Elicitor stimulation of the defense response in cultured plant cells monitored by fluorescent dyes.
AuthorsLow PS, Heinstein PF
JournalArch Biochem Biophys
PubMed ID3753013
Addition of fungal elicitors to plant cells in suspension is known to stimulate biochemical changes in the plant cell leading to production of defense compounds. In this paper we demonstrate that introduction of elicitors from the pathogenic fungus Verticillium dahliae to cultured cotton, tobacco, or soybean cells leads to a ... More
Mechanistic studies of lantibiotic-induced permeabilization of phospholipid vesicles.
AuthorsDriessen AJ, van den Hooven HW, Kuiper W, van de Kamp M, Sahl HG, Konings RN, Konings WN
JournalBiochemistry
PubMed ID7849020
'Nisin is a cationic polycyclic bacteriocin secreted by some lactic acid bacteria. Nisin has previously been shown to permeabilize liposomes. The interaction of nisin was analyzed with liposomes prepared of the zwitterionic phosphatidylcholine (PC) and the anionic phosphatidylglycerol (PG). Nisin induces the release of 6-carboxyfluorescein and other small anionic fluorescent ... More
Electrogenic antiport activities of the Gram-positive Tet proteins include a Na+(K+)/K+ mode that mediates net K+ uptake.
AuthorsGuffanti AA, Cheng J, Krulwich TA
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID9756879
'Two Gram-positive Tet proteins, TetA(L) from Bacillus subtilis and TetK from a Staphylococcus aureus plasmid, have previously been suggested to have multiple catalytic modes and roles. These include: tetracycline (Tc)-metal/H+ antiport for both proteins (Yamaguchi, A., Shiina, Y., Fujihira, E., Sawai, T., Noguchi, N., and Sasatsu, M. (1995) FEBS Lett. ... More
The use of carotenoids and oxonol VI as probes for membrane potential in proteoliposomes.
Authorsvan Walraven HS, Krab K, Hagendoorn MJ, Kraayenhof R
JournalFEBS Lett
PubMed ID3157600
'Carotenoids present in lipids extracted from the cyanobacterium Synechococcus 6716 indicate trans-membrane potential in proteoliposomes reconstituted from these lipids and the ATPase complex isolated from the same organism. A carotenoid absorbance band shift to a longer wavelength is obtained with valinomycin-induced potassium ion diffusion potentials, irrespective of the polarity of ... More
Characterization of the membrane domain subunit NuoJ (ND6) of the NADH-quinone oxidoreductase from Escherichia coli by chromosomal DNA manipulation.
AuthorsKao MC, Di Bernardo S, Nakamaru-Ogiso E, Miyoshi H, Matsuno-Yagi A, Yagi T
JournalBiochemistry
PubMed ID15736965
'The ND6 subunit is one of seven mitochondrial DNA-encoded subunits of the proton-translocating NADH-quinone oxidoreductase (complex I). Physiological importance of the ND6 subunit is becoming increasingly apparent because a number of mutations leading to amino acid changes in this subunit have been found to be associated with known mitochondrial diseases. ... More
Voltage-sensitive oxonol dyes are novel large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel activators selective for beta1 and beta4 but not for beta2 subunits.
'The large-conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (BK) channel is activated by both the increase of intracellular Ca(2+) concentration and membrane depolarization. The BK channel plays crucial roles as a key molecule in the negative feedback mechanism regulating membrane excitability and cellular Ca(2+) in various cell types. Here, we report that a widely ... More
ATP-dependent spectral response of oxonol VI in an ATP-Pi exchange complex.
AuthorsKiehl R, Hanstein WG
JournalBiochim Biophys Acta
PubMed ID6235853
'Energy transduction in an ATPase complex (complex V) has been studied in two reactions catalyzed by this system, i.e., ATP-dependent spectral shift of oxonol VI, and ATP-Pi exchange activity. Aurovertin alone inhibits 50% of the oxonol shift at 2 microM, and no further inhibition occurs at up to 12 microM. ... More
Kinetics of the Ca(2+), H(+), and Mg(2+) interaction with the ion-binding sites of the SR Ca-ATPase.
AuthorsPeinelt C, Apell HJ
JournalBiophys J
PubMed ID11751306
'Electrochromic styryl dyes were used to investigate mutually antagonistic effects of Ca(2+) and H(+) on binding of the other ion in the E(1) and P-E(2) states of the SR Ca-ATPase. On the cytoplasmic side of the protein in the absence of Mg(2+) a strictly competitive binding sequence, H(2)E(1) <==> HE(1) ... More
Thermodynamics of the electrochemical proton gradient in bovine heart submitochondrial particles.
