The organization of acromiodeltoid and spinodeltoid motor nuclei in rat spinal cord.
AuthorsChoi JY,Hoover JE
JournalBrain research
PubMed ID8949938
Developmental shift in the relative percentages of lung fibroblast subsets: role of apoptosis postseptation.
AuthorsAwonusonu F,Srinivasan S,Strange J,Al-Jumaily W,Bruce MC
JournalThe American journal of physiology
PubMed ID10516228
Antisense inhibition of hyaluronan synthase-2 in human articular chondrocytes inhibits proteoglycan retention and matrix assembly.
AuthorsNishida Y,Knudson CB,Nietfeld JJ,Margulis A,Knudson W
JournalThe Journal of biological chemistry
PubMed ID10419509
Organization of long-range inhibitory connections with rat visual cortex.
AuthorsMcDonald CT, Burkhalter A
JournalJ Neurosci
PubMed ID7678860
We have studied the laminar organization of local long-range inhibitory connections within rat primary visual cortex (area 17) by combining retrograde tracing of nerve cell bodies with glutamic acid decarboxylase immunocytochemistry. While most inhibitory connections are confined to within 0.4 mm of the injection site, a subset of neurons at ... More
Induction of neurogenesis in the neocortex of adult mice.
AuthorsMagavi SS, Leavitt BR, Macklis JD
JournalNature
PubMed ID10879536
'Neurogenesis normally only occurs in limited areas of the adult mammalian brain--the hippocampus, olfactory bulb and epithelium, and at low levels in some regions of macaque cortex. Here we show that endogenous neural precursors can be induced in situ to differentiate into mature neurons, in regions of adult mammalian neocortex ... More
Seeing the trees in the forest: selective electroporation of adipocytes within adipose tissue.
AuthorsGranneman JG, Li P, Lu Y, Tilak J
JournalAm J Physiol Endocrinol Metab
PubMed ID15126244
'Electroporation has been recently adapted for the transfer of macromolecules into cells of tissues in vivo. Although mature adipocytes constitute <20% of cells residing in adipose tissue, we hypothesized that fat cells might be susceptible to selective electrotransfer of plasmid DNA owing to their large size relative to other cells ... More
Microinjected antibodies interfere with protein nucleocytoplasmic shuttling by distinct molecular mechanisms.
AuthorsMarg A, Meyer T, Vigneron M, Vinkemeier U,
JournalCytometry A
PubMed ID18773464
'The observation that some antibodies can enter the nucleus after their microinjection into the cytoplasm established the principle of protein nucleocytoplasmic shuttling. Here, we introduce the concept of stationary antibodies for studying nuclear transport, particularly of native proteins. Contrary to the aforementioned translocating immunoglobulins, stationary antibodies do not cross the ... More
Primitive adult hematopoietic stem cells can function as osteoblast precursors.
AuthorsOlmsted-Davis EA, Gugala Z, Camargo F, Gannon FH, Jackson K, Kienstra KA, Shine HD, Lindsey RW, Hirschi KK, Goodell MA, Brenner MK, Davis AR
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID14673088
'Osteoblasts are continually recruited from stem cell pools to maintain bone. Although their immediate precursor is a plastic-adherent mesenchymal stem cell able to generate tissues other than bone, increasing evidence suggests the existence of a more primitive cell that can differentiate to both hematopoietic and mesenchymal cells. We show here ... More
Maternal effect mutations of the sponge locus affect actin cytoskeletal rearrangements in Drosophila melanogaster embryos.
AuthorsPostner MA, Miller KG, Wieschaus EF
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID1447298
'In the syncytial blastoderm stage of Drosophila embryogenesis, dome-shaped actin "caps" are observed above the interphase nuclei. During mitosis, this actin rearranges to participate in the formation of pseudocleavage furrows, transient membranous invaginations between dividing nuclei. Embryos laid by homozygous sponge mothers lack these characteristic actin structures, but retain other ... More
Golgi structure correlates with transitional endoplasmic reticulum organization in Pichia pastoris and Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
'Golgi stacks are often located near sites of "transitional ER" (tER), where COPII transport vesicles are produced. This juxtaposition may indicate that Golgi cisternae form at tER sites. To explore this idea, we examined two budding yeasts: Pichia pastoris, which has coherent Golgi stacks, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which has a ... More
Single copies of HIV proviral DNA detected by fluorescent in situ hybridization.
AuthorsSpadoro JP, Payne H, Lee Y, Rosenstraus MJ
JournalBiotechniques
PubMed ID2400600
'A fluorescent in situ DNA hybridization assay employing a biotinylated DNA probe was used to visualize single copies of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) proviral DNA in the nuclei and metaphase chromosomes of infected cells. In clonal cell lines that contain either one or two copies of proviral DNA, the efficiency ... More
Activation of calpain I converts excitotoxic neuron death into a caspase-independent cell death.
AuthorsLankiewicz S, Marc Luetjens C, Truc Bui N, Krohn AJ, Poppe M, Cole GM, Saido TC, Prehn JH
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID10828077
'Glutamate receptor overactivation contributes to neuron death after stroke, trauma, and epileptic seizures. Exposure of cultured rat hippocampal neurons to the selective glutamate receptor agonist N-methyl-d-aspartate (300 microm, 5 min) or to the apoptosis-inducing protein kinase inhibitor staurosporine (300 nm) induced a delayed neuron death. In both cases, neuron death ... More
Substrate flexibility regulates growth and apoptosis of normal but not transformed cells.
AuthorsWang HB, Dembo M, Wang YL
JournalAm J Physiol Cell Physiol
PubMed ID11029281
'One of the hallmarks of oncogenic transformation is anchorage-independent growth (27). Here we demonstrate that responses to substrate rigidity play a major role in distinguishing the growth behavior of normal cells from that of transformed cells. We cultured normal or H-ras-transformed NIH 3T3 cells on flexible collagen-coated polyacrylamide substrates with ... More
Active caspase-8 translocates into the nucleus of apoptotic cells to inactivate poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-2.
AuthorsBenchoua A, Couriaud C, Guégan C, Tartier L, Couvert P, Friocourt G, Chelly J, Ménissier-de Murcia J, Onténiente B
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID12065591
'Caspase-8 is the prototypic initiator of the death domain receptor pathway of apoptosis. Here, we report that caspase-8 not only triggers and amplifies the apoptotic process at cytoplasmic sites but can also act as an executioner at nuclear levels. In a murine model of acute ischemia, caspase-8 is relocated into ... More
Intermediate filaments formed de novo from tail-less cytokeratins in the cytoplasm and in the nucleus.
