Role of the CDC25 homology domain of phospholipase Cepsilon in amplification of Rap1-dependent signaling.
AuthorsJin TG, Satoh T, Liao Y, Song C, Gao X, Kariya K, Hu CD, Kataoka T
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID11395506
Phospholipase Cepsilon (PLCepsilon) is a novel class of phosphoinositide-specific PLC characterized by possession of CDC25 homology and Ras/Rap1-associating domains. We and others have shown that human PLCepsilon is translocated from the cytoplasm to the plasma membrane and activated by direct association with Ras at its Ras/Rap1-associating domain. In addition, translocation ... More
Maternal effect mutations of the sponge locus affect actin cytoskeletal rearrangements in Drosophila melanogaster embryos.
AuthorsPostner MA, Miller KG, Wieschaus EF
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID1447298
'In the syncytial blastoderm stage of Drosophila embryogenesis, dome-shaped actin "caps" are observed above the interphase nuclei. During mitosis, this actin rearranges to participate in the formation of pseudocleavage furrows, transient membranous invaginations between dividing nuclei. Embryos laid by homozygous sponge mothers lack these characteristic actin structures, but retain other ... More
Monoclonal antibodies to NTF2 inhibit nuclear protein import by preventing nuclear translocation of the GTPase Ran.
AuthorsSteggerda SM, Black BE, Paschal BM
JournalMol Biol Cell
PubMed ID10679025
'Nuclear transport factor 2 (NTF2) is a soluble transport protein originally identified by its ability to stimulate nuclear localization signal (NLS)-dependent protein import in digitonin-permeabilized cells. NTF2 has been shown to bind nuclear pore complex proteins and the GDP form of Ran in vitro. Recently, it has been reported that ... More
Localization and kinetics of protein kinase C-epsilon anchoring in cardiac myocytes.
AuthorsRobia SL, Ghanta J, Robu VG, Walker JW
JournalBiophys J
PubMed ID11325717
'Protein kinase C-epsilon (PKC-epsilon) plays a central role in cardiac cell signaling, but mechanisms of translocation and anchoring upon activation are poorly understood. Conventional PKC isoforms rely on a rapid Ca2+-mediated recruitment to cell membranes, but this mechanism cannot be employed by PKC-epsilon or other PKC isoforms lacking a Ca2+-binding ... More
Extracellular Mg2+ induces an intracellular Ca2+ wave during oocyte activation in the marine shrimp Sicyonia ingentis.
AuthorsLindsay LL, Hertzler PL, Clark WH
JournalDev Biol
PubMed ID1628759
'In contrast to most systems in which oocyte activation is triggered by the fertilizing sperm, Sicyonia ingentis oocytes are activated by seawater Mg2+ during spawning. S. ingentis oocytes were spawned into Mg(2+)-free seawater and microinjected with the fluorescent Ca2+ indicator Fluo-3 to study the effects of added Mg2+ on intracellular ... More
Co-assembly of plasma and cellular fibronectins into fibrils in human fibroblast cultures.
'Exogenous plasma and endogenous cellular fibronectins on the surface of cultured fibroblasts and in extracellular matrix fibrils were colocalized by fluorescent and high voltage immunoelectron microscopy. Fibroblast cultures grown in the presence or absence of cycloheximide were incubated with exogenous plasma fibronectin labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate. A monoclonal antibody specific ... More
Paxillin: a new vinculin-binding protein present in focal adhesions.
AuthorsTurner CE, Glenney JR, Burridge K
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID2118142
'The 68-kD protein (paxillin) is a cytoskeletal component that localizes to the focal adhesions at the ends of actin stress fibers in chicken embryo fibroblasts. It is also present in the focal adhesions of Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) epithelial cells but is absent, like talin, from the cell-cell adherens junctions ... More
Immunological evidence for methylglyoxal-derived modifications in vivo. Determination of antigenic epitopes.
AuthorsShamsi FA, Partal A, Sady C, Glomb MA, Nagaraj RH
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID9506998
'The Maillard reaction, a non-enzymatic reaction of ketones and aldehydes with amino groups of proteins, contributes to the aging of proteins and to complications associated with diabetes. Methylglyoxal (MG) is a 2-oxoaldehyde derived from glycolytic intermediates and produced during the Maillard reaction. We reported previously the formation of a lysine-lysine ... More
Syndecan-4 deficiency impairs focal adhesion formation only under restricted conditions.
AuthorsIshiguro K, Kadomatsu K, Kojima T, Muramatsu H, Tsuzuki S, Nakamura E, Kusugami K, Saito H, Muramatsu T
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID10681494
'Two domains of fibronectin deliver two different but cooperative signals required for focal adhesion formation. The signal from the cell-binding domain is mediated by integrins, whereas the signal from the heparin-binding domain is recognized by heparan sulfate proteoglycans, of which syndecan-4 has been hypothesized to be involved in focal adhesion ... More
Triad formation: organization and function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium release channel and triadin in normal and dysgenic muscle in vitro.
AuthorsFlucher BE, Andrews SB, Fleischer S, Marks AR, Caswell A, Powell JA
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID8245124
'Excitation-contraction (E-C) coupling is thought to involve close interactions between the calcium release channel (ryanodine receptor; RyR) of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and the dihydropyridine receptor (DHPR) alpha 1 subunit in the T-tubule membrane. Triadin, a 95-kD protein isolated from heavy SR, binds both the RyR and DHPR and may ... More
IQGAP1 Is a Component of Cdc42 Signaling to the Cytoskeleton.
Authors Swart-Mataraza Jennifer M; Li Zhigang; Sacks David B;
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID11948177
'The Ras-GAP related protein IQGAP1 binds several proteins, including actin, calmodulin, E-cadherin and the Rho family GTPase Cdc42. To gain insight into its in vivo function, IQGAP1 was overexpressed in mammalian cells. Transfection of IQGAP1 significantly increased the levels of active, GTP-bound Cdc42, resulting in the formation of peripheral actin ... More
Localization of caldesmon and its dephosphorylation during cell division.
