Molecular counting of low-density lipoprotein particles as individuals and small clusters on cell surfaces.
AuthorsGross D, Webb WW
JournalBiophys J
PubMed ID3719072
'We employ the intensely fluorescent analogue diI-LDL (Barak, L. S., and W. W. Webb, 1981, J. Cell Biol. 90:595-604) as a counting marker to determine the numbers of LDL-receptor complexes that are contained in clusters on the surfaces of human fibroblasts and human epidermoid carcinoma cells. The application of quantitative ... More
Receptor-mediated transcytosis of transferrin across the blood-brain barrier.
AuthorsFishman JB, Rubin JB, Handrahan JV, Connor JR, Fine RE
JournalJ Neurosci Res
PubMed ID3694713
'The perfusion of rat brain with 125I-transferrin resulted in a receptor-mediated uptake of transferrin into the endothelium of the blood-brain barrier followed by its detection in the brain. During a pulse-chase experiment, 125I-transferrin accumulated in the endothelial cells during the pulse, with a decrease of this intraendothelial radioactivity during the ... More
Uptake and trafficking of liposomes to the endoplasmic reticulum.
AuthorsPollock S, Antrobus R, Newton L, Kampa B, Rossa J, Latham S, Nichita NB, Dwek RA, Zitzmann N,
JournalFASEB J
PubMed ID20097877
'Liposomes are vesicular structures consisting of an aqueous core surrounded by a lipid bilayer. Apart from the cytosol and lysosomes, no other intracellular compartment has been successfully targeted using liposomal delivery. Here, we report the development of liposomes capable of specific targeting to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and associated membranes. ... More
Role of lysine residues of plasma lipoproteins in high affinity binding to cell surface receptors on human fibroblasts.
AuthorsWeisgraber KH, Innerarity TL, Mahley RW
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID214439
'The low density lipoprotein (LDL) cell surface receptors on human fibroblasts grown in culture bind specific plasma lipoproteins, initiating a series of events which regulate intracellular cholesterol metabolism. Specificity for the interaction with the receptors resides with the protein moieties of the lipoproteins, specifically with the B and E apoproteins ... More
In situ labelling of vascular endothelium with fluorescent acetylated low density lipoprotein.
AuthorsNetland PA, Zetter BR, Via DP, Voyta JC
JournalHistochem J
PubMed ID3833857
'Acetylated low density lipoprotein is metabolized by a receptor-mediated process in endothelial cells. We have used the lipoprotein labelled with the fluorescent probe 1,1''-dioctadecyl-3,3,3'',3''-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate to localize endothelial cells lining blood vessels. Following intravenous injection of the labelled lipoprotein, the vascular sinusoids and all other hepatic blood vessels were clearly ... More
Correction of the genetic defect in hepatocytes from the Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic rabbit.
AuthorsWilson JM, Johnston DE, Jefferson DM, Mulligan RC
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID2454468
'Familial hypercholesterolemia is an inherited disease in humans that is caused by a defect in the receptor for low density lipoproteins (LDLR). The existence of an animal model for this disease, the Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic (WHHL) rabbit, makes it an attractive candidate for developing new therapies that involve gene transfer ... More
An improved method on stimulated T-lymphocytes to functionally characterize novel and known LDLR mutations.
AuthorsRomano M, Di Taranto MD, Mirabelli P, D'Agostino MN, Iannuzzi A, Marotta G, Gentile M, Raia M, Di Noto R, Del Vecchio L, Rubba P, Fortunato G,
JournalJ Lipid Res
PubMed ID21865347
'The main causes of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) are mutations in LDL receptor (LDLR) gene. Functional studies are necessary to demonstrate the LDLR function impairment caused by mutations and would be useful as a diagnostic tool if they allow discrimination between FH patients and controls. In order to identify the best ... More
Scavenger receptor classes A and B. Their roles in atherogenesis and the metabolism of modified LDL and HDL.
AuthorsVan Berkel TJ, Van Eck M, Herijgers N, Fluiter K, Nion S
JournalAnn N Y Acad Sci
PubMed ID10865831
'Scavenger-receptor class A has been held responsible for the clearance of modified LDL from the blood circulation. However, in mice deficient in scavenger-receptor class A, the decay in vivo of acetylated LDL (t1/2 < 2 min), as well as tissue distribution and liver uptake (at 5 min 77.4 +/- 4.6% ... More
Fluorescence studies of macrophage recognition and endocytosis of native and acetylated low-density lipoprotein.
