Direct measurement of neutrophil F-actin content in microvolume whole blood samples.
AuthorsChen WY,Lei HY,Wang JY,Lu CC
JournalInternational archives of allergy and immunology
PubMed ID8768799
Fluorescence light microscopy of F-actin in retinal rods and glial cells.
AuthorsDel Priore LV, Lewis A, Tan S, Carley WW, Webb WW
JournalInvest Ophthalmol Vis Sci
PubMed ID3104228
The actin cytoskeleton of rod photoreceptors and glial cells in toad retina has been directly viewed using fluorescence microscopy of cells labeled with a potent phallotoxin that specifically binds to F-actin. The three-dimensional organization of this cytoskeletal protein consists of actin filaments, which course through the inner segment and end ... More
Importance of MEK in neutrophil microbicidal responsiveness.
'Exposure of neutrophils to inflammatory stimuli such as the chemoattractant FMLP leads to activation of responses including cell motility, the oxidative burst, and secretion of proteolytic enzymes. A signaling cascade involving sequential activation of Raf-1, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK), and extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) is also rapidly activated after ... More
7-Nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazole (NBD)--phallacidin: synthesis of a fluorescent actin probe.
AuthorsBarak LS, Yocum RR
JournalAnal Biochem
PubMed ID6894219
Increase in actin contents and elongation of apical projections in retinal pigmented epithelial cells during development of the chicken eye.
AuthorsOwaribe K, Eguchi G
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID3894378
'The structural and biochemical changes of cytoskeletal components of retinal pigmented epithelial cells were studied during the development of chicken eyes. When the cytoskeletal components of the pigmented epithelial cells from various stages of development were examined by SDS PAGE, actin contents in the cells markedly increased between the 15-d-old ... More
Involvement of P2-purinergic receptors in intracellular Ca2+ responses and the contraction of mammary myoepithelial cells.
AuthorsNakano H, Furuya K, Furuya S, Yamagishi S
JournalPflugers Arch
PubMed ID9359897
'Mammary myoepithelial cells were isolated and cultured to characterize their properties. The intracellular calcium concentration (Cai2+) was measured using the ratio of fura-2 fluorescence at 340 nm to that at 360 nm (F340/F360), and the contraction was simultaneously monitored by the change of fluorescence intensity at 360 nm (F360). Cultured ... More
'Gelsolins are actin-binding proteins that cap, nucleate, and sever actin filaments. Microinjection of cytoplasmic or plasma gelsolin into living fibroblasts and macrophages did not affect the shape, actin distribution, deformability, or ruffling activity of the cells. Gelsolin requires calcium for activity, but the NH2-terminal half is active without calcium. Microinjection ... More
Disruption of the actin cytoskeleton up-regulates iNOS expression in vascular smooth muscle cells.
AuthorsHattori Y, Kasai K
JournalJ Cardiovasc Pharmacol
PubMed ID14716207
'Cytokines and bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induce the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), resulting in the release of nitric oxide (NO) from vascular smooth muscle cells. We here demonstrated that disruption of F-actin formation by sequestration of G-actin with the toxin latrunculin B (Lat B) dramatically potentiated LPS-induced iNOS ... More
Relationship of F-actin distribution to development of polar shape in human polymorphonuclear neutrophils.
AuthorsCoates TD, Watts RG, Hartman R, Howard TH
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID1577856
'Polymerization of actin has been associated with development of polar shape in human neutrophils (PMN). To examine the relation of filamentous actin (F-actin) distribution to shape change in PMN, we developed a method using computerized video image analysis and fluorescence microscopy to quantify distribution of F-actin in single cells. PMN ... More
Intracellular distribution of ibuprofen within monocytes.
AuthorsMenzel EJ, Binder M, Kolarz G
JournalArzneimittelforschung
PubMed ID8740086
'The interaction of ibuprofen (CAS 15687-27-1) with muscle proteins was investigated in vitro and binding to actin was found to be more marked than to other muscle proteins. Actin polymerization, however, was not influenced by this interaction. The kinetics of ibuprofen internalization by human monocytes/macrophages from peripheral blood at 37 ... More
Chemotactic peptide modulation of actin assembly and locomotion in neutrophils.
AuthorsHoward TH, Meyer WH
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID6232281
'To determine the relationship between the state of actin polymerization in neutrophils and the formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP)-induced changes in the locomotive behavior of neutrophils, the mean rate of locomotion (mROL), the percent G-actin, and the relative F-actin content of neutrophils were determined. The mROL was quantified by analysis of the locomotion ... More
Actin assembly in electropermeabilized neutrophils: role of intracellular calcium.
AuthorsDowney GP, Chan CK, Trudel S, Grinstein S
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID2112547
'Assembly of microfilaments involves the conversion of actin from the monomeric (G) to the filamentous (F) form. The exact sequence of events responsible for this conversion is yet to be defined and, in particular, the role of calcium remains unclear. Intact and electropermeabilized human neutrophils were used to assess more ... More
Chemoattractant-induced cytoplasmic pH changes and cytoskeletal reorganization in human neutrophils. Relationship to the stimulated calcium transients and oxidative burst.
AuthorsNaccache PH, Therrien S, Caon AC, Liao N, Gilbert C, McColl SR
JournalJ Immunol
PubMed ID2538509
'The relationships between the chemotactic factor-stimulated mobilization of calcium, activation of the NADPH-oxidase, changes in cytosolic pH, and in the level of polymerized actin in human neutrophils have been examined. The approach taken was to use intracellular calcium chelators, and pharmacologic modulators (both positive and negative) of the NADPH-oxidase to ... More
Motility of human polymorphonuclear neutrophils: microscopic analysis of substrate adhesion and distribution of F-actin.
AuthorsSullivan JA, Mandell GL
JournalCell Motil
PubMed ID6342812
'Directed movement of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) requires cell polarization and the orderly making and breaking of cell-substrate contacts. We compared the movement of human PMN suspended from the underside of glass coverslips to that of PMN seen in "profile" on fibers, using brightfield, differential interference contrast and reflection interference microscopy. ... More
Interferon suppresses pinocytosis but stimulates phagocytosis in mouse peritoneal macrophages: related changes in cytoskeletal organization.
