The main reason for DNA cleavage reaction failure is the presence of contaminating inhibitors in the template DNA (for example: phenol, chloroform, detergents, ethanol, excess salts, EDTA, etc.). The best way to troubleshoot is to perform control reactions:
1) negative control (experimental DNA in the reaction buffer without the restriction enzyme) to access degradation of DNA by contaminants in the DNA template and/or reaction buffer
2) positive control reaction I (digestion of highly pure control DNA with the restriction enzyme) to access reaction conditions and enzyme activity
3) positive control reaction II (highly pure control DNA + experimental DNA + Restriction Enzyme) to access possible issues with the experimental DNA.
In addition, please check for sensitivity of the restriction enzymes to template DNA methylation.
Find additional tips, troubleshooting help, and resources within our
Restriction Enzyme Cloning Support Center.