AuthorsHosoya N, Hosoya H, Yamashiro S, Mohri H, Matsumura F
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID8388877
'Mitosis-specific phosphorylation by cdc2 kinase causes nonmuscle caldesmon to dissociate from microfilaments during prometaphase. (Yamashiro, S., Y. Yamakita, R. Ishikawa, and F. Matsumura. 1990. Nature (Lond.). 344:675-678; Yamashiro, S., Y. Yamakita, H. Hosoya, and F. Matsumura. 1991. Nature (Lond.) 349:169-172). To explore the functions of caldesmon phosphorylation during cytokinesis, we ... More
Cocaine-induced dendritic spine formation in D1 and D2 dopamine receptor-containing medium spiny neurons in nucleus accumbens.
AuthorsLee KW, Kim Y, Kim AM, Helmin K, Nairn AC, Greengard P
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID16492766
'Psychostimulant-induced alteration of dendritic spines on dopaminoceptive neurons in nucleus accumbens (NAcc) has been hypothesized as an adaptive neuronal response that is linked to long-lasting addictive behaviors. NAcc is largely composed of two distinct subpopulations of medium-sized spiny neurons expressing high levels of either dopamine D1 or D2 receptors. In ... More
Recombinant expression of the plasma membrane Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger affects local and global Ca(2+) homeostasis in Chinese hamster ovary cells.
AuthorsBrini M, Manni S, Carafoli E
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID12145298
'The cardiac type Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger (NCX1) has been transiently expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells, which do not contain an endogenous exchanger, together with aequorin chimeras that are targeted to different intracellular compartments to investigate intracellular Ca(2+) homeostasis. The expression of NCX decreased the endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) concentration, [Ca(2+)](er), in ... More
Reduction of connexin43 expression and dye-coupling during neuronal differentiation of human NTera2/clone D1 cells.
AuthorsBani-Yaghoub M, Bechberger JF, Naus CC
JournalJ Neurosci Res
PubMed ID9211986
'Gap junctions are plasma membrane specializations that allow direct communication among adjoining cells. We used a human pluripotential teratocarcinoma cell line, NTera-2/clone D1 (NT2/D1), as a model to study gap junctions in CNS neurons and their neuronal precursors. These cells were differentiated following retinoic acid (RA) treatment for 4 weeks ... More
The subcellular localization of E2F-4 is cell-cycle dependent.
AuthorsLindeman GJ, Gaubatz S, Livingston DM, Ginsberg D
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID9144196
'The E2F family of transcription factors plays a crucial role in cell cycle progression. E2F activity is tightly regulated by a number of mechanisms, which include the timely synthesis and degradation of E2F, interaction with retinoblastoma protein family members ("pocket proteins"), association with DP heterodimeric partner proteins, and phosphorylation of ... More
Dictyostelium mutants lacking the cytoskeletal protein coronin are defective in cytokinesis and cell motility.
Authorsde Hostos EL, Rehfuess C, Bradtke B, Waddell DR, Albrecht R, Murphy J, Gerisch G
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID8380174
'Coronin is an actin-binding protein in Dictyostelium discoideum that is enriched at the leading edge of the cells and in projections of the cell surface called crowns. The polypeptide sequence of coronin is distinguished by its similarities to the beta-subunits of trimeric G proteins (E. L. de Hostos, B. Bradtke, ... More
SM-20 is a novel mitochondrial protein that causes caspase-dependent cell death in nerve growth factor-dependent neurons.
AuthorsLipscomb EA, Sarmiere PD, Freeman RS
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID11060309
'Sympathetic neurons undergo protein synthesis-dependent apoptosis when deprived of nerve growth factor (NGF). Expression of SM-20 is up-regulated in NGF-deprived sympathetic neurons, and ectopic SM-20 is sufficient to promote neuronal death in the presence of NGF. We now report that SM-20 is a mitochondrial protein that promotes cell death through ... More
The transcription factor AP-1 is required for EGF-induced activation of rho-like GTPases, cytoskeletal rearrangements, motility, and in vitro invasion of A431 cells.
AuthorsMalliri A, Symons M, Hennigan RF, Hurlstone AF, Lamb RF, Wheeler T, Ozanne BW
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID9817764
'Human squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) frequently express elevated levels of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). EGFR overexpression in SCC-derived cell lines correlates with their ability to invade in an in vitro invasion assay in response to EGF, whereas benign epidermal cells, which express low levels of EGFR, do not invade. ... More
Bending a membrane: how clathrin affects budding.
AuthorsHinrichsen L, Meyerholz A, Groos S, Ungewickell EJ
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID16735469
'Receptor-mediated endocytosis of ligands, such as transferrin and LDL, is suppressed when clathrin synthesis is blocked by RNA interference in HeLa cells. We have found that domains containing the adapter complex 2 (AP2)-coated vesicle adapter and the endocytic accessory proteins CALM (clathrin assembly lymphoid myeloid leukemia protein), epsin, and eps15/eps15R ... More
Antibody interactions with the capsule of Cryptococcus neoformans.
AuthorsFeldmesser M, Rivera J, Kress Y, Kozel TR, Casadevall A
JournalInfect Immun
PubMed ID10816523
'Monoclonal antibodies to the encapsulated fungus Cryptococcus neoformans produce different immunofluorescence (IF) patterns after binding to the polysaccharide capsule. To explore the relationship between the IF pattern and the location of antibody binding, two immunoglobulin M (IgM) monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) (12A1 and 13F1) that differ in protective efficacy and IF ... More
Forskolin inhibits and reverses the effects of brefeldin A on Golgi morphology by a cAMP-independent mechanism.
'Brefeldin A (BFA) causes rapid redistribution of Golgi proteins into the ER, leaving no definable Golgi apparatus, and blocks transport of proteins into post-Golgi compartments in the cell. In this study we follow the disassembly of the Golgi apparatus in BFA-treated, living cells labeled with NBD-ceramide and demonstrate that forskolin ... More
C-reactive protein reacts with the U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein.
AuthorsDu Clos TW
JournalJ Immunol
PubMed ID2477447
'C-reactive protein (CRP) was found to produce a small, discrete, speckled fluorescence pattern in the nucleus of HEp-2 cells. Double staining with anti-RNP serum and CRP produced very similar staining patterns. By counterimmunoelectrophoresis CRP was bound to extractable nuclear antigens found in rabbit thymus extract. The reactive components of the ... More
Physical interaction between epidermal growth factor receptor and DNA-dependent protein kinase in mammalian cells.