AuthorsWang E, Michl J, Pfeffer LM, Silverstein SC, Tamm I
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID6371020
'Treatment of thioglycolate-elicited macrophages with mouse beta-interferon markedly reduces pinocytosis of horseradish peroxidase and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran but stimulates phagocytosis of IgG-coated sheep erythrocytes. Experiments with FITC-dextran have revealed that the overall decrease in pinocytosis is due to a nearly complete inhibition of pinocytosis in a large fraction of interferon-treated ... More
Localization of actin during differentiation of the ameloblast, its related epithelial cells and odontoblasts in the rat incisor using NBD-phallacidin.
AuthorsNishikawa S, Kitamura H
JournalDifferentiation
PubMed ID3699311
'Using NBD-phallacidin, which specifically binds to F-actin, we investigated changes in the localization of actin during the differentiation of ameloblasts, related epithelial cells and odontoblasts in rat incisors. In cryosections treated with NBD-phallacidin, intense fluorescence was observed in undifferentiated epithelial cells in the apical loop and at the proximal extremity ... More
Inhibition of lysophosphatidate- and thrombin-induced neurite retraction and neuronal cell rounding by ADP ribosylation of the small GTP-binding protein Rho.
AuthorsJalink K, van Corven EJ, Hengeveld T, Morii N, Narumiya S, Moolenaar WH
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID8045941
'Addition of the bioactive phospholipid lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) or a thrombin receptor-activating peptide (TRP) to serum-starved N1E-115 or NG108-15 neuronal cells causes rapid growth cone collapse, neurite retraction, and transient rounding of the cell body. These shape changes appear to be driven by receptor-mediated contraction of the cortical actomyosin system ... More
Microtubules, microfilaments and adhesion patterns in differentiating chick retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells in vitro.
AuthorsTurksen K, Opas M, Aubin JE, Kalnins VI
JournalExp Cell Res
PubMed ID6684589
'The distribution of microtubules (MT), microfilaments (MF), and patterns of cell-to-substratum adhesion were studied by tubulin antibody labeling, NBD-phallacidin staining and by reflection interference contrast (RIC) microscopy respectively in colonies of differentiating RPE cells obtained from explants after 10 days in culture. In each colony three zones could be identified: ... More
Na+/Pi co-transport alters rapidly cytoskeletal protein polymerization dynamics in opossum kidney cells.
AuthorsPapakonstanti EA, Emmanouel DS, Gravanis A, Stournaras C
JournalBiochem J
PubMed ID8670113
'We studied with biochemical and immunofluorescent techniques the interactions between the actin microfilament and tubulin microtubule cytoskeleton and Na+/P1 co-transport in opossum kidney cells, a line with proximal tubular characteristics. On brief (5 min) incubation of the cells with a low (0.1 mM) concentration of Pi, a rapid F-actin depolymerization ... More
Effects of ultraviolet B irradiation on cell-cell interaction; implication of morphological changes and actin filaments in irradiated cells.
AuthorsMaekawa TL, Takahashi TA, Fujihara M, Akasaka J, Fujikawa S, Minami M, Sekiguchi S
JournalClin Exp Immunol
PubMed ID8706350
'We studied the effects of ultraviolet B (UV-B) irradiation on cell-cell interactions using mouse lymphoma RMA cells and T cell hybridoma HTB-176.10. RMA cells act as stimulators by presenting H-2Kb surface antigens to HTB-176.10 cells, inducing IL-2 production in HTB-176.10 cells. Irradiating RMA cells with 1000J/m2 UV-B suppressed cell cluster ... More
Influence of botulinum C2 toxin on F-actin and N-formyl peptide receptor dynamics in human neutrophils.
AuthorsNorgauer J, Just I, Aktories K, Sklar LA
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID2768337
'Stimulation of human neutrophils with the chemotactic N-formyl peptide causes production of oxygen radicals and conversion of monomeric actin (G-actin) to polymeric actin (F-actin). The effects of the binary botulinum C2 toxin on the amount of F-actin and on neutrophil cell responses were studied. Two different methods for analyzing the ... More
Multiple labeling of cellular constituents by combining surface reflection interference and fluorescence microscopy.
AuthorsOpas M, Kalnins VI
JournalExp Cell Biol
PubMed ID2412907
'In this paper the technique for visualizing cytoskeleton in detergent-extracted cultured cells by surface reflection interference (SRI) microscopy after staining with the protein dye Coomassie Brilliant Blue (SRI-CooB technique) is used in conjunction with fluorescently-labeled antibodies or with other fluorescent probes to detect a number of constituents in the same ... More
'Microinjected 0.26-micron fluorescent, carboxylated microspheres were found to display classical saltatory motion in tissue culture cells. The movement of a given particle was characterized by a discontinuous velocity distribution and was unaffected by the activity of adjacent particles. The microspheres were translocated at velocities of up to 4.7 micron/s and ... More
Phallacidin prevents thrombin-induced increases in endothelial permeability to albumin.
AuthorsPhillips PG, Lum H, Malik AB, Tsan MF
JournalAm J Physiol
PubMed ID2782396
'Calf pulmonary artery endothelial monolayers cultured on polycarbonate filters were utilized to study 125I-labeled albumin permeability and actin filament distribution in response to thrombin challenge. Thirty-minute exposure to alpha-thrombin (10(-7) M) significantly increased albumin clearance rates. These changes were associated with marked alterations in actin filament distribution, resulting in loss ... More
Tension and compression in the cytoskeleton of PC 12 neurites.
AuthorsJoshi HC, Chu D, Buxbaum RE, Heidemann SR
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID2863274
'We report in this article that the retraction of PC 12 neurites, unlike that of other cultured neurons, is due to tension within the neurite. Retraction is rapid and independent of metabolic energy. Transection of one arm of a branched neurite immediately causes the remaining arm to take up a ... More
Fluorescence staining of the actin cytoskeleton in living cells with 7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazole-phallacidin.
AuthorsBarak LS, Yocum RR, Nothnagel EA, Webb WW
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID6928695
'An active fluorescent derivative of the actin-binding mushroom toxin phallacidin has been synthesized. Convenient methods were developed to stain actin cytoskeletal structures in living and fixed cultured animal cells and actively streaming algal cells. Actin binding specificity was demonstrated by competitive binding experiments and comparative staining of well-known structures. Large ... More
Comparison of actin changes and calcium metabolism in plastic- and fibronectin-adherent human neutrophils.
