Double-stranded RNA analog poly(I:C) inhibits human immunodeficiency virus amplification in dendritic cells via type I interferon-mediated activation of APOBEC3G.
AuthorsTrapp S, Derby NR, Singer R, Shaw A, Williams VG, Turville SG, Bess JW, Lifson JD, Robbiani M,
JournalJ Virol
PubMed ID19004943
'Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is taken up by and replicates in immature dendritic cells (imDCs), which can then transfer virus to T cells, amplifying the infection. Strategies known to boost DC function were tested for their ability to overcome this exploitation when added after HIV exposure. Poly(I:C), but not single-stranded ... More
Prevalence of regulatory T cells is increased in peripheral blood and tumor microenvironment of patients with pancreas or breast adenocarcinoma.
'Regulatory T cells (T(reg)) that prevent autoimmune diseases by suppression of self-reactive T cells may also suppress the immune response against cancer. In mice, depletion of T(reg) by Ab therapy leads to more efficient tumor rejection. T(reg)-mediated suppression of antitumor immune responses may partly explain the poor clinical response to ... More
Maturation and activation of dendritic cells induced by lymphocyte activation gene-3 (CD223).
AuthorsAndreae S, Piras F, Burdin N, Triebel F,
JournalJ Immunol
PubMed ID11937541
'Lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3) is an MHC class II ligand expressed on activated T and NK cells. A LAG-3Ig fusion protein has been used in mice as an adjuvant protein to induce antitumor responses and specific CD8 and CD4 Th1 responses to nominal Ags. In this work we report on ... More
Impairment of CD8+ T suppressor cell function in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus.
AuthorsFilaci G, Bacilieri S, Fravega M, Monetti M, Contini P, Ghio M, Setti M, Puppo F, Indiveri F,
JournalJ Immunol
PubMed ID11342672
'Alteration of T cell suppression function has been recognized in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Recently, CD8(+) T suppressor lymphocytes (CD8(+) Ts) have been generated in vitro by incubating purified CD8(+) T cells with IL-2 and GM-CSF. Using this method, we generated CD8(+) Ts from patients affected by SLE. ... More
Human airway epithelial cells produce IP-10 (CXCL10) in vitro and in vivo upon rhinovirus infection.
'Human rhinovirus (HRV) infections trigger exacerbations of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and are associated with lymphocytic infiltration of the airways. We demonstrate that infection of primary cultures of human airway epithelial cells, or of the BEAS-2B human bronchial epithelial cell line, with human rhinovirus type 16 (HRV-16) ... More
Activation of an immunoregulatory and antiviral gene expression program in poly(I:C)-transfected human neutrophils.
AuthorsTamassia N, Le Moigne V, Rossato M, Donini M, McCartney S, Calzetti F, Colonna M, Bazzoni F, Cassatella MA,
JournalJ Immunol
PubMed ID18941247
'Neutrophils, historically known for their involvement in acute inflammation, are also targets for infection by many different DNA and RNA viruses. However, the mechanisms by which they recognize and respond to viral components are poorly understood. Polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)) is a synthetic mimetic of viral dsRNA that is known to ... More
Immediate/early response to Trypanosoma cruzi infection involves minimal modulation of host cell transcription.
AuthorsVaena de Avalos S, Blader IJ, Fisher M, Boothroyd JC, Burleigh BA,
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID11668183
'Host cell infection by the intracellular pathogen, Trypanosoma cruzi, involves activation of signaling pathways, cytoskeletal reorganization, and targeted recruitment of host cell lysosomes. To determine the consequences of T. cruzi invasion on host cell gene expression, high density microarrays consisting of approximately 27,000 human cDNAs were hybridized with fluorescent probes ... More
Impaired type I and type III interferon induction and rhinovirus control in human cystic fibrosis airway epithelial cells.