AuthorsBerg KA, Berry ML, Sapareto SA, Petty HR
JournalBiochim Biophys Acta
PubMed ID3730431
'Macrophage recognition and endocytosis of 1,1''-dioctadecyl-3,3,3'',3''-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate (diI)-labeled low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and acetyl LDL (Ac-LDL) was studied using fluorescence flow cytometry and fluorescence video intensification microscopy. RAW264 macrophages and U937 monocytes were grown in the tissue culture media in the presence and absence of LDL and Ac-LDL. Several lines of ... More
Interaction of the sperm adhesive protein, bindin, with phospholipid vesicles. I. Specific association of bindin with gel-phase phospholipid vesicles.
AuthorsGlabe CG
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID3972895
'Bindin is a 30,000-mol-wt protein of sea urchin sperm that is responsible for the specific adhesion of the sperm acrosomal process to the vitelline layer covering the egg plasma membrane during fertilization. Sulfated glycoconjugates are believed to be the egg surface receptors for bindin, but the mechanism by which bindin ... More
Expression of the acetyl low density lipoprotein receptor by rabbit fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells. Up-regulation by phorbol esters.
AuthorsPitas RE
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID2373709
'The acetyl low density lipoprotein (LDL), or scavenger, receptor, which binds modified forms of LDL, was thought to be expressed only on macrophages and endothelial cells. We demonstrate that rabbit fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells bind, internalize, and degrade acetoacetylated LDL, a ligand for the acetyl LDL receptor. Degradation is ... More
Lipoprotein uptake in primary cell cultures of rabbit atherosclerotic lesions. A fluorescence microscopic and flow cytometric study.
AuthorsJaakkola O, Kallioniemi OP, Nikkari T
JournalAtherosclerosis
PubMed ID3348844
'To characterize the lipoprotein metabolism of lipid-filled cells of atherosclerotic lesions, uptake of 3,3''-dioctadecylindocarbocyanine (DiI)-labelled low density lipoprotein (LDL), acetylated LDL (Ac-LDL) and beta-very low density lipoprotein (beta-VLDL) was studied by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry in primary cultures of enzymatically dispersed aortic cells from cholesterol-fed rabbits. Most of the ... More
Induction of macrophage antitumor activity by acetylated low density lipoprotein containing lipophilic muramyl tripeptide.
AuthorsShaw JM, Futch WS, Schook LB
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID3413079
'A method has been developed for the selective delivery of lipophilic immunomodulators to macrophages, which results in the induction of antitumor activity. This method utilizes exhaustively acetylated low density lipoprotein (acetyl-LDL) to deliver the lipophilic immunomodulator, muramyl tripeptide phosphatidylethanolamine (MTP-PtdEtn; amide composed of N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamyl-L-alanine and dipalmitoyl phosphatidylethanolamine) to macrophages (M ... More
The mysteries of lipoprotein(a).
AuthorsUtermann G
JournalScience
PubMed ID2530631
'Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a macromolecular complex found in human plasma that combines structural elements from the lipoprotein and blood clotting systems and that is associated with premature coronary heart disease and stroke. It is assembled from low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and a large hydrophilic glycoprotein called apolipoprotein(a) [apo(a)], which is homologous ... More
Specific binding of human low-density lipoprotein to the surface of schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni and ingestion by the parasite.
AuthorsBennett MW, Caulfield JP
JournalAm J Pathol
PubMed ID2024706
'Low-density lipoproteins (LDL) may be important in human schistosomiasis because LDL bound to the surface of the parasite inhibits the binding of anti-schistosomal antibodies. Low-density lipoproteins also may serve as a source of lipids for the parasite membrane synthesis. Here LDL fluorescently labeled with carbocyanine dye (DiI-LDL) was used to ... More
Low-density lipoprotein as a vehicle for targeting antitumor compounds to cancer cells.
AuthorsFirestone RA
JournalBioconjug Chem
PubMed ID8031872
A novel method for recognition of organic molecules on biomembranes: fluorescence studies on strychnine.
AuthorsBhattacharyya A, Bhattacharyya PK
JournalIndian J Biochem Biophys
PubMed ID6800932
Receptor-mediated endocytosis of low-density lipoprotein in cultured cells.