AuthorsBader BL, Magin TM, Freudenmann M, Stumpp S, Franke WW
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID1720124
'The roles of the different molecular domains of intermediate filament (IF) proteins in the assembly and higher order organization of IF structures have recently been studied by various groups but with partially controversial results. To examine the requirement of the aminoterminal (head) and the carboxyterminal (tail) domain of cytokeratins (CKs) ... More
Oxidative stress induces intracellular accumulation of amyloid beta-protein (Abeta) in human neuroblastoma cells.
AuthorsMisonou H, Morishima-Kawashima M, Ihara Y
JournalBiochemistry
PubMed ID10841777
'Several lines of evidence suggest that enhanced oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis and/or progression of Alzheimer''s disease (AD). Amyloid beta-protein (Abeta) that composes senile plaques, a major neuropathological hallmark of AD, is considered to have a causal role in AD. Thus, we have studied the effect of oxidative ... More
Mammalian spindle orientation and position respond to changes in cell shape in a dynein-dependent fashion.
AuthorsO'Connell CB, Wang YL
JournalMol Biol Cell
PubMed ID10793150
'In animal cells, positioning of the mitotic spindle is crucial for defining the plane of cytokinesis and the size ratio of daughter cells. We have characterized this phenomenon in a rat epithelial cell line using microscopy, micromanipulation, and microinjection. Unmanipulated cells position the mitotic spindle near their geometric center, with ... More
Chromatin condensation during apoptosis is accompanied by degradation of lamin A+B, without enhanced activation of cdc2 kinase.
AuthorsOberhammer FA, Hochegger K, Fröschl G, Tiefenbacher R, Pavelka M
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID8051209
'Chromatin condensation paralleled by DNA fragmentation is one of the most important criteria which are used to identify apoptotic cells. However, comparable changes are also observed in interphase nuclei which have been treated with cell extracts from mitotic cells. In this respect it is known that in mitosis, the lamina ... More
Haptoglobin-related protein mediates trypanosome lytic factor binding to trypanosomes.
AuthorsDrain J, Bishop JR, Hajduk SL
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID11352898
'Trypanosome lytic factor (TLF-1) is an unusual high density lipoprotein (HDL) found in human serum that is toxic to Trypanosoma brucei brucei and may be critical in preventing human infections by this parasite. TLF-1 is composed of four major apolipoproteins: apolipoprotein AI, apolipoprotein AII, paraoxonase, and the primate-specific haptoglobin-related protein ... More
Distinctions in meiotic spindle structure and assembly during in vitro and in vivo maturation of mouse oocytes.
AuthorsSanfins A, Lee GY, Plancha CE, Overstrom EW, Albertini DF
JournalBiol Reprod
PubMed ID12930715
'To better understand the differences in cytoskeletal organization between in vivo (IVO) and in vitro (IVM) matured oocytes, we analyzed remodeling of the centrosome-microtubule complex in IVO and IVM mouse oocytes. Fluorescence imaging revealed dramatic differences in meiotic spindle assembly and organization between these two populations. Metaphase spindles at both ... More
Co-localization of active caspase-3 and DNA fragmentation (TUNEL) in normal and hyperthermia-induced abnormal mouse development.
AuthorsMirkes PE, Little SA, Umpierre CC
JournalTeratology
PubMed ID11283970
'BACKGROUND: Previous work has shown that caspase-3 activation and DNA fragmentation, two hallmarks of apoptosis, are induced in day 9 mouse embryos exposed to hyperthermia (43 degrees C); however, the methods used to assess caspase-3 activation (Western blot) and DNA fragmentation (gel electrophoresis) did not allow these apoptotic events to ... More
S100A6 and S100A11 are specific targets of the calcium- and zinc-binding S100B protein in vivo.
'In solution, S100B protein is a noncovalent homodimer composed of two subunits associated in an antiparallel manner. Upon calcium binding, the conformation of S100B changes dramatically, leading to the exposure of hydrophobic residues at the surface of S100B. The residues in the C-terminal domain of S100B encompassing Phe(87) and Phe(88) ... More
Roles of Rho-associated kinase in cytokinesis; mutations in Rho-associated kinase phosphorylation sites impair cytokinetic segregation of glial filaments.
AuthorsYasui Y, Amano M, Nagata K, Inagaki N, Nakamura H, Saya H, Kaibuchi K, Inagaki M
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID9832553
'Rho-associated kinase (Rho-kinase), which is activated by the small GTPase Rho, regulates formation of stress fibers and focal adhesions, myosin fiber organization, and neurite retraction through the phosphorylation of cytoskeletal proteins, including myosin light chain, the ERM family proteins (ezrin, radixin, and moesin) and adducin. Rho-kinase was found to phosphorylate ... More
Bcl-2 controls caspase activation following a p53-dependent cyclin D1-induced death signal.
AuthorsPratt MA, Niu MY
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID12480939
'MCF-7 and ZR-75 breast cancer cells infected with an adenovirus constitutively expressing high levels of cyclin D1 demonstrated widespread mitochondrial translocation of Bax and cytochrome c release that was approximately doubled after the addition of all-trans retinoic acid (RA) or Bcl-2 antisense oligonucleotide. By comparison, the percentage of cells in ... More
Dephosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and loss of focal contacts precede caspase-mediated cleavage of FAK during apoptosis in renal epithelial cells.
Authorsvan de Water B, Nagelkerke JF, Stevens JL
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID10224094
'The relationship between focal adhesion protein (FAK) activity and loss of cell-matrix contact during apoptosis is not entirely clear nor has the role of FAK in chemically induced apoptosis been studied. We investigated the status of FAK phosphorylation and cleavage in renal epithelial cells during apoptosis caused by the nephrotoxicant ... More
Anti-apoptotic effect of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor DEC2 in human breast cancer cells.
AuthorsLiu Y, Sato F, Kawamoto T, Fujimoto K, Morohashi S, Akasaka H, Kondo J, Wu Y, Noshiro M, Kato Y, Kijima H,
JournalGenes Cells
PubMed ID20236182
'DEC1 (BHLHB2/Stra13/Sharp2) and DEC2 (BHLHB3/Sharp1) are basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors that are involved in circadian rhythms, differentiation and the responses to hypoxia. We examined whether DEC1 and DEC2 are involved in apoptosis regulation, in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. We found that siRNA-mediated knockdown of DEC2 resulted in marked ... More
BubR1 is essential for kinetochore localization of other spindle checkpoint proteins and its phosphorylation requires Mad1.