AuthorsBandyopadhyay D, Mandal M, Adam L, Mendelsohn J, Kumar R
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID9430697
'Binding of extracellular ligands to epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) activate signal transduction pathways associated with cell proliferation, and these events are inhibited by monoclonal antibodies against EGFR. Since efficient DNA repair in actively growing cells may require growth factor signaling, it was of interest to explore any linkage between ... More
Effects of the regulatory light chain phosphorylation of myosin II on mitosis and cytokinesis of mammalian cells.
Authors Komatsu S; Yano T; Shibata M; Tuft R A; Ikebe M;
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID10944522
'Myosin plays an important role in mitosis, especially during cytokinesis. Although it has been assumed that phosphorylation of regulatory light chain of myosin (RLC) controls motility of mammalian non-muscle cells, the functional significance of RLC phosphorylation remains uninvestigated. To address this problem, we have produced unphosphorylatable RLC (T18A/S19A RLC) and ... More
Tyrosine phosphorylation of cortactin is required for H2O2-mediated injury of human endothelial cells.
AuthorsLi Y, Liu J, Zhan X
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID10952984
'Injury of endothelial cells induced by reactive oxygen species plays an important role in the development of early stages of vascular diseases such as hypertension and atherosclerosis. Exposure of human umbilical vein endothelial cells to hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), a common form of reaction oxygen species, triggers a series of intracellular ... More
Human erythrocytes adhering to schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni lyse and fail to transfer membrane components to the parasite.
AuthorsCaulfield JP, Cianci CM
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID4008525
'We studied the adherence of human erythrocytes to larvae of the intravascular parasite Schistosoma mansoni by transmission microscopy, freeze fracture, and fluorescence techniques. In addition, we used the adherent cells to investigate the problem of host antigen acquisition. Schistosomula were cultured for from 24 to 48 h after transformation in ... More
Caldesmon inhibits nonmuscle cell contractility and interferes with the formation of focal adhesions.
AuthorsHelfman DM, Levy ET, Berthier C, Shtutman M, Riveline D, Grosheva I, Lachish-Zalait A, Elbaum M, Bershadsky AD
JournalMol Biol Cell
PubMed ID10512853
'Caldesmon is known to inhibit the ATPase activity of actomyosin in a Ca(2+)-calmodulin-regulated manner. Although a nonmuscle isoform of caldesmon is widely expressed, its functional role has not yet been elucidated. We studied the effects of nonmuscle caldesmon on cellular contractility, actin cytoskeletal organization, and the formation of focal adhesions ... More
The function of intermediate filaments in cell shape and cytoskeletal integrity.
'This study describes the development and use of a specific method for disassembling intermediate filament (IF) networks in living cells. It takes advantage of the disruptive effects of mimetic peptides derived from the amino acid sequence of the helix initiation 1A domain of IF protein chains. The results demonstrate that ... More
Dermal microvascular endothelial cells express the 180-kDa macrophage mannose receptor in situ and in vitro.
AuthorsGröger M, Holnthoner W, Maurer D, Lechleitner S, Wolff K, Mayr BB, Lubitz W, Petzelbauer P
JournalJ Immunol
PubMed ID11067894
'Expression of the 180-kDa mannose receptor (MR) is mainly found on cells of the macrophage lineage. MR mediates the uptake of micro-organisms and host-derived glycoproteins. We demonstrate that endothelium of the human skin in situ and dermal microvascular endothelial cells (DMEC) in vitro expressed MR at both the protein and ... More
Ca2+ signaling by distinct endothelin peptides in glomerular mesangial cells.
AuthorsSimonson MS, Dunn MJ
JournalExp Cell Res
PubMed ID1845794
'Ca2+ signaling by peptides of the endothelin (ET) gene family was studied in cultured glomerular mesangial cells. In addition to the increase in cytosolic free [Ca2+] ([Ca2+]i) previously described for ET-1, we also observed that ET-2, ET-3, and sarafotoxin S6b generate similar [Ca2+]i waveforms but with dissimilar potencies and kinetics. ... More
'In this study, we have identified and partially characterized a mouse T-lymphoma ryanodine receptor on a unique type of internal vesicle which bands at the relatively light density of 1.07 g/ml. Analysis of the binding of [3H]ryanodine to these internal vesicles reveals the presence of a single, low affinity binding ... More
Characterization of the signal that directs Tom20 to the mitochondrial outer membrane.
AuthorsKanaji S, Iwahashi J, Kida Y, Sakaguchi M, Mihara K
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID11038175
'Tom20 is a major receptor of the mitochondrial preprotein translocation system and is bound to the outer membrane through the NH(2)-terminal transmembrane domain (TMD) in an Nin-Ccyt orientation. We analyzed the mitochondria-targeting signal of rat Tom20 (rTom20) in COS-7 cells, using green fluorescent protein (GFP) as the reporter by systematically ... More
Temperature-sensitive yeast mutants defective in mitochondrial inheritance.
AuthorsMcConnell SJ, Stewart LC, Talin A, Yaffe MP
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID2202739
'The distribution of mitochondria to daughter cells is an essential feature of mitotic cell growth, yet the molecular mechanisms facilitating this mitochondrial inheritance are unknown. We have isolated mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae that are temperature-sensitive for the transfer of mitochondria into a growing bud. Two of these mutants contain single, ... More
Identification of ARAP3, a novel PI3K effector regulating both Arf and Rho GTPases, by selective capture on phosphoinositide affinity matrices.
AuthorsKrugmann S, Anderson KE, Ridley SH, Risso N, McGregor A, Coadwell J, Davidson K, Eguinoa A, Ellson CD, Lipp P, Manifava M, Ktistakis N, Painter G, Thuring JW, Cooper MA, Lim ZY, Holmes AB, Dove SK, Michell RH, Grewal A, Nazarian A, Erdjument-Bromage H, Tempst P, Stephens LR, Hawkins PT
JournalMol Cell
PubMed ID11804589
'We show that matrices carrying the tethered homologs of natural phosphoinositides can be used to capture and display multiple phosphoinositide binding proteins in cell and tissue extracts. We present the mass spectrometric identification of over 20 proteins isolated by this method, mostly from leukocyte extracts: they include known and novel ... More
Dynamic localization of protein phosphatase type 1 in the mitotic cell cycle of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AuthorsBloecher A, Tatchell K
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID10747092
'Protein phosphatase type I (PP1), encoded by the single essential gene GLC7 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, functions in diverse cellular processes. To identify in vivo subcellular location(s) where these processes take place, we used a functional green fluorescent protein (GFP)-Glc7p fusion protein. Time-lapse fluorescence microscopy revealed GFP-Glc7p localizes predominantly in the ... More
Matrix nonenzymatic glycosylation leads to altered cellular phenotype and intracellular tyrosine phosphorylation.