AuthorsGoldstein JL, Basu SK, Brown MS
JournalMethods Enzymol
PubMed ID6321901
Role of phospholipid transfer protein in high-density lipoprotein metabolism: insights from studies in transgenic mice.
AuthorsVan Tol A, Jauhiainen M, De Crom R, Ehnholm C
JournalInt J Tissue React
PubMed ID10937357
Metabolism of lipoproteins labeled with fluorescent indocarbocyanine dyes for in vitro studies of atherogenesis.
AuthorsReynolds GD
JournalSurv Synth Pathol Res
PubMed ID3939385
Generation of superoxide anion by brain endothelial cell xanthine oxidase.
AuthorsTerada LS, Willingham IR, Rosandich ME, Leff JA, Kindt GW, Repine JE
JournalJ Cell Physiol
PubMed ID1652587
Bovine brain endothelial cells (EC) that were isolated and propagated in pure culture had increased (greater than 20-fold) levels of xanthine oxidase and xanthine dehydrogenase activity compared to whole brain homogenate. Brain EC also released superoxide anion (O2-) into the extracellular medium. Treatment of EC with tungsten decreased (P less ... More
Type I macrophage scavenger receptor contains alpha-helical and collagen-like coiled coils.
AuthorsKodama T, Freeman M, Rohrer L, Zabrecky J, Matsudaira P, Krieger M
JournalNature
PubMed ID2300204
The macrophage scavenger receptor is a trimeric membrane glycoprotein with unusual ligand-binding properties which has been implicated in the development of atherosclerosis. The trimeric structure of the bovine type I scavenger receptor, deduced by complementary DNA cloning, contains three extracellular C-terminal cysteine-rich domains connected to the transmembrane domain by a ... More
The role of oxidized low-density lipoproteins in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.
AuthorsParthasarathy S, Steinberg D, Witztum JL
JournalAnnu Rev Med
PubMed ID1580586
Hypercholesterolemia is a major risk for atherogenesis. Recent evidence suggests that oxidative modification of the major cholesterol-carrying lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), renders it more atherogenic. Not only does oxidized LDL (Ox-LDL) have enhanced uptake by macrophages, which contributes directly to foam cell formation, it may also adversely affect many other ... More
Glycine receptor heterogeneity in rat spinal cord during postnatal development.
AuthorsBecker CM, Hoch W, Betz H
JournalEMBO J
PubMed ID2850172
Two different isoforms of the inhibitory glycine receptor were identified during postnatal development of rat spinal cord. A neonatal form characterized by low strychnine binding affinity, altered antigenicity, and a ligand binding subunit differing in mol. wt (49 kd) from that of the adult receptor (48 kd) predominates at birth ... More
Brain peptides and glial growth. II. Identification of cells that secrete glia-promoting factors.
AuthorsGiulian D, Young DG
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID3949881
Glia-promoting factors (GPFs) are brain peptides which stimulate growth of specific macroglial populations in vitro. To identify the cellular sources of GPFs, we examined enriched brain cell cultures and cell lines derived from the nervous system for the production of growth factors. Ameboid microglia secreted astroglia-stimulating peptides, while growing neurons ... More
Simple method for comparing large numbers of flow cytometry histograms exemplified by analysis of the CD4 (T4) antigen and LDL receptor on human peripheral blood lymphocytes.
AuthorsTraill KN, Böck G, Winter U, Hilchenbach M, Jürgens G, Wick G
JournalJ Histochem Cytochem
PubMed ID2426348
We have developed a simple method for comparing the relative fluorescence intensity (FI) of flow cytometry histograms. It entails assessment of the FI (equivalent to the fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) channel) of the 50th or 75th percentiles of either positively stained cells or the total cell population. We illustrate the ... More
Increased uptake of monocyte-treated low density lipoproteins by aortic endothelium in vivo.
AuthorsGörög P, Kakkar VV
JournalAtherosclerosis
PubMed ID3038135
A new technique was elaborated for measuring LDL uptake by rat aortic endothelial cells in vivo, using a fluorescent marker (Dil)-labelled LDL and quantifying the fluorescence in cells selectively removed from the aorta. This technique was used to study the endothelial uptake of LDL modified by activated human monocytes (LDL-A) ... More
Scavenger receptors that recognize advanced glycation end products.
