnancies.
AuthorsLaviola G, Rea M, Morley-Fletcher S, Di Carlo S, Bacosi A, De Simone R, Bertini M, Pacifici R
JournalEur J Neurosci
PubMed ID15355333
The capacity of an early environmental intervention to normalize the behavioural and immunological dysfunctions produced by a stressed pregnancy was investigated. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats underwent three 45-min sessions per day of prenatal restraint stress (PS) on gestation days 11-21, and their offspring were assigned to either an enriched-environment or standard ... More
Nuclear factor-kappaB and advanced glycation end-products expression in lacrimal glands of aging rats.
AuthorsAlves M, Cunha DA, Calegari VC, Saad MJ, Boschero AC, Velloso LA, Rocha EM
JournalJ Endocrinol
PubMed ID16214951
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) increase with aging and induce signaling alterations that lead to inflammation and dysfunction in several tissues. Aging reduces function and insulin signaling in lacrimal glands (LGs). To evaluate whether AGE signaling and insulin secretion in LGs are altered in aging, 24- and 2-month-old male Wistar ... More
Differential effects of the nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug flurbiprofen and its nitric oxide-releasing derivative, nitroflurbiprofen, on prostaglandin E(2), interleukin-1beta, and nitric oxide synthesis by activated microglia.
AuthorsAjmone-Cat MA, Nicolini A, Minghetti L
JournalJ Neurosci Res
PubMed ID11746392
Increasing experimental, clinical, and epidemiological studies point to the pivotal role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of acute and chronic neurodegenerative diseases and to the protective effects of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) therapies. Nonetheless, NSAID long-term therapies are limited by their significant adverse effects on gastrointestinal tract and kidneys. Nitroflurbiprofen ... More
Endotoxin-induced acute lung injury is enhanced in rats with spontaneous hypertension.
AuthorsLiu DD, Hsu YH, Chen HI
JournalClin Exp Pharmacol Physiol
PubMed ID17201737
1. Acute lung injury (ALI), or acute respiratory distress syndrome, is a major cause of mortality in endotoxaemia. The present study tested whether the endotoxaemia-induced changes and associated ALI were enhanced in rats with established hypertension and to examine the possible mechanisms involved. 2. Fifty spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and ... More
Loss of shear stress induces leukocyte-mediated cytokine release and blood-brain barrier failure in dynamic in vitro blood-brain barrier model.
AuthorsKrizanac-Bengez L, Mayberg MR, Cunningham E, Hossain M, Ponnampalam S, Parkinson FE, Janigro D
JournalJ Cell Physiol
PubMed ID15920760
Brain ischemia is associated with an acute release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, notably TNF-alpha and IL-6 and failure of the blood-brain barrier. Shear stress, hypoxia-hypoglycemia, and blood leukocytes play a significant role in blood-brain barrier failure during transient or permanent ischemia. However, these mechanisms have not been studied as independent variables ... More
Progesterone inhibits mature rat dendritic cells in a receptor-mediated fashion.
AuthorsButts CL, Shukair SA, Duncan KM, Bowers E, Horn C, Belyavskaya E, Tonelli L, Sternberg EM
JournalInt Immunol
PubMed ID17289656
A variety of extraimmune system factors, including hormones, play a critical role in regulating immunity. Progesterone has been shown to affect immunity in rodents and humans, mainly at concentrations commensurate with pregnancy. These effects are primarily mediated via the progesterone receptor (PR), which acts as a transcription factor, although non-genomic ... More