AuthorsHasegawa G, Hunter AJ, Charonis AS
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID7531703
'The effect of matrix nonenzymatic glycosylation on signal transduction and the cellular phenotype was examined. Human microvascular endothelial cells were plated on control or glycated basement membrane-like matrix. Cells exhibited a decrease in their ability to adhere and spread on modified matrix. The pattern of intracellular tyrosine phosphorylation was examined ... More
A simple fixation procedure for immunofluorescent detection of different cytoskeletal components within the same cell.
AuthorsVielkind U, Swierenga SH
JournalHistochemistry
PubMed ID2925451
'In recent studies on the cytoskeletal organization of T51B rat liver cells by indirect immunofluorescence microscopy, we have been unable to achieve double-staining of microtubules and intermediate filaments within the same cell. In acetone-fixed cells, microtubules were poorly preserved, and two out of three monoclonal antibodies tested did not stain ... More
Thrombospondin modulates focal adhesions in endothelial cells.
AuthorsMurphy-Ullrich JE, Höök M
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID2768342
'We examined the effects of thrombospondin (TSP) in the substrate adhesion of bovine aortic endothelial cells. The protein was tested both as a substrate for cell adhesion and as a modulator of the later stages of the cell adhesive process. TSP substrates supported the attachment of some BAE cells, but ... More
Cleaving the oxidative repair protein Ape1 enhances cell death mediated by granzyme A.
AuthorsFan Z, Beresford PJ, Zhang D, Xu Z, Novina CD, Yoshida A, Pommier Y, Lieberman J
JournalNat Immunol
PubMed ID12524539
The cytolytic T lymphocyte protease granzyme A (GzmA) initiates a caspase-independent cell death pathway. Here we report that the rate-limiting enzyme of DNA base excision repair, apurinic endonuclease-1 (Ape1), which is also known as redox factor-1 (Ref-1), binds to GzmA and is contained in the SET complex, a macromolecular complex ... More
Suppression of tumorigenicity in transformed cells after transfection with vinculin cDNA.
AuthorsRodríguez Fernández JL, Geiger B, Salomon D, Sabanay I, Zöller M, Ben-Ze'ev A
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID1400584
Transfection of chicken vinculin cDNA into two tumor cell lines expressing diminished levels of the endogenous protein, brought about a drastic suppression of their tumorigenic ability. The SV-40-transformed Balb/c 3T3 line (SVT2) contains four times less vinculin than the parental 3T3 cells, and the rat adenocarcinoma BSp73ASML has no detectable ... More
A new 400-kD protein from isolated adherens junctions: its localization at the undercoat of adherens junctions and at microfilament bundles such as stress fibers and circumferential bundles.
AuthorsTsukita S, Itoh M, Tsukita S
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID2687289
In the previous study, we succeeded in isolating the cell-to-cell adherens junctions from rat liver (Tsukita, S., and S. Tsukita. 1989. J. Cell Biol. 108:31-41.). In this study, we have obtained mAbs specific to the 400-kD protein, which was identified as one of the major constituents of the undercoat of ... More
Altered states: involvement of phosphorylated CagA in the induction of host cellular growth changes by Helicobacter pylori.
AuthorsSegal ED, Cha J, Lo J, Falkow S, Tompkins LS
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID10588744
Helicobacter pylori, present in half of the world's population, is a very successful pathogen. It can survive for decades in the human stomach with few obvious consequences to the host. However, it is also the cause of gastric diseases ranging from gastritis to ulcers to gastric cancer and has been ... More
Rich, a rho GTPase-activating protein domain-containing protein involved in signaling by Cdc42 and Rac1.
AuthorsRichnau N, Aspenström P
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID11431473
A previously unidentified Rho GTPase-activating protein (GAP) domain-containing protein was found in a yeast two-hybrid screen for cDNAs encoding proteins binding to the Src homology 3 domain of Cdc42-interacting protein 4 (CIP4). The protein was named RICH-1 (RhoGAP interacting with CIP4 homologues), and, in addition to the RhoGAP domain, it ... More
GTPases and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase are critical for insulin-like growth factor-I-mediated Schwann cell motility.
AuthorsCheng HL, Steinway ML, Russell JW, Feldman EL
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID10829021
Previously, we reported insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) promotes motility and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) activation in neuronal cells. In the current study, we examined the role of IGF-I in Schwann cell (SC) motility. IGF-I increases SC process extension and motility. In parallel, IGF-I activates IGF-I receptor, insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), ... More
Homeostatic control of presynaptic release is triggered by postsynaptic membrane depolarization.
AuthorsParadis S, Sweeney ST, Davis GW
JournalNeuron
PubMed ID11430807
Homeostatic mechanisms regulate synaptic function to maintain nerve and muscle excitation within reasonable physiological limits. The mechanisms that initiate homeostasic changes to synaptic function are not known. We specifically impaired cellular depolarization by expressing the Kir2.1 potassium channel in Drosophila muscle. In Kir2.1-expressing muscle there is a persistent outward potassium ... More
Internalization of Chlamydia by dendritic cells and stimulation of Chlamydia-specific T cells.
AuthorsOjcius DM, Bravo de Alba Y, Kanellopoulos JM, Hawkins RA, Kelly KA, Rank RG, Dautry-Varsat A
JournalJ Immunol
PubMed ID9570547
Chlamydia species are the causative agents of trachoma, various forms of pneumonia, and the most common sexually transmitted diseases. Although the infection cycle has been extensively characterized in epithelial cells, where the Chlamydia entry-vacuoles avoid fusion with host-cell lysosomes, the cellular immune response has received less attention. Moreover, despite the ... More
Lack of tyrosine nitration by hypochlorous acid in the presence of physiological concentrations of nitrite. Implications for the role of nitryl chloride in tyrosine nitration in vivo.
AuthorsWhiteman M, Siau JL, Halliwell B
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID12475975
Elevated levels of reactive nitrogen species (RNS) such as peroxynitrite have been implicated in over 50 diverse human diseases as measured by the formation of the RNS biomarker 3-nitrotyrosine. Recently, an additional RNS was postulated to contribute to 3-nitrotyrosine formation in vivo; nitryl chloride formed from the reaction of nitrite ... More
Pre-conditioning of smooth muscle cells via induction of the heat shock response limits proliferation following mechanical injury.