AuthorsMiyazaki A, Nakayama H, Horiuchi S
JournalTrends Cardiovasc Med
PubMed ID12242049
Scavenger receptors recognize modified low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) such as acetylated LDL and oxidized LDL. Advanced glycation end products (AGE), which are generated through long-term exposure of proteins to glucose, also behave as active ligands for some scavenger receptors, including class A scavenger receptor (SR-A) and class B scavenger receptors such ... More
Restoration of LDL receptor activity in mutant cells by intercellular junctional communication.
AuthorsHobbie L, Kingsley DM, Kozarsky KF, Jackman RW, Krieger M
JournalScience
PubMed ID3798096
Exchange of small molecules between cells through intercellular junctions is a widespread phenomenon implicated in many physiological and developmental processes. This type of intercellular communication can restore the activity of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors in mammalian cells that are deficient in the enzyme UDP-Gal/UDP-GalNAc 4-epimerase. Pure cultures of the 4-epimerase ... More
Radioiodination of human low density lipoprotein: a comparison of four methods.
AuthorsShepherd J, Bedford DK, Morgan HG
JournalClin Chim Acta
PubMed ID4242
A comparison has been made of four labelling techniques used to radioiodinate human low density lipoprotein (LDL). (1) Chloramine T iodination at pH 7.4 was 20-25% efficient and gave a product immunologically indistinguishable from native LDL. Approximately 30% of the incorporated radioactivity, however, was found in LDL lipids, and the ... More
Receptor-mediated endocytosis of low density lipoprotein: somatic cell mutants define multiple genes required for expression of surface-receptor activity.
AuthorsKingsley DM, Krieger M
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID6089204
We have used cell fusion and mutant reversion analysis to study a collection of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell mutants that are unable to bind and internalize low density lipoprotein (LDL). Pairwise cell fusions show that these LDL receptor-deficient mutants fall into three recessive complementation groups, ldlA, ldlB, and ldlC. ... More
Microglial mitogens are produced in the developing and injured mammalian brain.
AuthorsGiulian D, Johnson B, Krebs JF, George JK, Tapscott M
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID1988464
The central nervous system produces growth factors that stimulate proliferation of ameboid microglia during embryogenesis and after traumatic injury. Two microglial mitogens (MMs) are recovered from the brain of newborn rat. MM1 has an approximate molecular mass of 50 kD and a pI of approximately 6.8; MM2 has a molecular ... More
Degradation of cationized low density lipoprotein and regulation of cholesterol metabolism in homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia fibroblasts.
AuthorsBasu SK, Goldstein JL, Anderson GW, Brown MS
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID184464
Cultured fibroblasts derived from patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia, which lack functional low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors, fail to bind, take up, or degrade the lipoprotein with high affinity; therefore LDL-cholesterol is not made available for suppression of cholesterol synthesis or activation of cholesteryl ester formation. When LDL was given ... More
Fluorescent low density lipoprotein for observation of dynamics of individual receptor complexes on cultured human fibroblasts.
AuthorsBarak LS, Webb WW
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID6270157
The visible wavelength excited fluorophore 3,3'-dioctadecylindocarbocyanine iodide (Dil[3]) was incorporated into human low density lipoprotein (LDL) to form the highly fluorescent LDL derivative dil(3)-LDL. Dil(3)-LDL binds to normal human fibroblasts and to human fibroblasts defective in LDL receptor internalization but does not bind to LDL receptor-negative human fibroblasts at 4 ... More
Three types of low density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mutant have pleiotropic defects in the synthesis of N-linked, O-linked, and lipid-linked carbohydrate chains.
AuthorsKingsley DM, Kozarsky KF, Segal M, Krieger M
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID3700466
Biochemical, immunological, and genetic techniques were used to investigate the genetic defects in three types of low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-deficient hamster cells. The previously isolated ldlB, ldlC, and ldlD mutants all synthesized essentially normal amounts of a 125,000-D precursor form of the LDL receptor, but were unable to process ... More
Inhibition of in vitro tumor cell invasion by Arg-Gly-Asp-containing synthetic peptides.
AuthorsGehlsen KR, Argraves WS, Pierschbacher MD, Ruoslahti E
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID2450101
The interaction of cells with extracellular matrix components such as fibronectin, vitronectin, and type I collagen has been shown to be mediated through a family of cell-surface receptors that specifically recognize an arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) amino acid sequence within each protein. Synthetic peptides containing the RGD sequence can inhibit these ... More
Acetoacetylated lipoproteins used to distinguish fibroblasts from macrophages in vitro by fluorescence microscopy.