AuthorsBashford CL, Thayer WS
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID21873
'The electrical and chemical components of the electrochemical proton gradient of submitochondrial particles can be monitored simultaneously by continuously recording optical signals from the probes oxonol-VI and 9-aminoacridine. Either respiration or ATP hydrolysis causes a red shift in the absorption spectrum of oxonol-VI indicative of a membrane potential and a ... More
Oxonol dyes as monitors of membrane potential. Their behavior in photosynthetic bacteria.
AuthorsBashford CL, Chance B, Prince RC
JournalBiochim Biophys Acta
PubMed ID103582
'The reponses of oxonol dyes to single and multiple single turnovers of the photosynthetic apparatus of photosynthetic bacteria have been studied, and compared with the responses of the endogenous carotenoid pigments. The absorbance changes of the oxonols can be conveniently measured at 587 nm, because this is an isosbestic point ... More
Comparison of the carotenoid bandshift and oxanol dyes to measure membrane potential changes during chemotactic stimulation of Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides and Escherichia coli.
AuthorsArmitage JP, Evans MC
JournalFEBS Lett
PubMed ID7016583
The behavior of oxonol dyes in phospholipid dispersions.
AuthorsBashford CL, Chance B, Smith JC, Yoshida T
JournalBiophys J
PubMed ID263685
Kinetics of the association of potential-sensitive dyes with model and energy-transducing membranes: implications for fast probe response times.
AuthorsSmith JC, Frank SJ, Bashford CL, Chance B, Rudkin B
JournalJ Membr Biol
PubMed ID7401166
Potential-sensitive molecular probes in membranes of bioenergetic relevance.
AuthorsSmith JC
JournalBiochim Biophys Acta
PubMed ID2178682
Optical measurement of membrane potential in cells, organelles, and vesicles.
AuthorsFreedman JC, Novak TS
JournalMethods Enzymol
PubMed ID2747524
Effect of Na3VO4 and membrane potential on the structure of sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane.
AuthorsBeeler TJ, Dux L, Martonosi AN
JournalJ Membr Biol
PubMed ID6142961
Two-dimensional crystalline arrays of Ca2+-ATPase molecules develop after treatment of sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles with Na3VO4 in a Ca2+-free medium. The influence of membrane potential upon the rate of crystallization was studied by ion substitution using oxonol VI and 3,3'-diethyl-2,2'-thiadicarbocyanine (Di-S-C2(5] to monitor inside positive or inside negative membrane potentials, respectively. ... More
Factor B and the mitochondrial ATP synthase complex.
Authors Belogrudov Grigory I; Hatefi Youssef;
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID11744738
Factor B is a subunit of the mammalian ATP synthase complex, whose existence has been controversial. This paper describes the molecular and functional properties of a recombinant human factor B, which when added to bovine submitochondrial particles depleted of their factor B restores the energy coupling activity of the ATP ... More
Escherichia coli YidC is a membrane insertase for Sec-independent proteins.
AuthorsSerek J, Bauer-Manz G, Struhalla G, van den Berg L, Kiefer D, Dalbey R, Kuhn A
JournalEMBO J
PubMed ID14739936
YidC is a recently discovered bacterial membrane protein that is related to the mitochondrial Oxa1p and the Alb3 protein of chloroplasts. These proteins are required in the membrane integration process of newly synthesized proteins that do not require the classical Sec machinery. Here we demonstrate that YidC is sufficient for ... More
On the role of factor B and oligomycin on generation and discharge of the proton gradient.
AuthorsHughes JB, Joshi S, Sanadi DR
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID7085595
Bovine mitochondrial coupling factor B (FB) stimulates oxidative phosphorylation as well as other energy-linked reactions which are supported by ATP hydrolysis. Extraction of FB from submitochondrial particles results in a decrease in ATP-dependent proton translocation (delta pH) and binding of the voltage-sensitive dye, oxonol VI. Reconstitution of deficient particles with ... More
A stopped-flow kinetic study of the interaction of potential-sensitive oxonol dyes with lipid vesicles.