AuthorsSlepian MJ, Massia SP, Whitesell L
JournalBiochem Biophys Res Commun
PubMed ID8753806
Arterial smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation is a significant component of post-angioplasty restenosis. We evaluated whether pre-conditioning of SMCs, via induction of the heat shock response prior to actual physical injury, would result in an alteration in cell proliferation following injury. Rat aortic SMCs were pretreated with either chemical or ... More
The mitochondrial permeability transition, release of cytochrome c and cell death. Correlation with the duration of pore openings in situ.
AuthorsPetronilli V, Penzo D, Scorrano L, Bernardi P, Di Lisa F
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID11134038
We investigated the relationship between opening of the permeability transition pore (PTP), mitochondrial depolarization, cytochrome c release, and occurrence of cell death in rat hepatoma MH1C1 cells. Treatment with arachidonic acid or induces PTP opening in situ with similar kinetics, as assessed by the calcein loading-Co(2+) quenching technique (Petronilli, V., ... More
Pituitary tumor transforming gene causes aneuploidy and p53-dependent and p53-independent apoptosis.
AuthorsYu R, Heaney AP, Lu W, Chen J, Melmed S
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID11013229
The pituitary tumor transforming gene, PTTG, is abundantly expressed in several neoplasms. We recently showed that PTTG overexpression is associated with apoptosis and therefore have now studied the role of p53 in this process. In MCF-7 breast cancer cells that express wild type p53, PTTG overexpression caused apoptosis. p53 was ... More
Actin turnover is required to prevent axon retraction driven by endogenous actomyosin contractility.
AuthorsGallo G, Yee HF, Letourneau PC
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID12356866
Growth cone motility and guidance depend on the dynamic reorganization of filamentous actin (F-actin). In the growth cone, F-actin undergoes turnover, which is the exchange of actin subunits from existing filaments. However, the function of F-actin turnover is not clear. We used jasplakinolide (jasp), a cell-permeable macrocyclic peptide that inhibits ... More
The missing link in coronavirus assembly. Retention of the avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus envelope protein in the pre-Golgi compartments and physical interaction between the envelope and membrane proteins.
AuthorsLim KP, Liu DX
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID11278557
One missing link in the coronavirus assembly is the physical interaction between two crucial structural proteins, the membrane (M) and envelope (E) proteins. In this study, we demonstrate that the coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus E can physically interact, via a putative peripheral domain, with M. Deletion of this domain resulted ... More
Isometric contraction by fibroblasts and endothelial cells in tissue culture: a quantitative study.
AuthorsKolodney MS, Wysolmerski RB
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID1556157
We have used an isometric force transducer to study contraction of two types of nonmuscle cells in tissue culture. This method permits the quantitative measurement of contractile force generated by cells of defined type under the influence of external agents while allowing detailed morphological observation. Chick embryo fibroblasts (CEF), which ... More
Okadaic acid treatment leads to a fragmentation of the trans-Golgi network and an increase in expression of TGN38 at the cell surface.
AuthorsHorn M, Banting G
JournalBiochem J
PubMed ID8037693
Okadaic acid (OA) is a protein phosphatase inhibitor which has, among other properties, previously been shown to induce a fragmentation of the cisternae of the Golgi stack [for review, see Lucocq (1992) J. Cell Sci. 103, 875-880]. The effects of OA an reversible and mimic intracellular events which occur during ... More
Modulation of microtubule stability by kinetochores in vitro.
AuthorsHyman AA, Mitchison TJ
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID2186046
The interface between kinetochores and microtubules in the mitotic spindle is known to be dynamic. Kinetochore microtubules can both polymerize and depolymerize, and their dynamic behavior is intimately related to chromosome movement. In this paper we investigate the influence of kinetochores on the inherent dynamic behavior of microtubules using an ... More
Ges, A human GTPase of the Rad/Gem/Kir family, promotes endothelial cell sprouting and cytoskeleton reorganization.
AuthorsPan JY, Fieles WE, White AM, Egerton MM, Silberstein DS
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID10831614
Rad, Gem/Kir, and mRem (RGK) represent a unique GTPase family with largely unknown functions (Reynet, C., and C.R. Kahn. 1993. Science. 262:1441-1444; Cohen, L., R. Mohr, Y. Chen, M. Huang, R. Kato, D. Dorin, F. Tamanoi, A. Goga, D. Afar, N. Rosenberg, and O. Witte. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. ... More
Cloning and characterization of GEF-H1, a microtubule-associated guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac and Rho GTPases.
AuthorsRen Y, Li R, Zheng Y, Busch H
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID9857026
The Rho-related small GTPases are critical elements involved in regulation of signal transduction cascades from extracellular stimuli to cell nucleus and cytoskeleton. The Dbl-like guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF) have been implicated in direct activation of these GTPases. Here we have identified a new member of the Dbl family, GEF-H1, ... More
Intracellular localization of the Ret finger protein depends on a functional nuclear export signal and protein kinase C activation.
AuthorsHarbers M, Nomura T, Ohno S, Ishii S
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID11591718
The Ret finger protein (RFP) was identified initially as an oncogene product and belongs to a family of proteins that contain a tripartite motif consisting of a RING finger, a B box, and a coiled-coil domain. RFP represses transcription by interacting with Enhancer of Polycomb and is localized to the ... More
Cell movement is guided by the rigidity of the substrate.
AuthorsLo CM, Wang HB, Dembo M, Wang YL
JournalBiophys J
PubMed ID10866943
Directional cell locomotion is critical in many physiological processes, including morphogenesis, the immune response, and wound healing. It is well known that in these processes cell movements can be guided by gradients of various chemical signals. In this study, we demonstrate that cell movement can also be guided by purely ... More
Exogenous glycosyl phosphatidylinositol-anchored CD59 associates with kinases in membrane clusters on U937 cells and becomes Ca(2+)-signaling competent.
Authorsvan den Berg CW, Cinek T, Hallett MB, Horejsi V, Morgan BP
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID7593188
CD59, an 18-20-kD complement inhibitor anchored to the membrane via glycosyl phosphatidylinositol (GPI), can induce activation of T cells and neutrophils upon cross-linking with antibody. GPI-anchored molecules cocluster in high mol wt detergent-resistant complexes containing tyrosine kinases that are implicated in the signaling pathway. Exogenous, incorporated GPI-anchored molecules are initially ... More
The PTPmu protein-tyrosine phosphatase binds and recruits the scaffolding protein RACK1 to cell-cell contacts.