AuthorsChen RH
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID12163471
'The spindle checkpoint delays anaphase onset until all chromosomes have attached properly to the mitotic spindle. Checkpoint signal is generated at kinetochores that are not bound with spindle microtubules or not under tension. Unattached kinetochores associate with several checkpoint proteins, including BubR1, Bub1, Bub3, Mad1, Mad2, and CENP-E. I herein ... More
Spectrin redistributes to the cytosol and is phosphorylated during mitosis in cultured cells.
AuthorsFowler VM, Adam EJ
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID1469048
'Dramatic changes in morphology and extensive reorganization of membrane-associated actin filaments take place during mitosis in cultured cells, including rounding up; appearance of numerous actin filament-containing microvilli and filopodia on the cell surface; and disassembly of intercellular and cell-substratum adhesions. We have examined the distribution and solubility of the membrane-associated ... More
Lamin activity is essential for nuclear envelope assembly in a Drosophila embryo cell-free extract.
AuthorsUlitzur N, Harel A, Feinstein N, Gruenbaum Y
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID1527167
'The role of the Drosophila lamin protein in nuclear envelope assembly was studied using a Drosophila in vitro assembly system that reconstitutes nuclei from added sperm chromatin or naked DNA. Upon incubation of the embryonic assembly extract with anti-Drosophila lamin antibodies, the attachment of nuclear membrane vesicles to chromatin surface ... More
Differential requirement for classic and novel PKC isoforms in respiratory burst and phagocytosis in RAW 264.7 cells.
AuthorsLarsen EC, DiGennaro JA, Saito N, Mehta S, Loegering DJ, Mazurkiewicz JE, Lennartz MR
JournalJ Immunol
PubMed ID10946313
'The binding of Ab (IgG)-opsonized particles by FcgammaRs on macrophages results in phagocytosis of the particles and generation of a respiratory burst. Both IgG-stimulated phagocytosis and respiratory burst involve activation of protein kinase C (PKC). However, the specific PKC isoforms required for these responses have yet to be identified. We ... More
Slit proteins prevent midline crossing and determine the dorsoventral position of major axonal pathways in the mammalian forebrain.
AuthorsBagri A, Marín O, Plump AS, Mak J, Pleasure SJ, Rubenstein JL, Tessier-Lavigne M
JournalNeuron
PubMed ID11804571
'We report that Slit proteins, a family of secreted chemorepellents, are crucial for the proper development of several major forebrain tracts. Mice deficient in Slit2 and, even more so, mice deficient in both Slit1 and Slit2 show significant axon guidance errors in a variety of pathways, including corticofugal, callosal, and ... More
Critical activities of Rac1 and Cdc42Hs in skeletal myogenesis: antagonistic effects of JNK and p38 pathways.
AuthorsMeriane M, Roux P, Primig M, Fort P, Gauthier-Rouvière C
JournalMol Biol Cell
PubMed ID10930450
'The Rho family of GTP-binding proteins plays a critical role in a variety of cellular processes, including cytoskeletal reorganization and activation of kinases such as p38 and C-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) MAPKs. We report here that dominant negative forms of Rac1 and Cdc42Hs inhibit the expression of the muscle-specific genes ... More
Colocalization and redistribution of dishevelled and actin during Wnt-induced mesenchymal morphogenesis.
AuthorsTorres MA, Nelson WJ
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID10871283
'Activation of the Wnt signaling pathway is important for induction of gene expression and cell morphogenesis throughout embryonic development. We examined the subcellular localization of dishevelled, the immediate downstream component from the Wnt receptor, in the embryonic mouse kidney. Using immunofluorescence staining, confocal microscopy, and coimmunoprecipitation experiments, we show that ... More
Tissue transglutaminase does not contribute to the formation of mutant huntingtin aggregates.
AuthorsChun W, Lesort M, Tucholski J, Ross CA, Johnson GV
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID11285271
'The cause of Huntington''s disease (HD) is a pathological expansion of the polyglutamine domain within the NH(2)-terminal region of huntingtin. Neuronal intranuclear inclusions and cytoplasmic aggregates composed of the mutant huntingtin within certain neuronal populations are a characteristic hallmark of HD. Because in vitro expanded polyglutamine repeats are glutaminyl-donor substrates ... More
The subcellular localization of E2F-4 is cell-cycle dependent.
AuthorsLindeman GJ, Gaubatz S, Livingston DM, Ginsberg D
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID9144196
'The E2F family of transcription factors plays a crucial role in cell cycle progression. E2F activity is tightly regulated by a number of mechanisms, which include the timely synthesis and degradation of E2F, interaction with retinoblastoma protein family members ("pocket proteins"), association with DP heterodimeric partner proteins, and phosphorylation of ... More
Centrophilin: a novel mitotic spindle protein involved in microtubule nucleation.
AuthorsTousson A, Zeng C, Brinkley BR, Valdivia MM
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID1991791
'A novel protein has been identified which may serve a key function in nucleating spindle microtubule growth in mitosis. This protein, called centrophilin, is sequentially relocated from the centromeres to the centrosomes to the midbody in a manner dependent on the mitotic phase. Centrophilin was initially detected by immunofluorescence with ... More
Disruption of nuclear lamin organization blocks the elongation phase of DNA replication.
AuthorsMoir RD, Spann TP, Herrmann H, Goldman RD
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID10851016
'The role of nuclear lamins in DNA replication is unclear. To address this, nuclei were assembled in Xenopus extracts containing AraC, a reversible inhibitor that blocks near the onset of the elongation phase of replication. Dominant-negative lamin mutants lacking their NH(2)-terminal domains were added to assembled nuclei to disrupt lamin ... More
CDK1 inactivation regulates anaphase spindle dynamics and cytokinesis in vivo.
AuthorsWheatley SP, Hinchcliffe EH, Glotzer M, Hyman AA, Sluder G, Wang Y
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID9230080
'Through association with CDK1, cyclin B accumulation and destruction govern the G2/M/G1 transitions in eukaryotic cells. To identify CDK1 inactivation-dependent events during late mitosis, we expressed a nondestructible form of cyclin B (cyclin BDelta90) by microinjecting its mRNA into prometaphase normal rat kidney cells. The injection inhibited chromosome decondensation and ... More
Interaction of Hsp90 with the nascent form of the mutant epidermal growth factor receptor EGFRvIII.