AuthorsGinis I, Zaner K, Wang JS, Pavlotsky N, Tauber AI
JournalJ Immunol
PubMed ID1500723
'Human neutrophils adherent to a polystyrene plastic surface are vigorously activated, whereas those adherent to fibronectin manifest only a priming response. The basis of these metabolic differences was further characterized; polystyrene-adherent cells, which were shown to spread quickly upon adhesion, exhibited an increase of cytoskeleton-associated actin (F-actin) (measured by a ... More
Activation of protein kinase C in rat basophilic leukemia cells stimulates increased production of phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate: correlation with actin polymerization.
AuthorsApgar JR
JournalMol Biol Cell
PubMed ID7749199
'Cross-linking of the immunoglobulin E receptor on rat basophilic leukemia (RBL)1 cells by multivalent antigen activates phosphatidylinositol (PI) kinase and phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PIP) kinase leading to the increased production of PIP and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2). Activators of protein kinase C (PKC), such as phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and the synthetic ... More
Eotaxin-2 activates chemotaxis-related events and release of reactive oxygen species via pertussis toxin-sensitive G proteins in human eosinophils.
'Eosinophils play an important role in allergic and autoimmune diseases. They are activated by distinct chemokines, leading to the immigration into the inflamed tissue, and mediate tissue damage by releasing reactive oxygen species. Recently, eotaxin was found to have the broadest spectrum of activities of all eosinophil-activating CC chemokines. In ... More
The localization of actin in dividing corneal endothelial cells demonstrated with nitrobenzoxadiazole phallacidin.
AuthorsGordon SR
JournalCell Tissue Res
PubMed ID6839351
'The distribution of actin in dividing endothelial cells of the rat cornea was studied by fluorescence microscopy by means of the nitrobenzoxadiazole conjugated derivative of the actin-binding toxin phallacidin (NBD-Ph). In normal noninjured tissue, fluorescence is limited to an area at or near the plasma membrane. Twenty-four hours after a ... More
Localization of actin in Chlamydomonas using antiactin and NBD-phallacidin.
AuthorsDetmers PA, Carboni JM, Condeelis J
JournalCell Motil
PubMed ID2415259
'We have localized actin in gametes of Chlamydomonas reinhardi by two approaches: (1) indirect immunofluorescence with an affinity-purified antibody and (2) staining with NBD-phallacidin, a fluorescent reagent that binds only to F-actin [Barak et al, 1980, Proc Natl Acad Sci, 77:980-984]. Staining of either mating type "plus" (mt+) or "minus" ... More
Effects of fibronectin on actin organization and respiratory burst activity in neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages.
AuthorsYang KD, Augustine NH, Shaio MF, Bohnsack JF, Hill HR
JournalJ Cell Physiol
PubMed ID8106571
'Previous studies have shown that fibronectin (Fn) enhances phagocytosis and killing of antibody-coated bacteria by neutrophils and macrophages. In an attempt to understand the mechanism of this enhancement, we have investigated the effects of Fn on phagocytosis-related actin organization as well as respiratory burst activity in neutrophils, monocytes and culture-derived ... More
Phosphatidic acid and lysophosphatidic acid induce haptotactic migration of human monocytes.
AuthorsZhou D, Luini W, Bernasconi S, Diomede L, Salmona M, Mantovani A, Sozzani S
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID7592725
'The present study was aimed at defining the chemotactic activity of phosphatidic acid, which is rapidly produced by phagocytes in response to chemotactic agonists. Exogenously added phosphatidic acid induced human monocyte directional migration across polycarbonate filters with an efficacy (number of cell migrated) comparable to that of "classical" chemotactic factors. ... More
Variants of BALB/c 3T3 cells lacking complex gangliosides retain a fibronectin matrix and spread normally on fibronectin-coated substrates.
AuthorsGriffiths SL, Perkins RM, Streuli CH, Critchley DR
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID2935542
'Evidence has accumulated that di- and trisialogangliosides are involved in the interaction of cells with fibronectin. We have therefore tested the ability of variants of BALB/c 3T3 deficient in such gangliosides to organize a fibronectin matrix and to spread on fibronectin-coated substrates. Whereas BALB/c 3T3 cells contained gangliosides GM3, GM1, ... More
The kinetics of chemotactic peptide-induced change in F-actin content, F-actin distribution, and the shape of neutrophils.
AuthorsHoward TH, Oresajo CO
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID4040915
'Formyl-met-leu-phe (fMLP) induces actin assembly in neutrophils; the resultant increase in F-actin content correlates with an increase in the rate of cellular locomotion at fMLP concentrations less than or equal to 10(-8) M (Howard, T.H., and W.H. Meyer, 1984, J. Cell Biol., 98:1265-1271). We studied the time course of change ... More
Threshold and graded response behavior in human neutrophils: effect of varying G-protein or ligand concentrations.
AuthorsRiccobene TA, Waller A, Hoffman JF, Linderman JJ, Omann GM
JournalBiochemistry
PubMed ID9708989
'Observing the qualitative characteristics of response behavior as key variables in the signal transduction cascade are changed can provide insight into the fundamental roles of these interactions in producing cellular responses. Using flow cytometric assays and pertussis toxin (PT) treatment of human neutrophils, we have shown that actin polymerization stimulated ... More
A role for phosphoinositide 3-kinase in the completion of macropinocytosis and phagocytosis by macrophages.
AuthorsAraki N, Johnson MT, Swanson JA
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID8947549
'Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase) has been implicated in growth factor signal transduction and vesicular membrane traffic. It is thought to mediate the earliest steps leading from ligation of cell surface receptors to increased cell surface ruffling. We show here that inhibitors of PI 3-kinase inhibit endocytosis in macrophages, not by ... More
Traffic pathways of Plasmodium vivax antigens during intraerythrocytic parasite development.
AuthorsBracho C, Dunia I, De LR, Benedetti EL, Perez HA
JournalParasitol Res
PubMed ID11954911
'We investigated the secretory traffic of a Plasmodium vivax antigen (Pv-148) synthesised by the parasite during the blood cycle, exported into the host cell cytosol and then transported to the surface membrane of the infected erythrocyte. Studies of the ultrastructure of erythrocytes infected with P. vivax showed that intracellular schizogony ... More
Regulation of the antigen-induced F-actin response in rat basophilic leukemia cells by protein kinase C.
AuthorsApgar JR
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID1825660
'Multivalent antigen that is capable of binding to and crosslinking the IgE receptors on rat basophilic leukemia (RBL) cells, induces a rapid and sustained rise in the content of filamentous actin. This reorganization of the actin may be responsible for changes in cellular morphology during the degranulation process. The antigen-stimulated ... More
Biocompatibility of cellulosic and synthetic membranes assessed by leukocyte activation.