AuthorsMourton T, Hellberg CB, Burden-Gulley SM, Hinman J, Rhee A, Brady-Kalnay SM
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID11278757
PTPmu, an Ig superfamily receptor protein-tyrosine phosphatase, promotes cell-cell adhesion and interacts with the cadherin-catenin complex. The signaling pathway downstream of PTPmu is unknown; therefore, we used a yeast two-hybrid screen to identify additional PTPmu interacting proteins. The membrane-proximal catalytic domain of PTPmu was used as bait. Sequencing of two ... More
Identification of a novel tropomodulin isoform, skeletal tropomodulin, that caps actin filament pointed ends in fast skeletal muscle.
AuthorsAlmenar-Queralt A, Lee A, Conley CA, Ribas de Pouplana L, Fowler VM
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID10497209
Tropomodulin (E-Tmod) is an actin filament pointed end capping protein that maintains the length of the sarcomeric actin filaments in striated muscle. Here, we describe the identification and characterization of a novel tropomodulin isoform, skeletal tropomodulin (Sk-Tmod) from chickens. Sk-Tmod is 62% identical in amino acid sequence to the previously ... More
Evidence for motility and pinocytosis in ramified microglia in tissue culture.
AuthorsBooth PL, Thomas WE
JournalBrain Res
PubMed ID1868330
Ramified microglial cells were investigated in primary cultures of dissociated cerebral cortical tissue from rats. The identification of these cells was confirmed through immunohistochemical staining with 7 monoclonal antibodies selective for microglia. While there was significant variation in staining intensity with different antibodies, all stained the identified ramified cells; the ... More
Human munc13 is a diacylglycerol receptor that induces apoptosis and may contribute to renal cell injury in hyperglycemia.
AuthorsSong Y, Ailenberg M, Silverman M
JournalMol Biol Cell
PubMed ID10233166
We have previously shown that human munc13 (hmunc13) is up-regulated by hyperglycemia under in vitro conditions in human mesangial cell cultures. The purpose of the present study was to determine the cellular function of hmunc13. To do this, we have investigated the subcellular localization of hmunc13 in a transiently transfected ... More
FAK induces expression of Prx1 to promote tenascin-C-dependent fibroblast migration.
AuthorsMcKean DM, Sisbarro L, Ilic D, Kaplan-Alburquerque N, Nemenoff R, Weiser-Evans M, Kern MJ, Jones PL
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID12741393
Fibroblast migration depends, in part, on activation of FAK and cellular interactions with tenascin-C (TN-C). Consistent with the idea that FAK regulates TN-C, migration-defective FAK-null cells expressed reduced levels of TN-C. Furthermore, expression of FAK in FAK-null fibroblasts induced TN-C, whereas inhibition of FAK activity in FAK-wild-type cells had the ... More
Perturbation of the morphology of the trans-Golgi network following Brefeldin A treatment: redistribution of a TGN-specific integral membrane protein, TGN38.
AuthorsReaves B, Banting G
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID1730751
Brefeldin A (BFA) has a dramatic effect on the morphology of the Golgi apparatus and induces a rapid redistribution of Golgi proteins into the ER (Lippincott-Schwartz, J., L. C. Yuan, J. S. Bonifacino, and R. D. Klausner. 1989. Cell. 56:801-813). To date, no evidence that BFA affects the morphology of ... More
Depletion of 43-kD growth-associated protein in primary sensory neurons leads to diminished formation and spreading of growth cones.
AuthorsAigner L, Caroni P
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID8408223
The 43-kD growth-associated protein (GAP-43) is a major protein kinase C (PKC) substrate of growing axons, and of developing nerve terminals and glial cells. It is a highly hydrophilic protein associated with the cortical cytoskeleton and membranes. In neurons it is rapidly transported from the cell body to growth cones ... More
Monocyte adhesion and spreading on human endothelial cells is dependent on Rho-regulated receptor clustering.
AuthorsWójciak-Stothard B, Williams L, Ridley AJ
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID10366600
The GTPase Rho is known to mediate the assembly of integrin-containing focal adhesions and actin stress fibers. Here, we investigate the role of Rho in regulating the distribution of the monocyte-binding receptors E-selectin, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 in human endothelial cells. Inhibition of Rho activity with C3 transferase or N19RhoA, a ... More
Receptor-regulated translocation of endothelial nitric-oxide synthase.
AuthorsPrabhakar P, Thatte HS, Goetz RM, Cho MR, Golan DE, Michel T
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID9765266
The endothelial nitric-oxide synthase (eNOS) is activated by transient increases in intracellular Ca2+ elicited by stimulation of diverse receptors, including bradykinin B2 receptors on endothelial cells. eNOS and B2 receptors are targeted to specialized signal-transducing domains in the plasma membrane termed plasmalemmal caveolae. Targeting to caveolae facilitates eNOS activation following ... More
Evaluation of fluorochromes and excitation sources for immunofluorescence in water samples.
AuthorsVesey G, Deere D, Gauci MR, Griffiths KR, Williams KL, Veal DA
JournalCytometry
PubMed ID9332821
Fluorescent labelling methods for detecting microorganisms in water have limited sensitivity partly due to the natural autofluorescence from environmental particles. The aim of this study was to examine the autofluorescence of water samples to determine the optimal excitation source and fluorescent labels for minimising background autofluorescence and therefore enhancing sensitive ... More
Gap junction blockage interferes with neuronal and astroglial differentiation of mouse P19 embryonal carcinoma cells.
AuthorsBani-Yaghoub M, Underhill TM, Naus CC
JournalDev Genet
PubMed ID10079512
During embryonic development, cells not only increase in number, they also undergo specialization and differentiate into diverse cell types that are organized into different tissues and organs. Nervous system development, for example, involves a complex series of events such as neuronal and astroglial differentiation that are coordinated among adjacent cells. ... More
Different effects of tolbutamide and diazoxide in alpha, beta-, and delta-cells within intact islets of Langerhans.