AuthorsLavictoire SJ, Parolin DA, Klimowicz AC, Kelly JF, Lorimer IA
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID12471035
'EGFRvIII is a mutant epidermal growth factor that promotes aggressive growth of glioblastomas. We made a plasmid that directed the expression of an EGFRvIII with three copies of the Flag epitope at its amino terminus. Flag-tagged EGFRvIII was expressed at the same levels as unmodified EGFRvIII, and showed the same ... More
Evidence that collapsin response mediator protein-2 is involved in the dynamics of microtubules.
AuthorsGu Y, Ihara Y
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID10770920
'Collapsin response mediator protein-2 (CRMP-2) is a member of the CRMP/TOAD/Ulip/DRP family of cytosolic phosphoproteins involved in neuronal differentiation and axonal guidance. CRMP-2 mediates the intracellular response to collapsin 1/semaphorin 3A, a repulsive extracellular guidance cue for axonal outgrowth. The mutation of UNC-33, a Caenorhabditis elegans homolog of CRMP-2, results ... More
The zinc- and calcium-binding S100B interacts and co-localizes with IQGAP1 during dynamic rearrangement of cell membranes.
AuthorsMbele GO, Deloulme JC, Gentil BJ, Delphin C, Ferro M, Garin J, Takahashi M, Baudier J
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID12377780
'The Zn(2+)- and Ca(2+)-binding S100B protein is implicated in multiple intracellular and extracellular regulatory events. In glial cells, a relationship exists between cytoplasmic S100B accumulation and cell morphological changes. We have identified the IQGAP1 protein as the major cytoplasmic S100B target protein in different rat and human glial cell lines ... More
Polarized insertion of new membrane from a cytoplasmic reservoir during cleavage of the Drosophila embryo.
AuthorsLecuit T, Wieschaus E
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID10953008
'Cellularization of the Drosophila embryo is a specialized form of cytokinesis that results in the formation of a polarized epithelium. The mechanisms of membrane growth during cytokinesis are largely unknown. It is also unclear whether membrane growth and polarization represent distinct processes that occur simultaneously or whether growth of the ... More
Active nuclear import and export pathways regulate E2F-5 subcellular localization.
'Epidermal keratinocyte differentiation is accompanied by differential regulation of E2F genes, including up-regulation of E2F-5 and its concomitant association with the retinoblastoma family protein p130. This complex appears to play a role in irreversible withdrawal from the cell cycle in differentiating keratinocytes. We now report that keratinocyte differentiation is also ... More
Survivin enhances Aurora-B kinase activity and localizes Aurora-B in human cells.
AuthorsChen J, Jin S, Tahir SK, Zhang H, Liu X, Sarthy AV, McGonigal TP, Liu Z, Rosenberg SH, Ng SC
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID12419797
'Survivin, one of the most tumor-specific gene products, has been implicated in both anti-apoptosis and cytokinesis. However, the mechanism by which survivin regulates these two different processes is still elusive. Here, we show that survivin binds to the catalytic domain of Aurora-B. We demonstrate that in the presence of survivin, ... More
Trafficking of ganglioside GD3 to mitochondria by tumor necrosis factor-alpha.
AuthorsGarcía-Ruiz C, Colell A, Morales A, Calvo M, Enrich C, Fernández-Checa JC
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID12118012
'The interaction of mitochondria with proapoptotic proteins activates apoptosis pathways. Previous findings have identified ganglioside GD3 (GD3) as an emerging apoptotic lipid intermediate that targets mitochondria in response to death signals. Using immunoelectron and laser scanning confocal microscopy, we characterize the trafficking of GD3 to mitochondria in response to tumor ... More
A calsequestrin-like protein in the endoplasmic reticulum of the sea urchin: localization and dynamics in the egg and first cell cycle embryo.
AuthorsHenson JH, Begg DA, Beaulieu SM, Fishkind DJ, Bonder EM, Terasaki M, Lebeche D, Kaminer B
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID2663877
'Using an antiserum produced against a purified calsequestrin-like (CSL) protein from a microsomal fraction of sea urchin eggs, we performed light and electron microscopic immunocytochemical localizations on sea urchin eggs and embryos in the first cell cycle. The sea urchin CSL protein has been found to bind Ca++ similarly to ... More
Phosphorylation of myosin-binding subunit (MBS) of myosin phosphatase by Rho-kinase in vivo.
AuthorsKawano Y, Fukata Y, Oshiro N, Amano M, Nakamura T, Ito M, Matsumura F, Inagaki M, Kaibuchi K
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID10579722
'Rho-associated kinase (Rho-kinase), which is activated by the small GTPase Rho, phosphorylates myosin-binding subunit (MBS) of myosin phosphatase and thereby inactivates the phosphatase activity in vitro. Rho-kinase is thought to regulate the phosphorylation state of the substrates including myosin light chain (MLC), ERM (ezrin/radixin/moesin) family proteins and adducin by their ... More
Protein kinase C regulates the recruitment of syndecan-4 into focal contacts.
AuthorsBaciu PC, Goetinck PF
JournalMol Biol Cell
PubMed ID8589452
'Cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans have been implicated as co-receptors facilitating cell adhesion and growth factor binding. Recent studies on the role of a family of transmembrane heparan sulfate proteoglycans, syndecans, in cell adhesion has identified one member, syndecan-4, to be present within focal contacts. The current study investigates the ... More
Effect of mutant alpha-synuclein on dopamine homeostasis in a new human mesencephalic cell line.
'Mutations in alpha-synuclein have been linked to rare, autosomal dominant forms of Parkinson''s disease. Despite its ubiquitous expression, mutant alpha-synuclein primarily leads to the loss of dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra. alpha-Synuclein is a presynaptic nerve terminal protein of unknown function, although several studies suggest it is important for ... More
Some fluorescent counterstains for neuroanatomical studies.
AuthorsSchmued LC, Swanson LW, Sawchenko PE
JournalJ Histochem Cytochem
PubMed ID6174560
'Methods for counterstaining neural tissue that contains fluorescent markers have been developed. Acridine orange is useful for localizing cells that are retrogradely labelled with the fluorescent tracers true blue, bisbenzimide, and nuclear yellow because at low concentrations it yields a green Nissl stain when excited with blue, but not with ... More
Clonal isolation of muscle-derived cells capable of enhancing muscle regeneration and bone healing.
