AuthorsChiang AS, Lin WY, Liu HP, Pszczolkowski MA, Fu TF, Chiu SL, Holbrook GL
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID11773617
'In vertebrates, the N-methyl-D-aspartate subtype of glutamate receptors (NMDAR) appears to play a role in neuronal development, synaptic plasticity, memory formation, and pituitary activity. However, functional NMDAR have not yet been characterized in insects. We have now demonstrated immunohistochemically glutamatergic nerve terminals in the corpora allata of an adult female ... More
Activation of calpain I converts excitotoxic neuron death into a caspase-independent cell death.
AuthorsLankiewicz S, Marc Luetjens C, Truc Bui N, Krohn AJ, Poppe M, Cole GM, Saido TC, Prehn JH
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID10828077
'Glutamate receptor overactivation contributes to neuron death after stroke, trauma, and epileptic seizures. Exposure of cultured rat hippocampal neurons to the selective glutamate receptor agonist N-methyl-d-aspartate (300 microm, 5 min) or to the apoptosis-inducing protein kinase inhibitor staurosporine (300 nm) induced a delayed neuron death. In both cases, neuron death ... More
Pivotal role of mitochondrial calcium uptake in neural cell apoptosis and necrosis.
AuthorsKruman II, Mattson MP
JournalJ Neurochem
PubMed ID9930724
'Perturbed cellular calcium homeostasis has been implicated in both apoptosis and necrosis, but the role of altered mitochondrial calcium handling in the cell death process is unclear. The temporal ordering of changes in cytoplasmic ([Ca2+]C) and intramitochondrial ([Ca2+]M) calcium levels in relation to mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and ... More
Biotinylated theta-toxin derivative as a probe to examine intracellular cholesterol-rich domains in normal and Niemann-Pick type C1 cells.
AuthorsSugii S, Reid PC, Ohgami N, Shimada Y, Maue RA, Ninomiya H, Ohno-Iwashita Y, Chang TY
JournalJ Lipid Res
PubMed ID12562855
'BCtheta is a proteolytically nicked and biotinylated derivative of a cholesterol binding protein perfringolysin O (theta-toxin), and has been used to detect cholesterol-rich domains at the plasma membrane (PM). Here we show that by modifying the cell fixation condition, BCtheta can also be used to detect cholesterol-rich domains intracellularly. When ... More
Fluorescence quenching: A tool for single-molecule protein-folding study.
AuthorsZhuang X, Ha T, Kim HD, Centner T, Labeit S, Chu S
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID11121030
'By using titin as a model system, we have demonstrated that fluorescence quenching can be used to study protein folding at the single molecule level. The unfolded titin molecules with multiple dye molecules attached are able to fold to the native state. In the native folded state, the fluorescence from ... More
The integrin alpha(v)beta8 mediates epithelial homeostasis through MT1-MMP-dependent activation of TGF-beta1.
Integrins, matrix metalloproteases (MMPs), and the cytokine TGF-beta have each been implicated in homeostatic cell behaviors such as cell growth and matrix remodeling. TGF-beta exists mainly in a latent state, and a major point of homeostatic control is the activation of TGF-beta. Because the latent domain of TGF-beta1 possesses an ... More
Prostate apoptosis response-4 enhances secretion of amyloid beta peptide 1-42 in human neuroblastoma IMR-32 cells by a caspase-dependent pathway.
AuthorsGuo Q, Xie J, Chang X, Du H
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID11278808
Prostate apoptosis response-4 (Par-4) is a leucine zipper protein that promotes neuronal cell death in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Neuronal degeneration in AD may result from extracellular accumulation of amyloid beta peptide (Abeta) 1-42. To examine the effect of Par-4 on Abeta secretion and to reconcile amyloid/apoptosis hypotheses of AD, we ... More
Detection of endogenous and antibody-conjugated alkaline phosphatase with ELF-97 phosphate in multicolor flow cytometry applications.
AuthorsTelford W, Cox W, Singer V
JournalCytometry
PubMed ID11169576
BACKGROUND: The fluorogenic alkaline phosphatase (AP) substrate 2-(5'-chloro-2'-phosphoryloxyphenyl)-6-chloro-4-(3H)-quinazolinone (ELF(R)-97 phosphate, for Enzyme-Labeled Fluorescence) has been used primarily in microscope-based imaging applications to detect endogenous AP activity, antigens and various ligands in cells and tissues, and nucleic acid hybridization. In a previous study, we demonstrated the applicability of ELF-97 phosphate for ... More
A biomimetic pH-responsive polymer directs endosomal release and intracellular delivery of an endocytosed antibody complex.
AuthorsLackey CA, Press OW, Hoffman AS, Stayton PS
JournalBioconjug Chem
PubMed ID12236781
Poly(propylacrylic acid) (PPAAc) is a synthetic pH-responsive polymer that has been shown to disrupt cell membranes at low pH values typical of the endosome, but not at physiological pH, suggesting its use as an endosomal-releasing agent [Murthy et al. J. Controlled Release 61, 137-43]. We have constructed an antibody-targeted biotherapeutic ... More