AuthorsVareille M, Kieninger E, Alves MP, Kopf BS, Möller A, Geiser T, Johnston SL, Edwards MR, Regamey N
JournalThorax
PubMed ID22213737
Rhinoviruses are important triggers of pulmonary exacerbations and possible contributors to long-term respiratory morbidity in cystic fibrosis (CF), but mechanisms leading to rhinovirus-induced CF exacerbations are poorly understood. It is hypothesised that there is a deficient innate immune response of the airway epithelium towards rhinovirus infection in CF. ... More
TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand mediates tumoricidal activity of human monocytes stimulated by Newcastle disease virus.
AuthorsWashburn B, Weigand MA, Grosse-Wilde A, Janke M, Stahl H, Rieser E, Sprick MR, Schirrmacher V, Walczak H,
JournalJ Immunol
PubMed ID12574346
The Newcastle disease virus (NDV) has antineoplastic and immunostimulatory properties, and it is currently clinically tested in anticancer therapy. However, the tumoricidal mechanisms of NDV tumor therapy are not fully understood. The results presented here demonstrate that NDV-stimulated human monocytes (Mphi) kill various human tumor cell lines and that this ... More
Human blood mDC subsets exhibit distinct TLR repertoire and responsiveness.
AuthorsHémont C, Neel A, Heslan M, Braudeau C, Josien R,
JournalJ Leukoc Biol
PubMed ID23341538
Human blood DCs encompass pDCs and two subsets of mDCs: CD1c(+) mDCs and CD141(+) mDCs. The rare CD141(+) DC population is thought to be the equivalent of mouse CD8a(+) cDCs that play a significant role in antigen cross-presentation. Here, we analyzed by Q-PCR TLR1-10 expression in blood DC subsets. Whereas ... More
Host cell cytokines induced by Chlamydia pneumoniae decrease the expression of interstitial collagens and fibronectin in fibroblasts.
AuthorsBaumert J, Schmidt KH, Eitner A, Straube E, Rödel J,
JournalInfect Immun
PubMed ID19047405
Chlamydia pneumoniae infection has been associated with chronic obstructive airway disease (COPD), asthma, and atherosclerosis. Inflammation and airway remodeling in asthma and COPD result in subepithelial fibrosis that is characterized by the deposition of interstitial collagens and fibronectin. The progression of atherosclerosis is also accompanied by an increased production of ... More
Reovirus triggers cell type-specific proinflammatory responses dependent on the autocrine action of IFN-beta.
AuthorsHamamdzic D, Phillips-Dorsett T, Altman-Hamamdzic S, London SD, London L,
JournalAm J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol
PubMed ID11133491
Resident cells of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts, including epithelial and fibroblast cells, are the initial sites of entry for many viral pathogens. We investigated the role that these cells play in the inflammatory process in response to infection with reovirus 1/L. In A549 human bronchial or HT-29 human colonic ... More
Role of type I IFNs in the in vitro attenuation of live, temperature-sensitive vaccine strains of human respiratory syncytial virus.
AuthorsLoveys DA, Kulkarni S, Atreya PL,
JournalVirology
PubMed ID10860892
The contributions of type I interferons (IFNs) to the in vitro attenuation of three temperature-sensitive (Ts) subgroup A and one subgroup B deletion mutant RSV strains were evaluated. The ability of these vaccine viruses to induce IFNs at their permissive and restrictive temperatures and their sensitivity to the antiviral effects ... More
Cutting edge: oral type I IFN-tau promotes a Th2 bias and enhances suppression of autoimmune encephalomyelitis by oral glatiramer acetate.
AuthorsSoos JM, Stüve O, Youssef S, Bravo M, Johnson HM, Weiner HL, Zamvil SS,
JournalJ Immunol
PubMed ID12193686
IFN-tau, a novel type I IFN that possesses immunomodulatory properties, lacks toxicity normally associated with other type I IFNs. We examined the effects of oral IFN-tau alone and in combination with oral glatiramer acetate in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE). By comparison of oral administration of IFN-alpha, -beta, and -tau to ... More