AuthorsLee JY, Qu-Petersen Z, Cao B, Kimura S, Jankowski R, Cummins J, Usas A, Gates C, Robbins P, Wernig A, Huard J
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID10973997
'Several recent studies suggest the isolation of stem cells in skeletal muscle, but the functional properties of these muscle-derived stem cells is still unclear. In the present study, we report the purification of muscle-derived stem cells from the mdx mouse, an animal model for Duchenne muscular dystrophy. We show that ... More
A trypsin-sensitive receptor on membrane vesicles is required for nuclear envelope formation in vitro.
AuthorsWilson KL, Newport J
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID3392106
'The reformation of functioning organelles at the end of mitosis presents a problem in vesicle targeting. Using extracts made from Xenopus laevis frog eggs, we have studied in vitro the vesicles that reform the nuclear envelope. In the in vitro assay, nuclear envelope growth is linear with time. Furthermore, the ... More
Influence of two weeks of non-weight bearing on rat soleus motoneurons and muscle fibers.
AuthorsIshihara A, Oishi Y, Roy RR, Edgerton VR
JournalAviat Space Environ Med
PubMed ID9143753
'BACKGROUND: Chronic unloading of the hindlimbs of rats results in atrophy and a shift in the metabolic and mechanical properties of the soleus muscle a predominantly slow postural muscle, towards those observed in faster muscles. HYPOTHESIS: We hypothesized that the spinal motoneurons innervating the soleus muscle would also atrophy and ... More
Arginase II downregulates nitric oxide (NO) production and prevents NO-mediated apoptosis in murine macrophage-derived RAW 264.7 cells.
AuthorsGotoh T, Mori M
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID9971738
'Excess nitric oxide (NO) induces apoptosis of some cell types, including macrophages. As NO is synthesized by NO synthase (NOS) from arginine, a common substrate of arginase, these two enzymes compete for arginine. There are two known isoforms of arginase, types I and II. Using murine macrophage-like RAW 264.7 cells, ... More
A comparison of the effect of 5-bromodeoxyuridine substitution on 33258 Hoechst- and DAPI-fluorescence of isolated chromosomes by bivariate flow karyotyping.
AuthorsBuys CH, Mesa J, van der Veen AY, Aten JA
JournalHistochemistry
PubMed ID2424867
'Application of the fluorescent DNA-intercalator propidium iodide for stabilization of the mitotic chromosome structure during isolation of chromosomes from V79 Chinese hamster cells and subsequent staining with the fluorochromes 33258 Hoechst or DAPI allowed bivariate flow karyotyping of isolated chromosomes. Fluorescence of 33258 Hoechst bound to isolated chromosomes containing 5-bromodeoxyuridine ... More
Equilibrium binding of Hoechst 33258 and Hoechst 33342 fluorochromes with rat colorectal cells.
'We examined the biophysical characteristics of the interaction of Hoechst 33258 and 33342 dyes with normal rat colorectal cells as functions of fixation and solution composition. Classical dye-binding techniques were used to investigate the stoichiometry and binding constants with whole cells, and quantitative fluorescence image analysis was used to specifically ... More
Apoptosis in shed human corneal cells.
AuthorsEstil S, Primo EJ, Wilson G
JournalInvest Ophthalmol Vis Sci
PubMed ID11006225
'PURPOSE: To determine whether shear forces applied to the corneal epithelium by the repeated insertion and removal of a hydrogel contact lens alter the size and number of cells removed and to determine the contribution of apoptosis to this process. METHODS; Human corneal cells were collected from eight healthy subjects ... More
Quantification of the DNA content of structurally abnormal X chromosomes and X chromosome aneuploidy using high resolution bivariate flow karyotyping.
AuthorsTrask B, van den Engh G, Nussbaum R, Schwartz C, Gray J
JournalCytometry
PubMed ID2106419
'Quantification of the Hoechst and chromomycin A3 fluorescence intensities of mitotic human chromosomes isolated from karyotypically normal and abnormal cells was performed with a dual beam flow cytometer. The resultant flow karyotypes contain information about the relative DNA content and base composition of chromosomes and their relative frequencies in the ... More
Involvement of the acid sphingomyelinase pathway in uva-induced apoptosis.
AuthorsZhang Y, Mattjus P, Schmid PC, Dong Z, Zhong S, Ma WY, Brown RE, Bode AM, Schmid HH, Dong Z
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID11278294
'The sphingomyelin-ceramide pathway is an evolutionarily conserved ubiquitous signal transduction system that regulates many cell functions including apoptosis. Sphingomyelin (SM) is hydrolyzed to ceramide by different sphingomyelinases. Ceramide serves as a second messenger in mediating cellular effects of cytokines and stress. In this study, we find that acid sphingomyelinase (SMase) ... More
Extended application of flow microfluorometry by means of dual laser excitation.
AuthorsStöhr M, Eipel H, Goerttler K, Vogt-Schaden M
JournalHistochemistry
PubMed ID870462
'A dual laser beam excitation device for flow analysis of biological particles has been developed. The aid of this arrangement is to increase the range of fluorescent agents employed so far in quantitative and qualitative cytochemistry. Combining an argon ion and a helium-cadmium laser two color fluorescence measurements were performed ... More
Texture analysis of fluorescence lifetime images of AT- and GC-rich regions in nuclei.
AuthorsMurata S, Herman P, Lakowicz JR
JournalJ Histochem Cytochem
PubMed ID11668197
'We used intensity and fluorescence lifetime microscopy (FLIM) of 3T3 nuclei to investigate the existence of AT-rich and GC-rich regions of the nuclear DNA. Hoechst 33258 (Ho) and 7-aminoactinomycin D (7-AAD) were used as fluorescence probes specific for AT and GC base pairs, respectively. YOYO-1 (Yo) was used as a ... More
Role of the mitochondrial membrane permeability transition (MPT) in rotenone-induced apoptosis in liver cells.
AuthorsIsenberg JS, Klaunig JE
JournalToxicol Sci
PubMed ID10696782
'Rotenone inhibits spontaneously and chemically induced hepatic tumorigenesis in rodents through the induction of apoptosis. However, the mechanism for the induction of apoptosis by rotenone has not been defined. Mitochondrial dysfunction, in particular the induction of the mitochondrial membrane permeability transition (MPT), has been implicated in the cascade of events ... More
Changes in architecture of the Golgi complex and other subcellular organelles during myogenesis.