AuthorsHernández MR, Galán AM, Cases A, Lopez-Pedret J, Pereira A, Tonda R, Bozzo J, Escolar G, Ordinas A
JournalAm J Nephrol
PubMed ID15031626
'BACKGROUND/AIMS: The contact of blood with artificial surfaces may activate blood leukocytes and platelets and initiate the leukocyte inflammatory response. We have investigated the effect of a hemodialysis (HD) with a cellulosic- and a synthetic-based membrane on circulating leukocyte activation. METHODS: Samples were obtained from patients with ESRD at baseline, ... More
Actin cytoskeletal lesions in differentiated human colon carcinoma Caco-2 cells after exposure to soybean agglutinin.
AuthorsDraaijer M, Koninkx J, Hendriks H, Kik M, Van Dijk J, Mouwen J
JournalBiol Cell
PubMed ID2706392
'We have investigated the effects of soybean agglutinin on the cytoskeletal element actin in differentiated Caco-2 cells. The actin cytoskeleton of the cells was visualized by fluorescence microscopy using 7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1, 3-diazole phallacidin as a specific marker for F-actin. Compared with control Caco-2 cells no changes in the fluorescence pattern were ... More
Biophysical properties and microfilament assembly in neutrophils: modulation by cyclic AMP.
AuthorsDowney GP, Elson EL, Schwab B, Erzurum SC, Young SK, Worthen GS
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID1716633
'The microfilament lattice, composed primarily of filamentous (F)-actin, determines in large part the mechanical (deformability) properties of neutrophils, and thus may regulate the ability of neutrophils to transit a microvascular bed. Circulating factors may stimulate the neutrophil to become rigid and therefore be retained in the capillaries. We hypothesized that ... More
Talin: a cytoskeletal component concentrated in adhesion plaques and other sites of actin-membrane interaction.
AuthorsBurridge K, Connell L
JournalCell Motil
PubMed ID6319001
'Talin is a recently identified cytoskeletal protein with a polypeptide molecular weight of 215,000 daltons. In cultured fibroblasts talin has been localized by immunofluorescence in adhesion plaques (focal contacts), in the ruffling membranes and leading lamellae of the cell periphery, and in fibrillar patterns that align with microfilament bundles and/or ... More
Immobilization of concanavalin A receptors during differentiation of neuroblastoma cells.
AuthorsFishman MC, Dragsten PR, Spector I
JournalNature
PubMed ID6261153
'Neuroblastoma cells serve as a useful model of neuronal development because compounds such as dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) and dibutyryl cyclic AMP cause them to undergo a process of controlled differentiation in tissue culture, during which they can extend long processes, develop characteristic excitability mechanisms, synthesize neurotransmitters and form synapses. We ... More
Stimulation of neutrophil actin polymerization and degranulation by opsonized and unopsonized Candida albicans hyphae and zymosan.
AuthorsKolotila MP, Diamond RD
JournalInfect Immun
PubMed ID3294183
'We previously showed that unopsonized Candida albicans hyphae stimulated a delayed rise in the putative neutrophil second messengers Ca2+ and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and subsequent O2- release, as compared with opsonized hyphae or zymosan. Therefore, cytoskeletal and degranulation temporal responses to these stimuli were examined. Unopsonized zymosan elicited no neutrophil responses ... More
Evidence for a gelsolin-rich, labile F-actin pool in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
AuthorsWatts RG, Howard TH
JournalCell Motil Cytoskeleton
PubMed ID1311641
'Filamentous (F) actin is a major cytoskeletal element in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and other non-muscle cells. Exposure of PMNs to agonists causes polymerization of monomeric (G) actin to F-actin and activates motile responses. In vitro, all purified F-actin is identical. However, in vivo, the presence of multiple, diverse actin regulatory ... More
Activation of neutrophils: measurement of actin conformational changes by flow cytometry.
AuthorsPackman CH, Lichtman MA
JournalBlood Cells
PubMed ID2190647
'Actin, which comprises approximately 10% of the weight of cytoplasmic protein of neutrophils, is the principal component of the cytoplasmic microfilament lattice. It can exist in either of two physical states, G-actin, which is monomeric, or F-actin, which is polymeric or filamentous. Actin microfilaments support many forms of cell movement. ... More
Visualization of actin in situ by rhodamine-conjugated phalloin in the fungus Uromyces phaseoli.
AuthorsHoch HC, Staples RC
JournalEur J Cell Biol
PubMed ID6686820
'Rhodamine-conjugated phalloin, a derivative of phalloidin which binds to F-actin, was associated with three types of structures in uredospore germlings of the bean rust fungus, Uromyces phaseoli. The structures were filaments, peripheral plaques, and intranuclear inclusions. The filaments, located throughout the germ tube but especially in the more basipetal regions, ... More
Graded G-protein uncoupling by pertussis toxin treatment of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
AuthorsOmann GM, Porasik-Lowes MM
JournalJ Immunol
PubMed ID1846898
'Pertussis toxin (PT) inhibits polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) function by ADP-ribosylating and inactivating guanine nucleotide binding proteins (G-proteins) that transduce activation by chemoattractants such as N-formyl peptides (FP). Studies of PMN activation during the time course of PT treatment yielded these results. 1) Responses were differentiated based on their sensitivity to ... More
Listeria monocytogenes moves rapidly through the host-cell cytoplasm by inducing directional actin assembly.
AuthorsDabiri GA, Sanger JM, Portnoy DA, Southwick FS
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID2117270
'Listeria monocytogenes is an intracellular parasite that can readily infect the macrophage-like cell line J774 and the kidney epithelial cell PtK2. After being ingested, the organism escapes from the phagolysosome into the host-cell cytoplasm. N-(7-Nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)-phallacidin, a specific stain for actin filaments (F-actin), demonstrates that within 1 hr of initiation of ... More
Influence of the calcium ionophore A23187 on rat egg behavior and cortical F-actin.
AuthorsBattaglia DE, Gaddum-Rosse P
JournalGamete Res
PubMed ID3148541
'Rat eggs treated with the calcium ionophore A23187 and subjected to long-term observation by phase microscopy were found to undergo many developmental changes that are normally associated with fertilization. These included cortical granule exocytosis and the abstriction of the second polar body. In addition, time-lapse video microscopy revealed that, unlike ... More
In vitro transdifferentiation of striated muscle to smooth muscle cells of a medusa.