AuthorsQuesada I, Nadal A, Soria B
JournalDiabetes
PubMed ID10580428
Interaction between the different types of cells within the islet of Langerhans is vital for adequate control of insulin release. Once insulin secretion becomes defective, as in type 2 diabetes, the most useful drugs to increase insulin release are sulfonylureas. It is well-known that sulfonylureas block K(ATP) channels, which results ... More
pp60v-src association with the cytoskeleton induces actin reorganization without affecting polymerization status.
AuthorsFelice GR, Eason P, Nermut MV, Kellie S
JournalEur J Cell Biol
PubMed ID2167224
The mechanism by which Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) induces a reorganization of actin and its associated proteins and a reduction in microfilament bundles is at present poorly understood. To examine the relationship between the organization of the microfilament system and the polymerization state of actin after transformation, we have investigated ... More
A protein homologous to the Torpedo postsynaptic 58K protein is present at the myotendinous junction.
AuthorsChen Q, Sealock R, Peng HB
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID2112550
The 58K protein is a peripheral membrane protein enriched in the acetylcholine receptor (AChR)-rich postsynaptic membrane of Torpedo electric organ. Because of its coexistence with AChRs in the postsynaptic membrane in both electrocytes and skeletal muscle, it is thought to be involved in the formation and maintenance of AChR clusters. ... More
Laminin-induced clustering of dystroglycan on embryonic muscle cells: comparison with agrin-induced clustering.
AuthorsCohen MW, Jacobson C, Yurchenco PD, Morris GE, Carbonetto S
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID9060469
The effect of laminin on the distribution of dystroglycan (DG) and other surface proteins was examined by fluorescent staining in cultures of muscle cells derived from Xenopus embryos. Western blotting confirmed that previously characterized antibodies are reactive in Xenopus. In control cultures, alphaDG, betaDG, and laminin binding sites were distributed ... More
Mutations in the Drosophila hook gene inhibit endocytosis of the boss transmembrane ligand into multivesicular bodies.
AuthorsKrämer H, Phistry M
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID8682859
Transmembrane ligands can be internalized across cell boundaries into receptor-expressing cells. In the developing Drosophila eye imaginal disc, the bride of sevenless transmembrane protein (boss) is expressed on the surface of R8 cells. After internalization into neighboring R7 cells, the boss protein accumulates in multivesicular bodies. In a search for ... More
The C terminus of sprouty is important for modulation of cellular migration and proliferation.
AuthorsYigzaw Y, Cartin L, Pierre S, Scholich K, Patel TB
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID11279012
The Drosophila Sprouty (SPRY) protein has been shown to inhibit the actions of epidermal growth factor and fibroblast growth factor. However, the role of mammalian SPRY proteins has not been clearly elucidated. We postulated that human Sprouty2 (hSPRY2) is an inhibitor of cellular migration and proliferation. Indeed, using stably transfected ... More
Adult rat cardiomyocytes cultured in creatine-deficient medium display large mitochondria with paracrystalline inclusions, enriched for creatine kinase.
AuthorsEppenberger-Eberhardt M, Riesinger I, Messerli M, Schwarb P, Müller M, Eppenberger HM, Wallimann T
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID1849138
In adult regenerating cardiomyocytes in culture, in contrast to fetal cells, mitochondrial creatine kinase (Mi-CK) was expressed. In the same cell, two populations of mitochondria, differing in shape, in distribution within the cell and in content of Mi-CK, could be distinguished. Immunofluorescence studies using antibodies against Mi-CK revealed a characteristic ... More
Arrestin isoforms dictate differential kinetics of A2B adenosine receptor trafficking.
AuthorsMundell SJ, Matharu AL, Kelly E, Benovic JL
JournalBiochemistry
PubMed ID11041847
Adenosine mediates the activation of adenylyl cyclase via its interaction with specific A(2A) and A(2B) adenosine receptors. Previously, we demonstrated that arrestins are involved in rapid agonist-promoted desensitization of the A(2B) adenosine receptor (A(2B)AR) in HEK293 cells. In the present study, we investigate the role of arrestins in A(2B)AR trafficking. ... More
Membrane domains of intestinal epithelial cells: distribution of Na+,K+-ATPase and the membrane skeleton in adult rat intestine during fetal development and after epithelial isolation.
AuthorsAmerongen HM, Mack JA, Wilson JM, Neutra MR
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID2553743
The organization of the basolateral membrane domain of highly polarized intestinal absorptive cells was studied in adult rat intestinal mucosa, during development of polarity in fetal intestine, and in isolated epithelial sheets. Semi-thin frozen sections of these tissues were stained with a monoclonal antibody (mAb 4C4) directed against Na+,K+-ATPase, and ... More
Apical endosomes isolated from kidney collecting duct principal cells lack subunits of the proton pumping ATPase.
AuthorsSabolic I, Wuarin F, Shi LB, Verkman AS, Ausiello DA, Gluck S, Brown D
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID1388176
Endocytic vesicles that are involved in the vasopressin-stimulated recycling of water channels to and from the apical membrane of kidney collecting duct principal cells were isolated from rat renal papilla by differential and Percoll density gradient centrifugation. Fluorescence quenching measurements showed that the isolated vesicles maintained a high, HgCl2-sensitive water ... More
Distinct and different effects of the oncogenes v-myc and v-src on avian sympathetic neurons: retroviral transfer of v-myc stimulates neuronal proliferation whereas v-src transfer enhances neuronal differentiation.
AuthorsHaltmeier H, Rohrer H
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID2161856
Immature avian sympathetic neurons are able to proliferate in culture for a limited number of divisions albeit expressing several neuron-specific properties. The effect of avian retroviral transfer of oncogenes on proliferation and differentiation of sympathetic neurons was investigated. Primary cultures of 6-d-old quail sympathetic ganglia, consisting of 90% neuronal cells, ... More
Clathrin and HA2 adaptors: effects of potassium depletion, hypertonic medium, and cytosol acidification.
AuthorsHansen SH, Sandvig K, van Deurs B
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID8458873
The effects of methods known to perturb endocytosis from clathrin-coated pits on the localization of clathrin and HA2 adaptors in HEp-2 carcinoma cells have been studied by immunofluorescence and ultrastructural immunogold microscopy, using internalization of transferrin as a functional assay. Potassium depletion, as well as incubation in hypertonic medium, remove ... More
Detachment of cultured cells from the substratum induced by the neutrophil-derived oxidant NH2Cl: synergistic role of phosphotyrosine and intracellular Ca2+ concentration.