AuthorsPitas RE, Innerarity TL, Weinstein JN, Mahley RW
JournalArteriosclerosis
PubMed ID6895305
We have developed a procedure for labeling lipoproteins with the fluorescent probe 3,3'-dioctadecylindocarbocyanine (Dil) and have used Dil-labeled native and acetoacetylated lipoproteins to differentiate macrophages from fibroblasts in mixed cell culture. Lipoproteins labeled with this probe were suitable for the direct viewing of their binding and internalization by cells in ... More
A comparative microscopic and biochemical study of the uptake of fluorescent and 125I-labeled lipoproteins by skin fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, and peritoneal macrophages in culture.
AuthorsReynolds GD, St Clair RW
JournalAm J Pathol
PubMed ID3840653
Uptake of low density lipoprotein (LDL) and of acetyl LDL was compared in skin fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, and peritoneal macrophages with the use of lipoproteins labeled with either 125I or the fluorescent probe 3,3'-dioctadecylindocarbocyanine (DiI). The uptake of DiI-labeled lipoproteins was assessed by quantitative spectrofluorometry and by fluorescence microscopy. ... More
The low density lipoprotein receptor.
AuthorsSchneider WJ
JournalBiochim Biophys Acta
PubMed ID2655710
The study of familial hypercholesterolemia at the molecular level has led to its advancement from a clinical syndrome to a fascinating experimental system. FH was first described 50 years ago by Carl Müller who concluded that the disease produces high plasma cholesterol levels and myocardial infarctions in young people, and ... More
Roles of lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1 and its soluble forms in atherogenesis.
AuthorsKume N, Kita T
JournalCurr Opin Lipidol
PubMed ID11507327
Lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor (LOX)-1 is a type II membrane protein that belongs to the C-type lectin family of molecules, which can act as a cell-surface endocytosis receptor for atherogenic oxidized LDL. LOX-1 can support binding, internalization and proteolytic degradation of oxidized LDL, but not of significant amounts of acetylated ... More
Endothelium-derived vasoactive mediators and renal glomerular function.
AuthorsBallermann BJ, Marsden PA
JournalClin Invest Med
PubMed ID1794204
Glomerular endothelial cells are located in extremely close proximity to glomerular mesangial cells, without intervening basement membrane. This close apposition of the two cell types suggest that interactions between the cells should readily occur. Given that endothelial cells are known to produce mediators which regulate the tone of underlying vascular ... More
Ultraviolet-treated lipoproteins as a model system for the study of the biological effects of lipid peroxides on cultured cells. II. Uptake and cytotoxicity of ultraviolet-treated LDL on lymphoid cell lines.
AuthorsNegre-Salvayre A, Lopez M, Levade T, Pieraggi MT, Dousset N, Douste-Blazy L, Salvayre R
JournalBiochim Biophys Acta
PubMed ID2386794
The 'cytotoxicity' of ultraviolet-treated low-density lipoproteins (LDL) has been investigated using cultured lymphoid cell lines from normal subjects and from a patient with receptor-negative familial hypercholesterolemia. The ultraviolet-treated LDL were taken up by control lymphoblasts through the classical apo B/E-receptor pathway, while they were slowly taken up by receptor-negative lymphoblasts ... More
The Role of Cholesterol on Triterpenoid Saponin-Induced Endolysosomal Escape of a Saporin-Based Immunotoxin.
Authors
JournalInt J Mol Sci
PubMed ID33228031
Neural stem cells for disease modeling of Wolman disease and evaluation of therapeutics.
Authors
JournalOrphanet J Rare Dis
PubMed ID28659158
Interleukin-17 Drives Interstitial Entrapment of Tissue Lipoproteins in Experimental Psoriasis.
Authors
JournalCell Metab
PubMed ID30415924
Differential Signaling Mediated by ApoE2, ApoE3, and ApoE4 in Human Neurons Parallels Alzheimer's Disease Risk.
Authors
JournalJ Neurosci
PubMed ID31331998
Novel Insights Into Sterol Uptake and Intracellular Cholesterol Trafficking During Eimeria bovis Macromeront Formation.