AuthorsWeber C, Alder H, Schmid V
JournalCell Differ
PubMed ID2882859
'Mononucleated striated muscle cells can be isolated from anthomedusae and cultivated in artificial seawater. In the cultivated muscle the differentiated state is maintained and DNA synthesis is not observed. The isolated striated muscle can be activated by collagenase treatment to transdifferentiate into various new cell types. Between the second and ... More
Identical distribution of fluorescently labeled brain and muscle actins in living cardiac fibroblasts and myocytes.
AuthorsMcKenna N, Meigs JB, Wang YL
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID3965475
'We have investigated whether living muscle and nonmuscle cells can discriminate between microinjected muscle and nonmuscle actins. Muscle actin purified from rabbit back and leg muscles and labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate, and nonmuscle actin purified from lamb brain and labeled with lissamine rhodamine B sulfonyl chloride, were co-injected into chick ... More
Localization of the phalloidin and nucleotide-binding sites on actin.
AuthorsBarden JA, Miki M, Hambly BD, Dos Remedios CG
JournalEur J Biochem
PubMed ID3830158
'Phalloidin was found to block nucleotide exchange in F-actin, without interfering with nucleotide hydrolysis. This inhibition of nucleotide exchange occurs under conditions in which monomers are able to exchange. The distance separating a fluorescent chromophore attached to phalloidin from the nucleotide on actin was determined using fluorescence resonance energy-transfer spectroscopy. ... More
Disturbed structural interactions between microfilaments and tight junctions in rat hepatocytes during extrahepatic cholestasis induced by common bile duct ligation.
AuthorsSong JY, Van Marle J, Van Noorden CJ, Frederiks WM
JournalHistochem Cell Biol
PubMed ID8985745
'Microfilaments in epithelial cells are important for the structural and functional integrity of tight junctions. In the present study, we examined the relationship between microfilaments and tight junctions in hepatocytes of rat liver following common bile duct ligation (CBDL) for up to 2 weeks. Actin filaments and tight junctions were ... More
Entry of Shigella flexneri into HeLa cells: evidence for directed phagocytosis involving actin polymerization and myosin accumulation.
AuthorsClerc P, Sansonetti PJ
JournalInfect Immun
PubMed ID3312007
'The enteroinvasive bacterium Shigella flexneri expresses a plasmid-mediated capacity to penetrate into nonphagocytic cells. By using 7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazole-phallacidin (NBD-phallacidin), a fluorescent dye which specifically stains microfilaments, we observed condensations of filamentous actin underneath the plasma membrane of HeLa cells which interacted with the invasive isolate M90T. As demonstrated by indirect immunofluorescence ... More
Inhibition of cell movement and associated changes by hexachlorocyclohexanes due to unregulated intracellular calcium increases.
AuthorsKaplan SS, Zdziarski UE, Kuhns DB, Basford RE
JournalBlood
PubMed ID2449923
'Hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCCHs) are potent stimulators of polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) oxidative metabolism and of mobilization of calcium from intracellular stores. It was of interest, therefore, to evaluate the effect of HCCHs on PMN orientation and chemotaxis and to determine their effectiveness as chemotaxins. Chemotaxis was evaluated using micro-Boyden chambers, f-actin was ... More
Role of the cytoskeleton in the formation, stabilization, and removal of acetylcholine receptor clusters in cultured muscle cells.
AuthorsConnolly JA
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID6539781
'We have examined the effects of microtubule- and microfilament-disrupting drugs on the stability, formation, and removal of acetylcholine (ACh) receptors and ACh receptor clusters on the surface of aneurally cultured chick embryonic myotubes. (a) In muscle cell cultures, cytochalasin D (0.2 microgram/ml) or B (2.0 micrograms/ml) causes the dispersal of ... More
Detection of MCP-4 in dermal fibroblasts and its activation of the respiratory burst in human eosinophils.
'CC-chemokines are an important family of proinflammatory mediators that promote the recruitment and activation of human eosinophils in chronic inflammatory diseases. Recently, a novel human CC-chemokine, monocyte chemotactic protein 4 (MCP-4), has been reported that shows amino acid sequence similarities with eotaxin and RANTES, induces chemotaxis of eosinophils, and signals ... More
Distribution and function of organized concentrations of actin filaments in mammalian spermatogenic cells and Sertoli cells.
AuthorsVogl AW
JournalInt Rev Cytol
PubMed ID2695482
'Actin filaments are concentrated in specific regions of spermatogenic cells and Sertoli cells. In spermatogenic cells they occur in intercellular bridges and in the subacrosomal space. In Sertoli cells they are abundant in ectoplasmic specializations and in regions adjacent to tubulobulbar processes of spermatogenic cells. At all of these sites, ... More
Histamine H4 receptor stimulation suppresses IL-12p70 production and mediates chemotaxis in human monocyte-derived dendritic cells.
AuthorsGutzmer R, Diestel C, Mommert S, Köther B, Stark H, Wittmann M, Werfel T,
JournalJ Immunol
PubMed ID15843518
'There is increasing evidence that histamine as an important mediator of immediate type allergic reactions also effects professional APCs. Recent reports showed effects of histamine on human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDC) mediated primarily via histamine H1 receptors (H1R) and H2R. We show here that MoDC also express H3R and H4R ... More
Interaction of tumour promoters with epithelial cells in culture. An immunofluorescence study.
AuthorsKellie S, Holme TC, Bissell MJ
JournalExp Cell Res
PubMed ID3930274
'12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) has a profound and rapid influence on the cytoskeleton of Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cells. Within 10 min, TPA induces a rapid change in morphology, from a flat, cuboidal state to a rounded or elongated morphology in which the cell membranes become convoluted. Concomitant with this morphological ... More
The use of flow cytometry to measure neutrophil function.
Authorsvan Eeden SF, Klut ME, Walker BA, Hogg JC
JournalJ Immunol Methods
PubMed ID10618507
'Neutrophils are important professional phagocytic cells that provide the host with a first line of defense against acute bacterial and fungal diseases and recurrent, severe or unusual infections are associated with inherited defects of neutrophil function. Furthermore, abundant evidence links inappropriate neutrophil-mediated tissue damage to the pathogenesis of conditions such ... More
Diacylglycerols and PMA induce actin polymerization and distinct shape changes in lymphocytes: relation to fluid pinocytosis and locomotion.