AuthorsRalston E
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID7678420
'Myogenesis involves changes in both gene expression and cellular architecture. Little is known of the organization, in muscle in vivo, of the subcellular organelles involved in protein synthesis despite the potential importance of targeted protein synthesis for formation and maintenance of functional domains such as the neuromuscular junction. A panel ... More
Deletion analogues of transportan.
AuthorsSoomets U, Lindgren M, Gallet X, Hällbrink M, Elmquist A, Balaspiri L, Zorko M, Pooga M, Brasseur R, Langel U
JournalBiochim Biophys Acta
PubMed ID10930519
'Several shorter analogues of the cell penetrating peptide, transportan, have been synthesized in order to define the regions of the sequence, which are responsible for the membrane translocation property of the peptide. Penetration of the peptides into Bowes melanoma cells and the influence on GTPase activity in Rin m5F cellular ... More
Fluorescence lifetime imaging of nuclear DNA: effect of fluorescence resonance energy transfer.
AuthorsMurata S, Herman P, Lin HJ, Lakowicz JR
JournalCytometry
PubMed ID11042614
'BACKGROUND: DNA fluorescence dyes have been used to study DNA dynamics, chromatin structure, and cell cycle analysis. However, most microscopic fluorescence studies of DNA use only steady-state measurements and do not take advantage of the additional information content of the time-resolved fluorescence. In this paper, we combine fluorescence imaging of ... More
Local control of acetylcholinesterase gene expression in multinucleated skeletal muscle fibers: individual nuclei respond to signals from the overlying plasma membrane.
AuthorsRossi SG, Vazquez AE, Rotundo RL
JournalJ Neurosci
PubMed ID10648696
'Nuclei in multinucleated skeletal muscle fibers are capable of expressing different sets of muscle-specific genes depending on their locations within the fiber. Here we test the hypothesis that each nucleus can behave autonomously and responds to signals generated locally on the plasma membrane. We used acetylcholinesterase (AChE) as a marker ... More
Multiple binding modes for Hoechst 33258 to DNA.
AuthorsStokke T, Steen HB
JournalJ Histochem Cytochem
PubMed ID2579998
'Two binding modes for the bisbenzimidazole Hoechst 33258 to native DNA at physiological conditions have been distinguished. Type 1 binding, which dominated at low dye/phosphate ratios (D/P less than 0.05) or low dye concentrations, had a high quantum yield of fluorescence with maximum emission at 460 nm. Binding of the ... More
Effect of minor groove binding drugs on mammalian topoisomerase I activity.
AuthorsMcHugh MM, Woynarowski JM, Sigmund RD, Beerman TA
JournalBiochem Pharmacol
PubMed ID2473754
'Three minor groove binding drugs, distamycin A, bisbenzimide (Hoechst 33258) and 4'',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), were examined for their abilities to modulate the activity of topoisomerase I purified from L1210 cells. At 0.5 and 1.0 microM, distamycin stimulated topoisomerase I relaxation of supercoiled DNA by 38 and 13%, respectively, while increasing the ... More
Retrograde support of neuronal survival without retrograde transport of nerve growth factor.
AuthorsMacInnis BL, Campenot RB
JournalScience
PubMed ID11799202
'Application of nerve growth factor (NGF) covalently cross-linked to beads increased the phosphorylation of TrkA and Akt, but not of mitogen-activated protein kinase, in cultured rat sympathetic neurons. NGF beads or iodine-125-labeled NGF beads supplied to distal axons resulted in the survival of over 80% of the neurons for 30 ... More
Visualization of complexes of Hoechst 33258 and DNA duplexes in solution by atomic force microscopy.
AuthorsUtsuno K, Tsuboi M, Katsumata S, Iwamoto T
JournalChem Pharm Bull (Tokyo)
PubMed ID11848212
'Tertiary structure changes in DNA duplexes, induced by Hoechst 33258 binding, have been examined by the use of atomic force microscopy. Besides minor groove binding, which is an established mode of binding for this drug, Hoechst 33258 has now been found to show another binding mode, which causes an unwinding ... More
Proapoptotic BAX and BAK: a requisite gateway to mitochondrial dysfunction and death.
AuthorsWei MC, Zong WX, Cheng EH, Lindsten T, Panoutsakopoulou V, Ross AJ, Roth KA, MacGregor GR, Thompson CB, Korsmeyer SJ
JournalScience
PubMed ID11326099
'Multiple death signals influence mitochondria during apoptosis, yet the critical initiating event for mitochondrial dysfunction in vivo has been unclear. tBID, the caspase-activated form of a "BH3-domain-only" BCL-2 family member, triggers the homooligomerization of "multidomain" conserved proapoptotic family members BAK or BAX, resulting in the release of cytochrome c from ... More
Myoseverin, a microtubule-binding molecule with novel cellular effects.
'A new microtubule-binding molecule, myoseverin, was identified from a library of 2,6,9-trisubstituted purines in a morphological differentiation screen. Myoseverin induces the reversible fission of multinucleated myotubes into mononucleated fragments. Myotube fission promotes DNA synthesis and cell proliferation after removal of the compound and transfer of the cells to fresh growth ... More
Intracellular pH and the increase in protein synthesis accompanying activation of Xenopus eggs.
AuthorsGrandin N, Charbonneau M
JournalBiol Cell
PubMed ID2620165
'Metabolic activation following egg fertilization corresponds to an increase in protein synthesis and the initiation of DNA synthesis, which lead to cell division and development of the embryo. Since in several biological systems protein synthesis is regulated by intracellular pH (pHi), we have decided to investigate the situation during Xenopus ... More
Transport of fluorescent phospholipid analogues from the erythrocyte membrane to the parasite in Plasmodium falciparum-infected cells.
AuthorsHaldar K, de Amorim AF, Cross GA
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID2661561
'The asexual development of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum is largely intraerythrocytic. When 1-palmitoyl-2-[6-[(7-nitro-2-1,3-benzoxadiazole-4-yl)amino]caproyl] phosphatidylcholine (NBD-PC) was incorporated into infected and uninfected erythrocyte membranes at 0 degrees C, it remained at the cell surface. At 10 degrees C, the lipid was rapidly internalized in infected erythrocytes at all stages ... More
Biochemical quantification of DNA in human articular and septal cartilage using PicoGreen and Hoechst 33258.
