'The gap junction protein, connexin43 (Cx43), plays an important role in skeletal biology. Previously, we have shown that Cx43 can enhance the signaling and transcriptional response to fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) in osteoblasts by increasing protein kinase C-d (PKCd) activation to affect Runx2 activity. In the present study, we ... More
CD5-dependent CK2 activation pathway regulates threshold for T cell anergy.
AuthorsSestero CM, McGuire DJ, De Sarno P, Brantley EC, Soldevila G, Axtell RC, Raman C,
JournalJ Immunol
PubMed ID22904299
'CD5 activates casein kinase 2 (CK2), a serine/threonine kinase that constitutively associates with the CK2-binding domain at the end of its cytoplasmic tail. To determine the physiological significance of CD5-dependent CK2 activation in T cells, we generated a knock-in mouse that expresses a CD5 protein containing a microdeletion with selective ... More
Levels of circulating endothelial cells are low in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and are further reduced by anti-fibrotic treatments.
AuthorsDe Biasi S, Cerri S, Bianchini E, Gibellini L, Persiani E, Montanari G, Luppi F, Carbonelli CM, Zucchi L, Bocchino M, Zamparelli AS, Vancheri C, Sgalla G, Richeldi L, Cossarizza A,
Journal
PubMed ID26552487
'It has been suggested that circulating fibrocytes and endothelial cells actively participate in the intense remodelling of the pulmonary vasculature in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Indeed, fibrotic areas exist that have fewer blood vessels, whereas adjacent non-fibrotic tissue is highly vascularized. The number of circulating endothelial cells (CEC) ... More
The oxysterol-CXCR2 axis plays a key role in the recruitment of tumor-promoting neutrophils.
AuthorsRaccosta L, Fontana R, Maggioni D, Lanterna C, Villablanca EJ, Paniccia A, Musumeci A, Chiricozzi E, Trincavelli ML, Daniele S, Martini C, Gustafsson JA, Doglioni C, Feo SG, Leiva A, Ciampa MG, Mauri L, Sensi C, Prinetti A, Eberini I, Mora JR, Bordignon C, Steffensen KR, Sonnino S, Sozzani S, Traversari C, Russo V,
Journal
PubMed ID23897983
'Tumor-infiltrating immune cells can be conditioned by molecules released within the microenvironment to thwart antitumor immune responses, thereby facilitating tumor growth. Among immune cells, neutrophils play an important protumorigenic role by favoring neoangiogenesis and/or by suppressing antitumor immune responses. Tumor-derived oxysterols have recently been shown to favor tumor growth by ... More
ZRANB3 is a structure-specific ATP-dependent endonuclease involved in replication stress response.
AuthorsWeston R, Peeters H, Ahel D,
JournalGenes Dev
PubMed ID22759634
To efficiently duplicate their genomic content, cells must overcome DNA lesions that interfere with processive DNA replication. These lesions may be removed and repaired, rather than just tolerated, to allow continuity of DNA replication on an undamaged DNA template. However, it is unclear how this is achieved at a molecular ... More
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells sense hepatitis C virus-infected cells, produce interferon, and inhibit infection.
AuthorsTakahashi K, Asabe S, Wieland S, Garaigorta U, Gastaminza P, Isogawa M, Chisari FV,
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID20231459
Hepatitis C virus (HCV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus that infects >170 million people worldwide and causes acute and chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Despite its ability to block the innate host response in infected hepatocyte cell lines in vitro, HCV induces ... More
CD8+ T cell responses to lytic EBV infection: late antigen specificities as subdominant components of the total response.
EBV elicits primary CD8(+) T cell responses that, by T cell cloning from infectious mononucleosis (IM) patients, appear skewed toward immediate early (IE) and some early (E) lytic cycle proteins, with late (L) proteins rarely targeted. However, L Ag-specific responses have been detected regularly in polyclonal T cell cultures from ... More
Deficiency of terminal ADP-ribose protein glycohydrolase TARG1/C6orf130 in neurodegenerative disease.
AuthorsSharifi R, Morra R, Appel CD, Tallis M, Chioza B, Jankevicius G, Simpson MA, Matic I, Ozkan E, Golia B, Schellenberg MJ, Weston R, Williams JG, Rossi MN, Galehdari H, Krahn J, Wan A, Trembath RC, Crosby AH, Ahel D, Hay R, Ladurner AG, Timinszky G, Williams RS, Ahel I,
JournalEMBO J
PubMed ID23481255
Adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribosylation is a post-translational protein modification implicated in the regulation of a range of cellular processes. A family of proteins that catalyse ADP-ribosylation reactions are the poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) polymerases (PARPs). PARPs covalently attach an ADP-ribose nucleotide to target proteins and some PARP family members can subsequently add additional ... More
G-CSF activation of AKT is not sufficient to prolong neutrophil survival.
AuthorsSouza LR, Silva E, Calloway E, Cabrera C, McLemore ML,
JournalJ Leukoc Biol
PubMed ID23559492
Neutrophils play an important role in the innate immune response against bacterial and fungal infections. They have a short lifespan in circulation, and their survival can be modulated by several cytokines, including G-CSF. Previous studies have implicated AKT as a critical signaling intermediary in the regulation of neutrophil survival. Our ... More
Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity against primary HIV-infected CD4+ T cells is directly associated with the magnitude of surface IgG binding.
AuthorsSmalls-Mantey A, Doria-Rose N, Klein R, Patamawenu A, Migueles SA, Ko SY, Hallahan CW, Wong H, Liu B, You L, Scheid J, Kappes JC, Ochsenbauer C, Nabel GJ, Mascola JR, Connors M
JournalJ Virol
PubMed ID22674985
Antibody (Ab)-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) is thought to potentially play a role in vaccine-induced protection from HIV-1. The characteristics of such antibodies remain incompletely understood. Furthermore, correlates between ADCC and HIV-1 immune status are not clearly defined. We screened the sera of 20 HIV-1-positive (HIV-1(+)) patients for ADCC. Normal human ... More