AuthorsKeller HU, Niggli V, Zimmermann A
JournalJ Cell Sci
PubMed ID2481680
'Shape changes have been determined in human blood lymphocytes stimulated with OAG, diC8, PMA, colchicine or the hexapeptide fNLPNTL in short-term assays (30 min). Distinct types of shape-change responses were observed. Colchicine was active in generating a relatively small proportion of polarized lymphocytes (front-tail polarity). OAG, diC8 and PMA produced ... More
Analysis of the actin-binding domain of alpha-actinin by mutagenesis and demonstration that dystrophin contains a functionally homologous domain.
AuthorsHemmings L, Kuhlman PA, Critchley DR
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID1541634
'To define the actin-binding site within the NH2-terminal domain (residues 1-245) of chick smooth muscle alpha-actinin, we expressed a series of alpha-actinin deletion mutants in monkey Cos cells. Mutant alpha-actinins in which residues 2-19, 217-242, and 196-242 were deleted still retained the ability to target to actin filaments and filament ... More
Cleavage furrow isolated from newt eggs: contraction, organization of the actin filaments, and protein components of the furrow.
AuthorsMabuchi I, Tsukita S, Tsukita S, Sawai T
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID3413069
'The cleavage-furrow region was isolated surgically from newt eggs at the early stage of the first cleavage. The isolated furrow contracted in the presence of ATP at a Ca2+ concentration of 10 or 100 nM, although the speed was less than that of the furrow in vivo. Cytochalasin B, cytochalasin ... More
Isolation of Listeria monocytogenes small-plaque mutants defective for intracellular growth and cell-to-cell spread.
AuthorsSun AN, Camilli A, Portnoy DA
JournalInfect Immun
PubMed ID2172168
'To dissect the regulatory and structural requirements for Listeria monocytogenes intracellular growth and cell-to-cell spread, we designed a protocol based on transposon mutagenesis and the isolation of mutants which form small plaques in monolayers of mouse L2 cell fibroblasts. Two different transposable elements were used to generate libraries of insertion ... More
Immunofluorescent localization of a 39,000-dalton substrate of tyrosine protein kinases to the cytoplasmic surface of the plasma membrane.
AuthorsNigg EA, Cooper JA, Hunter T
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID6304112
'The intracellular distribution of p39, a 39,000-dalton substrate for a number of tyrosine protein kinases, has been determined by indirect immunofluorescence microscopy. No binding of anti-p39 antibodies to intact cells was observed, indicating that this protein is not accessible to antibody on the cell surface. Following detergent permeabilization of formaldehyde-fixed ... More
The protein kinase C inhibitor H-7 activates human neutrophils: effect on shape, actin polymerization, fluid pinocytosis and locomotion.
AuthorsKeller HU, Niggli V, Zimmermann A, Portmann R
JournalJ Cell Sci
PubMed ID1695636
'The present study demonstrates new properties of H-7. The protein kinase inhibitor H-7 is a potent activator of several neutrophil functions. Stimulation of initially spherical nonmotile neutrophils elicits vigorous shape changes within a few seconds, increases in cytoskeletal actin, altered F-actin distribution, increased adhesiveness and a relatively small increase in ... More
The rearrangement of cytoskeletal systems in epithelial cells accompanying the transition from a stationary to a motile state at the start of epithelial spreading.
AuthorsTakeuchi S
JournalJ Cell Sci
PubMed ID3327862
'The changes in the alignment of F-actin bundles in epithelial cells were studied, mainly using NBD-phallacidin, as the isolated corneal epithelium started to spread along the surface of Millipore filter. The epithelial cells at the margin were found to make the transition from a stationary to a motile state in ... More
Endothelial F-actin changes in the alkali burned rabbit cornea.
AuthorsKim EK, Kim HB, Chung YT, Kim IC
JournalYonsei Med J
PubMed ID7871853
'The healing mechanism of corneal endothelium after alkali burn was not completely understood. Rabbit cornea was burned with 1N sodium hydxoside for 1 minute. Endothelial F-actin was stained with NBD-phallacidin in regular sequence to find out the details of endothelial healing after alkali burn. F-actin was completely destroyed leaving a ... More
A novel glutathione containing eicosanoid (FOG7) chemotactic for human granulocytes.
AuthorsBowers RC, Hevko J, Henson PM, Murphy RC
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID10924496
'A biologically active glutathione adduct of the eicosanoid 5-oxo-eicosatetraenoic acid has been observed as a product formed within the murine peritoneal macrophage. This five-oxo glutathione adduct (FOG(7)) was structurally characterized using electrospray tandem mass spectrometry as a 1,4 Michael addition product 5-oxo-7-glutathionyl-8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid. FOG(7) was found to be highly potent ... More
Lateral diffusion of lipids in renal cells: effects of hypoxia and reoxygenation and role of cytoskeleton.
AuthorsPaller MS
JournalAm J Physiol
PubMed ID8430768
'The effects of hypoxia and reoxygenation on the lateral mobility of membrane lipids were studied in primary cultures of rat proximal tubule epithelial cells at a subconfluent stage. The lipid lateral diffusion coefficient (DL) of the fluorescent probe 1-acyl-2-(N-4-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazol)-aminocaproyl phosphatidylethanolamine was determined in membranes of attached cells by the technique ... More
Evidence for an actin-containing cytoplasmic precursor of the focal contact and the timing of incorporation of vinculin at the focal contact.
AuthorsDePasquale JA, Izzard CS
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID3121637
'The distribution of F-actin and vinculin in chicken embryo fibroblasts has been examined by nitrobenzoxadiazol (NBD)-phallacidin and indirect immunofluorescent staining, respectively, and related to the process of focal contact formation by recording the motility of the cell with differential interference contrast (DIC) or interference reflection microscopy (IRM) before fixation for ... More
Effect of tumor necrosis factor alpha on rabbit corneal endothelial permeability.
AuthorsWatsky MA, Guan Z, Ragsdale DN
JournalInvest Ophthalmol Vis Sci
PubMed ID8759364
'PURPOSE. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) is present in the iris and the lacrimal gland, and its concentration is increased during inflammation and after corneal wounding. Although TNF alpha has been shown to increase keratocyte and corneal epithelial interleukin production, no definitive effects of TNF alpha on corneal endothelial ... More
Rearrangement of hepatocellular F-actin precedes the formation of rosette-like structures in parenchyma of cholestatic rat liver.