AuthorsMcGowan KB, Kurtis MS, Lottman LM, Watson D, Sah RL
JournalOsteoarthritis Cartilage
PubMed ID12127839
'OBJECTIVE: To compare two fluorometric assays, utilizing (1) the bisbenzimidazole Hoechst 33258 and (2) PicoGreen, for determining DNA content in human cartilage. METHODS: Human articular and nasal septal cartilage explants were digested using proteinase K. Portions of sample digest were analysed for intrinsic and dye-enhanced fluorescence with either Hoechst 33258 ... More
Analysis of micronucleated cells by flow cytometry. 2. Evaluating the accuracy of high-speed scoring.
AuthorsTometsko AM, Dertinger SD, Torous DK
JournalMutat Res
PubMed ID7692250
'Micronucleated blood cells--whether generated spontaneously or by clastogen treatment--are present in the blood and bone marrow as rare events. Historically they have been scored manually by microscopic inspection which is labor-intensive and tedious. It has been recognized by investigators that a need exists for an automated method which can accurately, ... More
Methylmalonate toxicity in primary neuronal cultures.
AuthorsMcLaughlin BA, Nelson D, Silver IA, Erecinska M, Chesselet MF
JournalNeuroscience
PubMed ID9692761
'Several inhibitors of mitochondrial complex II cause neuronal death in vivo and in vitro. The goal of the present work was to characterize in vitro the effects of malonate (a competitive blocker of the complex) which induces neuronal death in a pattern similar to that seen in striatum in Huntington's ... More
Activity of Hoechst 33258 against Pneumocystis carinii f. sp. muris, Candida albicans, and Candida dubliniensis.
'Hoechst 33258 is a compound that binds nucleic acids. We report that Hoechst 33258 exhibits antimicrobial activity against Pneumocystis carinii f. sp. muris in a mouse model for P. carinii pneumonia and against Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis in vitro. Relative to saline treatment, a 14-day, daily treatment of mice ... More
Reducing inositol lipid hydrolysis, Ins(1,4,5)P3 receptor availability, or Ca2+ gradients lengthens the duration of the cell cycle in Xenopus laevis blastomeres.
AuthorsHan JK, Fukami K, Nuccitelli R
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID1309810
'We have microinjected a mAb specifically directed to phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) into one blastomere of two-cell stage Xenopus laevis embryos. This antibody binds to endogenous PIP2 and reduces its rate of hydrolysis by phospholipase C. Antibody-injected blastomeres undergo partial or complete arrest of the cell cycle whereas the uninjected sister ... More
Plasmodium falciparum exports the Golgi marker sphingomyelin synthase into a tubovesicular network in the cytoplasm of mature erythrocytes.
AuthorsElmendorf HG, Haldar K
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID8106545
'This work describes two unusual features of membrane development in a eukaryotic cell. (a) The induction of an extensive network of tubovesicular membranes by the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum in the cytoplasm of the mature erythrocyte, and its visualization with two ceramide analogues C5-DMB-ceramide and C6-NBD-ceramide. "Sectioning" of the infected ... More
Ensemble and single-molecule fluorescence spectroscopic study of the binding modes of the bis-benzimidazole derivative Hoechst 33258 with DNA.
AuthorsAdhikary A, Buschmann V, Müller C, Sauer M
JournalNucleic Acids Res
PubMed ID12682368
'Ensemble and single-molecule fluorescence measurements of 2''-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-[5-(4-methylpiperazine-1-yl) benzimidazo-2-yl]-benzimidazole (H-258)- calf thymus (CT) DNA complexes at various [H-258]/[DNA bp] ratios were performed to elucidate the binding of H-258 with DNA. Upon binding to double-stranded CT DNA (CT ds DNA) at a [H-258]/[DNA bp] ratio of 0.05 the relative fluorescence quantum yield, ... More
Orientation and three-dimensional organization of actin filaments in dividing cultured cells.
AuthorsFishkind DJ, Wang YL
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID8227144
'The current hypothesis of cytokinesis suggests that contractile forces in the cleavage furrow are generated by a circumferential band of actin filaments. However, relatively little is known about the global organization of actin filaments in dividing cells. To approach this problem we have used fluorescence-detected linear dichroism (FDLD) microscopy to ... More
Sequence specificity of 125I-labelled Hoechst 33258 in intact human cells.
AuthorsMurray V, Martin RF
JournalJ Mol Biol
PubMed ID2458475
'Using polyacrylamide/urea DNA sequencing gels, the DNA sequence selectivity of 125I-labelled Hoechst 33258 damage has been determined in intact human cells to the exact base-pair. This was accomplished using a novel procedure with human alpha RI-DNA as the target DNA sequence. In this procedure, after size fractionation, the alpha RI-DNA ... More
Distribution of CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase (CCT) isoforms. Identification of a new CCTbeta splice variant.
AuthorsLykidis A, Baburina I, Jackowski S
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID10480912
'CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase is a major regulator of phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis. A single isoform, CCTalpha, has been studied extensively and a second isoform, CCTbeta, was recently identified. We identify and characterize a third cDNA, CCTbeta2, that differs from CCTbeta1 at the carboxyl-terminal end and is predicted to arise as a splice variant ... More
Effects of counterstaining with DNA binding drugs on fluorescent banding patterns of human and mammalian chromosomes.
AuthorsSchnedl W, Dann O, Schweizer D
JournalEur J Cell Biol
PubMed ID6153615
'Pairs of fluorescent A-T specific dyes and nonfluorescent agents with similar or complementary base pair binding specificity were used to analyse the extent to which banding patterns in human chromosomes obtained by fluorescent staining can be modified by counterstaining. By testing a variety of different combinations of drugs, essentially three ... More
Golgi fragmentation occurs in the cells with prefibrillar alpha-synuclein aggregates and precedes the formation of fibrillar inclusion.
AuthorsGosavi N, Lee HJ, Lee JS, Patel S, Lee SJ
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID12351643
'Amyloid-like fibrillar aggregates of intracellular proteins are common pathological features of human neurodegenerative diseases. However, the nature of pathogenic aggregates and the biological consequences of their formation remain elusive. Here, we describe (i) a model cellular system in which prefibrillar alpha-synuclein aggregates and fibrillar inclusions are naturally formed in the ... More
Koningic acid (a potent glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase inhibitor)-induced fragmentation and condensation of DNA in NG108-15 cells.
AuthorsNakazawa M, Uehara T, Nomura Y
JournalJ Neurochem
PubMed ID9166744
'We examined nitric oxide (NO)-induced cell death in NG108-15 cells using NO donors. Both sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine caused lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage from NG108-15 cells. NO is known to increase the amount of radioisotopic labeled glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) in the presence of [32P]NAD and to inhibit the enzyme ... More
Identification and dissociation of cardiovascular neurons from the medulla for patch clamp analysis.
