Interleukin-10-independent anti-inflammatory actions of glucagon-like peptide 2.
AuthorsIvory CP, Wallace LE, McCafferty DM, Sigalet DL,
JournalAm J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol
PubMed ID18845573
'Glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2) is an important intestinal growth factor with anti-inflammatory activity. We hypothesized that GLP-2 decreases mucosal inflammation and the associated increased epithelial proliferation by downregulation of Th1 cytokines attributable to reprogramming of lamina propria immune regulatory cells via an interleukin-10 (IL-10)-independent pathway. The effects of GLP-2 treatment ... More
Morphine decreases early peritoneal innate immunity responses in Swiss-Webster and C57BL6/J mice through the inhibition of mast cell TNF-a release.
'To characterize immunosuppressive effects of morphine on the early innate immunity response of cytokine production in peritoneal cavity after LPS challenge. The effects of a single i.p. administration of morphine (3.1 or 31 mg/kg) on LPS-induced tumor necrosis factor a (TNF-a) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (CCL2) intraperitoneal release was tested ... More
Generating the optimal mRNA for therapy: HPLC purification eliminates immune activation and improves translation of nucleoside-modified, protein-encoding mRNA.
AuthorsKarikó K, Muramatsu H, Ludwig J, Weissman D,
JournalNucleic Acids Res
PubMed ID21890902
In vitro-transcribed mRNA has great therapeutic potential to transiently express the encoded protein without the adverse effects of viral and DNA-based constructs. Mammalian cells, however, contain RNA sensors of the innate immune system that must be considered in the generation of therapeutic RNA. Incorporation of modified nucleosides both reduces innate ... More
Cannabinoid Receptor Type 1 Protects Nigrostriatal Dopaminergic Neurons against MPTP Neurotoxicity by Inhibiting Microglial Activation.
AuthorsChung YC, Bok E, Huh SH, Park JY, Yoon SH, Kim SR, Kim YS, Maeng S, Hyun Park S, Jin BK,
JournalJ Immunol
PubMed ID22079984
This study examined whether the cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB(1)) receptor contributes to the survival of nigrostriatal dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) mouse model of Parkinson's disease. MPTP induced significant loss of nigrostriatal DA neurons and microglial activation in the substantia nigra (SN), visualized with tyrosine hydroxylase or ... More
Positive and negative regulation of high affinity IgE receptor signaling by Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase 1.
AuthorsNakata K, Yoshimaru T, Suzuki Y, Inoue T, Ra C, Yakura H, Mizuno K,
JournalJ Immunol
PubMed ID18832698
Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase 1 (SHP-1), a cytoplasmic protein tyrosine phosphatase, plays an important role for the regulation of signaling from various hematopoietic cell receptors. Although SHP-1 is shown to be a negative signal modulator in mast cells, its precise molecular mechanisms are not well defined. To elucidate ... More
Preconditioning with high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) induces lipopolysaccharide (LPS) tolerance.
High mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1) modulates the innate immune response when present in the extracellular compartment. Receptors for HMGB1 include TLR4, TLR2, and the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE). We tested the hypothesis that extracellular HMGB1 can induce LPS tolerance. HMGB1 dose-response experiments were performed on ... More
RAGE, carboxylated glycans and S100A8/A9 play essential roles in colitis-associated carcinogenesis.
AuthorsTurovskaya O, Foell D, Sinha P, Vogl T, Newlin R, Nayak J, Nguyen M, Olsson A, Nawroth PP, Bierhaus A, Varki N, Kronenberg M, Freeze HH, Srikrishna G,
JournalCarcinogenesis
PubMed ID18689872
Patients with inflammatory bowel diseases are at increased risk for colorectal cancer, but the molecular mechanisms linking inflammation and cancer are not well defined. We earlier showed that carboxylated N-glycans expressed on receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and other glycoproteins mediate colitis through activation of nuclear factor kappa ... More
Vitamin D3 modulates the expression of bile acid regulatory genes and represses inflammation in bile duct-ligated mice.
AuthorsOgura M, Nishida S, Ishizawa M, Sakurai K, Shimizu M, Matsuo S, Amano S, Uno S, Makishima M,
JournalJ Pharmacol Exp Ther
PubMed ID18988769
Vitamin D receptor (VDR), a nuclear receptor that regulates calcium homeostasis, has been found to function as a receptor for secondary bile acids. Because the in vivo role of VDR in bile acid metabolism remains unknown, we investigated the effect of VDR activation in a mouse model of cholestasis. We ... More