AuthorsSong JY, Van Noorden CJ, Frederiks WM
JournalHepatology
PubMed ID9500705
'The involvement of hepatocytes in proliferation of bile ductule-like structures during cholestasis remains controversial. The present study was an attempt to address the issue of whether hepatocytes transform into ductular epithelial cells in response to cholestasis and, if so, which mechanisms are involved. Cholestasis was induced by common bile duct-ligation ... More
The role of actin and myosin in ascidian sperm mitochondrial translocation.
AuthorsLambert CC, Lambert G
JournalDev Biol
PubMed ID6389220
'Fertilization-related sperm mitochondrial movement occurs at a rate comparable to other actin-myosin-driven movements and is inhibited by cytochalasin B and N-ethyl maleimide in Ascidia ceratodes sperm. F-actin was demonstrated in the tails and mitochondria using NBD-phallacidin fluorescence. Both actin and myosin were also detected on the mitochondrion and in the ... More
Expression and functional activity of the IL-8 receptor type CXCR1 and CXCR2 on human mast cells.
AuthorsLippert U, Artuc M, Grützkau A, Möller A, Kenderessy-Szabo A, Schadendorf D, Norgauer J, Hartmann K, Schweitzer-Stenner R, Zuberbier T, Henz BM, Krüger-Krasagakes S
JournalJ Immunol
PubMed ID9725262
'To further elucidate mechanisms involved in mast cell accumulation at sites of cutaneous inflammation, we have studied the ability of human leukemic mast cells (HMC-1 cells) to express functionally active IL-8 receptors. Expression of mRNA for both types of IL-8 receptors (CXCR1 and CXCR2) was demonstrated by PCR and of ... More
Adhesion of glycosaminoglycan-deficient chinese hamster ovary cell mutants to fibronectin substrata.
AuthorsLeBaron RG, Esko JD, Woods A, Johansson S, Höök M
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID3346331
'We have examined the role of cell surface glycosaminoglycans in fibronectin-mediated cell adhesion by analyzing the adhesive properties of Chinese hamster ovary cell mutants deficient in glycosaminoglycans. The results of our study suggest that the absence of glycosaminoglycans does not affect the initial attachment and subsequent spreading of these cells ... More
Localization of actin in normal human hepatocytes using fluorescent phallotoxins and immunohistochemical amplification.
AuthorsBenkoel L, Brisse J, Capo C, Benoliel AM, Bongrand P, Garcia T, Chamlian A
JournalCell Mol Biol
PubMed ID1499038
'Two different methods, fluorescent phallotoxins and immunohistochemical amplification systems were used to visualize actin in normal human hepatocytes. With fluorescent phallotoxins (NBD-phallacidin or rhodamine phalloidin), F-actin was distributed along the plasma membranes and at the bile canaliculi. With immunohistochemical methods (biotin-avidin, biotin-streptavidin, silver enhancement), actin was found at the same ... More
Localization and mobility of gelsolin in cells.
AuthorsCooper JA, Loftus DJ, Frieden C, Bryan J, Elson EL
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID2834402
'To investigate the physiologic role of gelsolin in cells, we have studied the location and mobility of gelsolin in a mouse fibroblast cell line (C3H). Gelsolin was localized by immunofluorescence of fixed and permeabilized cells and by fluorescent analog cytochemistry of living cells and cells that were fixed and/or permeabilized. ... More
Vasopressin depolymerizes F-actin in toad bladder epithelial cells.
AuthorsDing GH, Franki N, Condeelis J, Hays RM
JournalAm J Physiol
PubMed ID1899002
'Vasopressin (AVP) induces the rapid fusion of water channel-containing vesicles with the luminal membrane of its target cell. We have carried out a quantitative study of the F-actin content of toad bladder epithelial cells, using the rhodamine phalloidin binding assay. As early as 1 min after AVP stimulation, there is ... More
Fibroblast adhesion to RGDS shows novel features compared with fibronectin.
AuthorsStreeter HB, Rees DA
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID3611194
'As previously shown by others, the fibroblast attachment and spreading activity of fibronectin is mimicked by a short peptide (RGDS or longer) from the cell binding domain. Normal rat kidney fibroblasts showed similar attachment kinetics on either peptide GRGDSC or bovine plasma fibronectin and binding to either substratum was inhibited ... More
Distribution of actin in spreading macrophages: a comparative study on living and fixed cells.
AuthorsAmato PA, Unanue ER, Taylor DL
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID6339523
Polymorphonuclear leukocyte adherence induces actin polymerization by a transduction pathway which differs from that used by chemoattractants.
AuthorsSouthwick FS, Dabiri GA, Paschetto M, Zigmond SH
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID2507552
'Nitrobenzoxadiazole-phallacidin in combination with quantitative fluorescent microscopy have been used to measure F-actin concentrations in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) as they adhere to a plastic surface. Like stimulation with chemoattractants, adherence is associated with a twofold rise in F-actin content. However unlike the rapid rise in F-actin induced by chemoattractants ... More
Mutually exclusive splicing of calcium-binding domain exons in chick alpha-actinin.
AuthorsWaites GT, Graham IR, Jackson P, Millake DB, Patel B, Blanchard AD, Weller PA, Eperon IC, Critchley DR
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID1556133
'We have determined the complete sequence of chick brain alpha-actinin (892 amino acids; 107,644 Da). The sequence differs from that of smooth muscle alpha-actinin only in the region of the first EF-hand calcium-binding motif, where 27 residues in brain alpha-actinin are replaced by just 22 residues in the smooth muscle ... More
Receptor-stimulated actin polymerization requires cytoplasmic acidification in human PMNs.
AuthorsTonetti M, Budnick M, Niederman R
JournalBiochim Biophys Acta
PubMed ID2400780
'Cytoplasmic alkalinization has received considerable attention as a regulatory event In cell growth, transformation and signal transduction (Busa, W.B. (1986) Annu. Rev. Physiol. 48, 389-402 and Moolenar, W.H. (1986) Annu. Rev. Physiol. 48, 363-376). In contrast the current paper presents evidence for the role of an early cytoplasmic acidification, during ... More
A-CAM: a 135-kD receptor of intercellular adherens junctions. II. Antibody-mediated modulation of junction formation.
AuthorsVolk T, Geiger B
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID3095334
'Intercellular adherens junctions between cultured lens epithelial cells are highly Ca2+-dependent and are readily dissociated upon chelation of extracellular Ca2+ ions. Addition of Ca2+ to EGTA-treated cells results in the recovery of cell-cell junctions including the reorganization of adherens junction-specific cell adhesion molecule (A-CAM), vinculin, and actin (Volk, T., and ... More
Regulation of cell substrate adhesion: effects of small galactosaminoglycan-containing proteoglycans.