AuthorsClarke RJ, Apell HJ
JournalBiophys Chem
PubMed ID2611347
The interaction of the dyes oxonol V and oxonol VI with unilamellar dioleoylphosphatidylcholine vesicles was investigated using a fluorescence stopped-flow technique. On mixing with the vesicles, both dyes exhibit an increase in their fluorescence, which occurs in two phases. According to the dependence of the reciprocal relaxation time on vesicle ... More
Fluorescent analogues of N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide as structural probes of the bovine mitochondrial proton channel.
AuthorsPringle MJ, Taber M
JournalBiochemistry
PubMed ID2417624
N-Cyclohexyl-N'-[4-(dimethylamino)-alpha-naphthyl]carbodiimide (NCD-4) and N-cyclohexyl-N'-(1-pyrenyl)carbodiimide (NCP) are two novel fluorescent analogues of the mitochondrial inhibitor dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCCD). Although nonfluorescent in aqueous media, both compounds form fluorescent conjugates with mitochondrial electron transport particles (ETPH) or purified H+-ATPase (F1-F0) vesicles. DCCD prevents the reaction of ETPH with both NCD-4 and NCP. The fluorescent ... More
Evidence for the involvement of coupling factor B in the H+ channel of the mitochondrial H+-ATPase.
AuthorsSanadi DR, Pringle M, Kantham L, Hughes JB, Srivastava A
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID6143319
Membrane energization by ATP has been measured in vesicles containing purified bovine heart mitochondrial H+-ATPase (ATP synthase) with the voltage-sensitive dye oxonol VI. The dithiol chelator, Cd2+, and the thiol oxidant, copper o-phenanthroline, produced discharge of the membrane potential when added at the steady state and inhibited its establishment when ... More
Electrophysiological study with oxonol VI of passive NO3- transport by isolated plant root plasma membrane.
AuthorsPouliquin P, Grouzis J, Gibrat R
JournalBiophys J
PubMed ID9876148
In contrast to animal cells, plant cells contain approximately 5-50 mM nitrate in cytosol and vacuole. The lack of specific spectroscopic probes, or suitable isotopes, impedes in vitro studies of NO3- transport. Reconstitution of root cell plasma membrane (PM) proteins in mixed soybean lipid:egg phosphatidylcholine allowed for the generation of ... More
Measurement of delta pH and membrane potential in secretory vesicles isolated from bovine pituitary intermediate lobe.
AuthorsLoh YP, Tam WW, Russell JT
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID6330104
Pro-opiomelanocortin (ACTH/endorphin prohormone) is processed within the secretory vesicles of pituitary intermediate lobe cells to alpha-melanotropin and beta-endorphin. In order to learn more about the microenvironment in which processing occurs, a method was developed to purify large quantities of bovine intermediate lobe secretory vesicles (ILSV) using isoosmolar metrizamide-sucrose gradients. Analysis ... More
Kinetic study of the antiport mechanism of an Escherichia coli zinc transporter, ZitB.
AuthorsChao Y, Fu D
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID14715669
ZitB is a member of the cation diffusion facilitator (CDF) family that mediates efflux of zinc across the plasma membrane of Escherichia coli. We describe the first kinetic study of the purified and reconstituted ZitB by stopped-flow measurements of transmembrane fluxes of metal ions using a metal-sensitive fluorescent indicator encapsulated ... More
The behavior of the fluorescence lifetime and polarization of oxonol potential-sensitive extrinsic probes in solution and in beef heart submitochondrial particles.
AuthorsSmith JC, Hallidy L, Topp MR
JournalJ Membr Biol
PubMed ID7253009
The fluorescence polarization and lifetime of the extrinsic potential-sensitive probes oxonols V and VI have been investigated both for the dyes free in aqueous and ethanol solutions and in the presence of beef heart submitochondrial particles under resting and energy-transducing conditions. The emission lifetime of the dyes appears to be ... More
Characterization of reconstituted ATPase complex proteoliposomes prepared from the thermophilic cyanobacterium Synechococcus 6716.
Authorsvan Walraven HS, Lubberding HJ, Marvin HJ, Kraayenhof R
JournalEur J Biochem
PubMed ID6197302
The preparation and some properties are described of proteoliposomes consisting of the ATPase complex and lipids from the thermophilic cyanobacterium Synechococcus 6716. In the proteoliposomes (about 200 nm in diameter) only a low amount of protein can be incorporated (protein/lipid ratio of 0.01 w/w) and they show very few protein ... More
Characterization of the functional coupling of bovine brain vacuolar-type H(+)-translocating ATPase. Effect of divalent cations, phospholipids, and subunit H (SFD).
