Microfluidic actuation using electrochemically generated bubbles.
AuthorsHua SZ, Sachs F, Yang DX, Chopra HD
JournalAnal Chem
PubMed ID12510764
Bubble-based actuation in microfluidic applications is attractive owing to elementary microfabrication requirements. In the present study, the mechanical and chemical characteristics of electrochemically generated bubble valves were studied. By generating electrochemical bubbles as valves directly inside the channel, valves could be closed and opened in milliseconds. Whereas bubble inflation (or ... More
In situ single-molecule imaging with attoliter detection using objective total internal reflection confocal microscopy.
AuthorsBurghardt TP, Ajtai K, Borejdo J
JournalBiochemistry
PubMed ID16566579
Confocal microscopy is widely used for acquiring high spatial resolution tissue sample images of interesting fluorescent molecules inside cells. The fluorescent molecules are often tagged proteins participating in a biological function. The high spatial resolution of confocal microscopy compared to wide field imaging comes from an ability to optically isolate ... More