AuthorsBidanset DJ, LeBaron R, Rosenberg L, Murphy-Ullrich JE, Hook M
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID1522122
'Cell adhesion is a process which is initiated by the attachment of cells to specific sites in adhesive matrix proteins via cell surface receptors of the integrin family. This is followed by a reorganization of cytoskeletal elements which results in cell spreading and the formation of focal adhesion plaques. We ... More
Relationship of pseudopod extension to chemotactic hormone-induced actin polymerization in amoeboid cells.
AuthorsHall AL, Schlein A, Condeelis J
JournalJ Cell Biochem
PubMed ID3410887
'Aggregation-competent amoeboid cells of Dictyostelium discoideum are chemotactic toward cAMP. Video microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to quantitate changes in cell morphology and locomotion during uniform upshifts in the concentration of cAMP. These studies demonstrate that morphological and motile responses to cAMP are sufficiently synchronous within a cell ... More
Heterogeneity in F-actin polymerization of cord blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes stimulated by N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine.
AuthorsTaniuchi S, Kinoshita Y, Yamamoto A, Fujiwara T, Hattori K, Hasui M, Kobayashi Y
JournalPediatr Int
PubMed ID10200134
'BACKGROUND: To elucidate the mechanism responsible for defects of polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMNL) chemotaxis of neonates, we determined actin polymerization of NBD (7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-diazol)-phallacidin-stained PMNL following stimulation with either N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) or phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) in cord blood and adult controls. METHODS: We measured F-actin content in PMNL stained with NBD-phallacidin ... More
The effects of taxol on the organization of the cytoskeleton in cultured ovarian granulosa cells.
AuthorsHerman B, Langevin MA, Albertini DF
JournalEur J Cell Biol
PubMed ID6137363
'Exposure of ovarian granulosa cells to taxol, a potent microtubule assembly promoting and stabilization agent, results in a time and dose-dependent alteration in the organization of cytoplasmic filaments (microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments) and organelles. Transmission electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy are used in conjunction with various antimitotic drugs to evaluate ... More
Microfilament rearrangements during fibroblast-induced contraction of three-dimensional hydrated collagen gels.
AuthorsFarsi JM, Aubin JE
JournalCell Motil
PubMed ID6539173
'In vitro models have been developed recently to study the ability of fibroblasts to generate tensile force within collagen gels. The present study was initiated to assess the role of the cytoskeleton in the cell shape changes and force generation in one such model system. Porcine periodontal ligament fibroblasts ( ... More
Centripetal transport of cytoplasm, actin, and the cell surface in lamellipodia of fibroblasts.
AuthorsFisher GW, Conrad PA, DeBiasio RL, Taylor DL
JournalCell Motil Cytoskeleton
PubMed ID3219732
'Wound healing in Swiss 3T3 cultures was investigated with video-enhanced contrast (VEC) microscopy. The formation of protrusions at the leading edge of cells along wound was investigated in detail during the spreading stage, which usually lasted from 1 to 4 hr postwounding. Lamellipodia exhibited a continuous rearward, or centripetal, transport ... More
Uncoupling of inflammatory chemokine receptors by IL-10: generation of functional decoys.
AuthorsD'Amico G, Frascaroli G, Bianchi G, Transidico P, Doni A, Vecchi A, Sozzani S, Allavena P, Mantovani A
JournalNat Immunol
PubMed ID11062497
'As originally demonstrated for the interleukin 1 (IL-1) type II receptor, some primary proinflammatory cytokines from the IL-1 and tumor necrosis factor families are regulated by decoy receptors that are structurally incapable of signaling. Here we report that concomitant exposure to proinflammatory signals and IL-10 generates functional decoy receptors in ... More
Actin and associated proteins in gastric epithelial cells.
AuthorsWolosin JM, Okamoto C, Forte TM, Forte JG
JournalBiochim Biophys Acta
PubMed ID6228258
'A quantitative assessment of the distribution and state of microfilament-related proteins in the heterocellular fundic gastric epithelium was carried out. Actin content, as determined by the DNAase inhibition assay, ranged from 29 to 42 micrograms/mg of tissue protein, depending upon the tissue source. About 60% of the total actin existed ... More
Cytoskeleton of intestinal goblet cells: role of actin filaments in baseline secretion.
AuthorsOliver MG, Specian RD
JournalAm J Physiol
PubMed ID2260668
'Although microtubules appear necessary to maintain mucin granule transport in intestinal goblet cells, the role of microfilaments in mucus secretion is unknown. To determine the functional significance of microfilaments in goblet cell secretion, fluorescent cytochemistry of microfilaments and autoradiographic studies on granule movement were performed on rabbit intestinal goblet cells, ... More
Actin dynamics during the cell cycle in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.
AuthorsHarper JD, McCurdy DW, Sanders MA, Salisbury JL, John PC
JournalCell Motil Cytoskeleton
PubMed ID1378775
'We have used two monoclonal antibodies to demonstrate the presence and localization of actin in interphase and mitotic vegetative cells of the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Commercially available monoclonal antibodies raised against smooth muscle actin (Lessard: Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 10:349-362, 1988; Lin: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 78:2335-2339, 1981) identify ... More
H2O2-induced increases in cellular F-actin occur without increases in actin nucleation activity.
AuthorsOmann GM, Harter JM, Burger JM, Hinshaw DB
JournalArch Biochem Biophys
PubMed ID8109969
'Previous work has shown that H2O2 causes an increase in polymerized actin (F-actin) inside cells. To test the hypothesis that increased polymerization resulted from a mechanism involving increased actin nucleation activity, we employed methods utilizing pyrene-labeled actin to quantify the actin nucleation activity of cell lysates and N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl) (NBD)-phallacidin binding ... More
Change in the topographical distribution of GM3 during cell spreading and growth: immunostaining with monoclonal antibody against GM3.
AuthorsSakiyama H, Takahashi T, Hirabayashi Y, Taniguchi M
JournalCell Struct Funct
PubMed ID3568153
'A monoclonal antibody, M2590, that recognizes hematoside (GM3) was used to analyze the immunostaining localization of GM3 of the surface of transformed and non-transformed hamster embryo fibroblasts and B16 melanoma cells. The reactivity of GM3 with the antibody changed markedly depending on the cell density. At the sparse density cells ... More