The receptor for parathyroid hormone and parathyroid hormone-related peptide is hydrolyzed and its signaling properties are altered by directly binding the calpain small subunit.
AuthorsShimada M, Mahon MJ, Greer PA, Segre GV,
JournalEndocrinology
PubMed ID15691895
'We show calcium-dependent, direct binding between the N-terminal portion of the PTH/PTHrP receptor (PTH1R) C-terminal intracellular tail and the calpain small subunit. Binding requires, but may not be limited to, amino acids W474, S475, and W477. The wild-type, full-length rat (r) PTH1R, but not rPTH1R with W474A/W477A substitutions, copurifies with ... More
p116Rip targets myosin phosphatase to the actin cytoskeleton and is essential for RhoA/ROCK-regulated neuritogenesis.
AuthorsMulder J, Ariaens A, van den Boomen D, Moolenaar WH,
JournalMol Biol Cell
PubMed ID15469989
Activation of the RhoA-Rho kinase (ROCK) pathway stimulates actomyosin-driven contractility in many cell systems, largely through ROCK-mediated inhibition of myosin II light chain phosphatase. In neuronal cells, the RhoA-ROCK-actomyosin pathway signals cell rounding, growth cone collapse, and neurite retraction; conversely, inhibition of RhoA/ROCK promotes cell spreading and neurite outgrowth. The ... More
Pulmonary interleukin-23 gene delivery increases local T-cell immunity and controls growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the lungs.
AuthorsHappel KI, Lockhart EA, Mason CM, Porretta E, Keoshkerian E, Odden AR, Nelson S, Ramsay AJ,
JournalInfect Immun
PubMed ID16113296
Interleukin-23 (IL-23) is a heterodimeric cytokine that shares IL-12 p40 but contains a unique p19 subunit similar to IL-12 p35. Previous studies indicate a greater importance for intact IL-12/23 p40 expression than IL-12 p35 for immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, suggesting a role for IL-23 in host defense. The effects of ... More
AuthorsZhang Y, Ma K, Sadana P, Chowdhury F, Gaillard S, Wang F, McDonnell DP, Unterman TG, Elam MB, Park EA,
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID17079227
The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA in mitochondria and is a key regulatory enzyme in the oxidation of glucose to acetyl-CoA. Phosphorylation of PDC by the pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDK2 and PDK4) inhibits PDC activity. Expression of the PDK genes is elevated in diabetes ... More
Cellular distribution, post-translational modification, and tumorigenic potential of human group III secreted phospholipase A2.
AuthorsMurakami M, Masuda S, Shimbara S, Ishikawa Y, Ishii T, Kudo I,
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID15863501
Human group III secreted phospholipase A(2) (sPLA(2)-III) consists of a central group III sPLA(2) domain flanked by unique N- and C-terminal domains. We found that the sPLA(2) domain alone was sufficient for its catalytic activity and for its prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2))-generating functions in various cell types. In several if not ... More
Neuronal expression and neuritogenic action of group X secreted phospholipase A2.
AuthorsMasuda S, Murakami M, Takanezawa Y, Aoki J, Arai H, Ishikawa Y, Ishii T, Arioka M, Kudo I,
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID15781456
Although individual mammalian secreted phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) enzymes exhibit unique tissue and cellular distributions, the cell type-specific functions of each enzyme remain largely unknown. In this study, we found by immunohistochemistry that group X sPLA2 (sPLA2-X) is uniquely located in the peripheral neuronal fibers, an observation that was supported by ... More
Transcriptional regulation of phagocytosis-induced membrane biogenesis by sterol regulatory element binding proteins.
AuthorsCastoreno AB, Wang Y, Stockinger W, Jarzylo LA, Du H, Pagnon JC, Shieh EC, Nohturfft A,
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID16141315
In the process of membrane biogenesis several dozen proteins must operate in precise concert to generate approximately 100 lipids at appropriate concentrations. To study the regulation of bilayer assembly in a cell cycle-independent manner, we have exploited the fact that phagocytes replenish membranes expended during particle engulfment in a rapid ... More