AuthorsCrider BP, Xie XS
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID12949075
Vacuolar-type H+-translocating ATPases (V-ATPases or V-pumps) are complex proteins containing multiple subunits and are organized into two functional domains: a peripheral catalytic sector V1 and a membranous proton channel V0. The functional coupling of ATP hydrolysis activity to proton transport in V-pumps requires a regulatory component known as subunit H ... More
Voltage-dependence of Ca2+ uptake and ATP hydrolysis of reconstituted Ca2+-ATPase vesicles.
AuthorsNavarro J, Essig A
JournalBiophys J
PubMed ID6240285
Ca2+-ATPase from sarcoplasmic reticulum was reconstituted into phospholipid/cholesterol (9:1) vesicles (RO). Sucrose density gradient centrifugation of the RO vesicles separated a light layer (RL) with a high lipid/protein ratio and a heavy layer (RH). RH vesicles exhibited a high rate of Ca2+-dependent ATP hydrolysis but did not accumulate Ca2+. RL ... More
Characterization of isolated acidocalcisomes of Trypanosoma cruzi.
AuthorsScott DA, Docampo R
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID10816577
The acidocalcisome is an acidic calcium store in trypanosomatids with a vacuolar-type proton-pumping pyrophosphatase (V-H(+)-PPase) located in its membrane. In this paper, we describe a new method using iodixanol density gradients for purification of the acidocalcisome from Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes. Pyrophosphatase assays indicated that the isolated organelle was at least ... More
Sequencing and preliminary characterization of the Na+-translocating NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase from Vibrio harveyi.
The Na(+)-translocating NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase (Na(+)-NQR) generates an electrochemical Na(+) potential driven by aerobic respiration. Previous studies on the enzyme from Vibrio alginolyticus have shown that the Na(+)-NQR has six subunits, and it is known to contain FAD and an FeS center as redox cofactors. In the current work, the ... More
Kinetics of the potential-sensitive extrinsic probe oxonol VI in beef heart submitochondrial particles.
AuthorsSmith JC, Chance B
JournalJ Membr Biol
PubMed ID233819
The interaction of the potential-sensitive extrinsic probe oxonol VI with beef heart submitochondrial particles has been investigated under time resolved and equilibrium conditions. The time course of the probe absorption spectrum red shift induced by ATP or NADH injection into a suspension of submitochondrial particles in a dye solution is ... More
The plant inorganic pyrophosphatase does not transport K+ in vacuole membrane vesicles multilabeled with fluorescent probes for H+, K+, and membrane potential.
AuthorsRos R, Romieu C, Gibrat R, Grignon C
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID7876200
It has been claimed that the inorganic pyrophosphatase (PPase) of the plant vacuolar membrane transports K+ in addition to H+ in intact vacuoles (Davies, J. M., Poole, R. J., Rea, P. A., and Sanders, D. (1992) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89, 11701-11705). Since this was not confirmed using the ... More
A simple energy-conserving system: proton reduction coupled to proton translocation.
AuthorsSapra R, Bagramyan K, Adams MW
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID12792025
Oxidative phosphorylation involves the coupling of ATP synthesis to the proton-motive force that is generated typically by a series of membrane-bound electron transfer complexes, which ultimately reduce an exogenous terminal electron acceptor. This is not the case with Pyrococcus furiosus, an archaeon that grows optimally near 100 degrees C. It ... More
Effect of acute hypoxia on glomus cell Em and psi m as measured by fluorescence imaging.
AuthorsRoy A, Li J, Al-Mehdi AB, Mokashi A, Lahiri S
JournalJ Appl Physiol
PubMed ID12391083
We have reinvestigated the hypothesis of the relative importance of glomus cell plasma and mitochondrial membrane potentials (E(m) and psi(m), respectively) in acute hypoxia by a noninvasive fluorescence microimaging technique using the voltage-sensitive dyes bis-oxonol and JC-1, respectively. Short-term (24 h)-cultured rat glomus cells and cultured PC-12 cells were used ... More
The mechanism of voltage-sensitive dye responses on sarcoplasmic reticulum.
AuthorsBeeler TJ, Farmen RH, Martonosi AN
JournalJ Membr Biol
PubMed ID7277473
The mechanism of voltage-sensitive dye responses was analyzed on sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles to assess the changes in membrane potential related to Ca2+ transport. The absorbance and fluorescence responses of 3,3'-diethyl-2,2'-indodicarbocyanine and oxonol VI during ATP-dependent Ca2+ transport are influenced by the effect of accumulated Ca2+ upon the surface potential of ... More
Essential role of a GXXXG motif for membrane channel formation by Helicobacter pylori vacuolating toxin.