AuthorsMendelowitz D, Kunze DL
JournalNeurosci Lett
PubMed ID1784423
'This study describes a preparation that will enable us to study, using voltage clamp techniques, ionic currents from dissociated cardiovascular neurons that have retained their anatomical and functional identity of the intact animal. To identify dispersed preganglionic cardiac motoneurons various fluorescent dyes (rhodamine, fluorogold, microspheres, bizbenzimide and dextrans) were examined ... More
Gas2, a growth arrest-specific protein, is a component of the microfilament network system.
AuthorsBrancolini C, Bottega S, Schneider C
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID1607387
'In this report we analyze the protein product of a growth arrest-specific gene, gas2, by means of an affinity-purified antibody raised against the protein produced in bacteria. The regulation of Gas2 biosynthesis reflects the pattern of mRNA expression (Schneider, C., R. King, and L. Philipson. 1988. Cell. 54:787-793): its relative ... More
Protein kinase C, a pivotal regulator of hamster egg activation, functions after elevation of intracellular free calcium.
'We investigated the signal transduction pathways that mediate activation of Syrian hamster eggs. Under conditions in which the concentration of intracellular free calcium ([Ca2+]i) is clamped low, activation of protein kinase C (PKC) can induce second polar body formation, reformation of the nuclear envelope, and decondensation of chromatin, as well ... More
Fluorometric quantification of DNA in cells and tissue.
AuthorsDowns TR, Wilfinger WW
JournalAnal Biochem
PubMed ID6193739
'The validation of a simple and rapid DNA solubilization procedure is described. Quantitative extraction of intact, polymerized DNA was achieved by cell lysis or tissue homogenization in an ammonium hydroxide-Triton X-100 solution. The solubilization procedure inactivates endogenous DNAase and increases the fluorescence-enhancement activity of the extracted DNA, thereby eliminating the ... More
Evaluation of mouse sperm acrosomal status and viability by flow cytometry.
AuthorsTao J, Critser ES, Critser JK
JournalMol Reprod Dev
PubMed ID8257567
'A procedure was developed to evaluate mouse sperm acrosomal status and viability simultaneously utilizing flow cytometry. Four fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-conjugated lectins, peanut agglutinin (PNA), concanavalin agglutinin (ConA), Pisum sativum agglutinin (PSA), and soybean agglutinin (SBA), were investigated, with PNA providing the greatest sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing acrosome-present and acrosome-absent ... More
Drosophila spectrin: the membrane skeleton during embryogenesis.
AuthorsPesacreta TC, Byers TJ, Dubreuil R, Kiehart DP, Branton D
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID2497103
'The distribution of alpha-spectrin in Drosophila embryos was determined by immunofluorescence using affinity-purified polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies. During early development, spectrin is concentrated near the inner surface of the plasma membrane, in cytoplasmic islands around the syncytial nuclei, and, at lower concentrations, throughout the remainder of the cytoplasm of preblastoderm ... More
'BACKGROUND: Interstital cystitis is often treated with exogenous glycosaminoglycans such as heparin, chondroitin sulphate (Uracyst), hyaluronate (Cystistat) or the semi-synthetic pentosan polysulphate (Elmiron). The mechanism of action is presumed to be due to a coating of the bladder surface to replace the normally present chondroitin sulphate and heparan sulphate lost ... More
Apoptosis-inducing factor is involved in the regulation of caspase-independent neuronal cell death.
'Caspase-independent death mechanisms have been shown to execute apoptosis in many types of neuronal injury. P53 has been identified as a key regulator of neuronal cell death after acute injury such as DNA damage, ischemia, and excitotoxicity. Here, we demonstrate that p53 can induce neuronal cell death via a caspase-mediated ... More
Glutamate excitotoxicity is involved in cell death caused by tributyltin in cultured rat cortical neurons.
AuthorsNakatsu Y, Kotake Y, Komasaka K, Hakozaki H, Taguchi R, Kume T, Akaike A, Ohta S,
JournalToxicol Sci
PubMed ID16207939
'Tributyltin, an endocrine-disrupting chemical, has been used as a heat stabilizer, agricultural pesticide, and component of antifouling paints. In this study, the neurotoxicity of tributyltin was investigated in cultured rat cortical neurons. Tributyltin caused marked time- and dose-dependent increases in the number of trypan blue-stained cells. Measurement of extracellular glutamate ... More
Studies concerning the temporal and genetic control of cell polarity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AuthorsSnyder M, Gehrung S, Page BD
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID1860883
'The establishment of cell polarity was examined in the budding yeast, S. cerevisiae. The distribution of a polarized protein, the SPA2 protein, was followed throughout the yeast cell cycle using synchronized cells and cdc mutants. The SPA2 protein localizes to a patch at the presumptive bud site of G1 cells. ... More
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 and -3 Increase Cell Adhesion and Motility of MDA-MB-435 Breast Cancer Cells.
Authors Palmieri Diane; Lee Jung Weon; Juliano Rudy L.; Church Frank C.;
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID12176977
'Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), an inhibitor of urokinase plasminogen activator, is paradoxically associated with a poor prognosis in breast cancer. PAI-1 is linked to several processes in the metastatic cascade. However, the role of PAI-1 in metastatic processes, which may be independent of protease inhibitory activity, is not fully understood. ... More
Four fluorochromes for the demonstration and microfluorometric estimation of RNA.
AuthorsCurtis SK, Cowden RR
JournalHistochemistry
PubMed ID6169696
'Microfluorometric estimates of total RNA were made in selected test material stained with berberine sulfate, acridine orange, and Hoechst 33258. These measurements were compared with those obtained with propidium iodide, which is known to interact only with double-stranded nucleic acids. It was observed that all of the fluorochromes, including propidium ... More
Neocentromere-mediated chromosome movement in maize.
AuthorsYu HG, Hiatt EN, Chan A, Sweeney M, Dawe RK
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID9362502
'Neocentromere activity is a classic example of nonkinetochore chromosome movement. In maize, neocentromeres are induced by a gene or genes on Abnormal chromosome 10 (Ab10) which causes heterochromatic knobs to move poleward at meiotic anaphase. Here we describe experiments that test how neocentromere activity affects the function of linked centromere/kinetochores ... More