AuthorsMcClain MS, Iwamoto H, Cao P, Vinion-Dubiel AD, Li Y, Szabo G, Shao Z, Cover TL
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID12562777
Helicobacter pylori secretes a toxin, VacA, that can form anion-selective membrane channels. Within a unique amino-terminal hydrophobic region of VacA, there are three tandem GXXXG motifs (defined by glycines at positions 14, 18, 22, and 26), which are characteristic of transmembrane dimerization sequences. The goals of the current study were ... More
Proton movements and electric potential generation in reconstituted ATPase proteoliposomes from the thermophilic cyanobacterium Synechococcus 6716.
AuthorsVan Walraven HS, Marvin HJ, Koppenaal E, Kraayenhof R
JournalEur J Biochem
PubMed ID6092075
ATP hydrolysis-induced proton translocation and electric potential generation have been studied in ATPase proteoliposomes by means of various optical probes. The proteoliposomes consisted of reconstituted ATPase complex and native lipid mixture isolated from the thermophilic cyanobacterium Synechococcus 6716 [Van Walraven et al. (1983) Eur. J. Biochem. 137, 101-106]. The native ... More
The interaction of the potential-sensitive molecular probe merocyanine 540 with phosphorylating beef heart submitochondrial particles under equilibrium and time-resolved conditions.
AuthorsSmith JC, Graves JM, Williamson M
JournalArch Biochem Biophys
PubMed ID6732242
The interaction of the potential-sensitive extrinsic molecular probe merocyanine 540 ( M540 ) with phosphorylating submitochondrial particles has been investigated under equilibrium and time-resolved conditions. The addition of ATP to a M540 -membrane suspension produces oligomycin and CCCP-sensitive spectral changes with absolute maxima near 490, 530, and 565 nm; a ... More
The interaction of potential-sensitive molecular probes with dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine vesicles investigated by 31P-NMR and electron microscopy.
AuthorsBammel BP, Brand JA, Simmons RB, Evans D, Smith JC
JournalBiochim Biophys Acta
PubMed ID3801465
The effect of a number of commonly employed potential-sensitive molecular probes on the 31P-NMR properties of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine vesicles at two field strengths has been investigated in order to obtain information on the location and effect of these probes on the membrane bilayer. In comparison to the control dye-free vesicle spectrum, ... More
Association of Helicobacter pylori vacuolating toxin (VacA) with lipid rafts.
AuthorsSchraw W, Li Y, McClain MS, van der Goot FG, Cover TL
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID12121984
A variety of extracellular ligands and pathogens interact with raft domains in the plasma membrane of eukaryotic cells. In this study, we examined the role of lipid rafts and raft-associated glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored proteins in the process by which Helicobacter pylori vacuolating toxin (VacA) intoxicates cells. We first investigated whether GPI-anchored ... More
The effect of potential-sensitive molecular probes on the thermal phase transition in dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine preparations.
AuthorsFumero J, Bammel BP, Hopkins HP, Smith JC
JournalBiochim Biophys Acta
PubMed ID3179288
Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) has been employed to determine the effect of five commonly employed extrinsic potential-sensitive probes on phase transitions of multilamellar suspensions of L-alpha-dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC). At mol% values of less than five, the effect of these probes on the excess heat capacity curve in the vicinity of the ... More
Evidence for the role of a Na(+)/HCO(3)(-) cotransporter in trout hepatocyte pHi regulation.
AuthorsFurimsky M, Moon TW, Perry SF
JournalJ Exp Biol
PubMed ID10862732
The mechanisms of intracellular pH (pHi) regulation were examined in hepatocytes of the rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. pHi was monitored using the pH-sensitive fluorescent dye BCECF, and the effects of various media and pharmacological agents were examined for their influence on baseline pHi and recovery rates from acid and base ... More
Energy-dependent transformation of F0.F1-ATPase in Paracoccus denitrificans plasma membranes.
AuthorsZharova TV, Vinogradov AD
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID14722115
F(0).F(1)-ATP synthase in tightly coupled inside-out vesicles derived from Paracoccus denitrificans catalyzes rapid respiration-supported ATP synthesis, whereas their ATPase activity is very low. In the present study, the conditions required to reveal the Deltamu(H+)-generating ATP hydrolase activity of the bacterial enzyme have been elucidated. Energization of the membranes by respiration ... More