AuthorsNakamura TY, Yamamoto I, Nishitani H, Matozaki T, Suzuki T, Wakabayashi S, Shigekawa M, Goshima K
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID7593175
The neutrophil-derived, membrane-permeating oxidant, NH2Cl, (but not the non-membrane-permeating chloramine, taurine-NHCl) induced detachment of fetal mouse cardiac myocytes and other cell types (fibroblasts, epithelial cells, and endothelial cells) from the culture dish, concomitant with cell shrinkage ("peeling off"). Stimulated human neutrophils also induced peeling off of cultured mouse cardiac myocytes ... More
Vimentin filaments follow the preexisting cytokeratin network during epithelial-mesenchymal transition of cultured neonatal rat hepatocytes.
AuthorsPagan R, Martín I, Alonso A, Llobera M, Vilaró S
JournalExp Cell Res
PubMed ID8598222
Changes in cell cytoskeleton are known to play an important role in differentiation and embryogenesis and also in carcinogenesis. Previous studies indicated that neonatal hepatocytes undergo an epithelial-mesenchymal transition when cultured in a serum-free medium for several days. Here we show by Western blotting of neonatal rat liver cells cultured ... More
G-protein-coupled receptor activation induces the membrane translocation and activation of phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase I alpha by a Rac- and Rho-dependent pathway.
AuthorsChatah NE, Abrams CS
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID11431481
Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI4,5P(2)) mediates cell motility and changes in cell shape in response to extracellular stimuli. In platelets, it is synthesized from PI4P by PIP5K in response to stimulation of a G-protein-coupled receptor by an agonist, such as the thrombin. In the present study, we have addressed the pathway that ... More
cAMP-induced cytoskeleton rearrangement increases calcium transients through the enhancement of capacitative calcium entry.
AuthorsGrimaldi M, Favit A, Alkon DL
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID10559242
In this report we investigated the correlation between cell morphology and regulation of cytosolic calcium homeostasis. Type I astrocytes were differentiated to stellate process-bearing cells by a 100-min exposure to cAMP. Differentiation of cortical astrocytes increased the magnitude and duration of calcium transients elicited by phospholipase C-activating agents as measured ... More
Fibroblasts that proliferate near denervated synaptic sites in skeletal muscle synthesize the adhesive molecules tenascin(J1), N-CAM, fibronectin, and a heparan sulfate proteoglycan.
AuthorsGatchalian CL, Schachner M, Sanes JR
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID2469680
Four adhesive molecules, tenascin(J1), N-CAM, fibronectin, and a heparan sulfate proteoglycan, accumulate in interstitial spaces near synaptic sites after denervation of rat skeletal muscle (Sanes, J. R., M. Schachner, and J. Covault. 1986. J. Cell Biol. 102:420-431). We have now asked which cells synthesize these molecules, and how this synthesis ... More
Tyrosine phosphorylation and acetylcholine receptor cluster formation in cultured Xenopus muscle cells.
AuthorsBaker LP, Peng HB
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID7678011
Aggregation of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AChR) at sites of nerve-muscle contact is one of the earliest events to occur during the development of the neuromuscular junction. The stimulus presented to the muscle by nerve and the mechanisms underlying postsynaptic differentiation are not known. The purpose of this study was ... More
Role of recycling endosomes and lysosomes in dynein-dependent entry of canine parvovirus.
AuthorsSuikkanen S, Sääjärvi K, Hirsimäki J, Välilehto O, Reunanen H, Vihinen-Ranta M, Vuento M
JournalJ Virol
PubMed ID11932407
Canine parvovirus (CPV) is a nonenveloped virus with a 5-kb single-stranded DNA genome. Lysosomotropic agents and low temperature are known to prevent CPV infection, indicating that the virus enters its host cells by endocytosis and requires an acidic intracellular compartment for penetration into the cytoplasm. After escape from the endocytotic ... More
NMDA and non-NMDA receptor-mediated increase of c-fos mRNA in dentate gyrus neurons involves calcium influx via different routes.
AuthorsLerea LS, Butler LS, McNamara JO
JournalJ Neurosci
PubMed ID1322980
We examined the effects of selective agonists of ionotropic excitatory amino acid (EAA) receptor subtypes on induction of the immediate early gene c-fos. We used in situ hybridization to measure c-fos mRNA and fura-2 imaging to measure intracellular calcium (Ca2+i) in individual dentate gyrus neurons maintained in vitro. Activation of ... More
Laminin 5 deposition regulates keratinocyte polarization and persistent migration.
AuthorsFrank DE, Carter WG
JournalJ Cell Sci
PubMed ID14996912
Repair of wounded epidermis requires both keratinocyte migration and deposition of laminin 5 over exposed dermal collagen. To understand the coupling between leading cell migration and laminin 5 deposition, we developed a novel migration assay using time-lapse microscopy. We demonstrate that in migrating, human keratinocytes the deposition of laminin 5 ... More
A distinct subset of tenascin/CS-6-PG-rich astrocytes restricts neuronal growth in vitro.
AuthorsMeiners S, Powell EM, Geller HM
JournalJ Neurosci
PubMed ID8613745
Astrocytes provide an optimal surface for attachment, migration, and growth of CNS neurons. Nonetheless, not all astrocytes are alike: our previous work demonstrated a heterogeneity in the ability of cultured astrocyte monolayers to support neuronal growth. Areas displaying a fibrous, uneven surface ("rocky" astrocytes) were shown to be restrictive substrates, ... More
Guanine nucleotides modulate the effects of brefeldin A in semipermeable cells: regulation of the association of a 110-kD peripheral membrane protein with the Golgi apparatus.
The release of a 110-kD peripheral membrane protein from the Golgi apparatus is an early event in brefeldin A (BFA) action, preceding the movement of Golgi membrane into the ER. ATP depletion also causes the reversible redistribution of the 110-kD protein from Golgi membrane into the cytosol, although no Golgi ... More
Fluid shear stress activation of focal adhesion kinase. Linking to mitogen-activated protein kinases.
AuthorsLi S, Kim M, Hu YL, Jalali S, Schlaepfer DD, Hunter T, Chien S, Shyy JY
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID9374537
Shear stress, the tangential component of hemodynamic forces, activates the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) signal transduction pathways in cultured vascular endothelial cells to induce the transcriptional activation of many immediate early genes. It appears that integrins, protein-tyrosine kinases, and the structural integrity of actin are ... More
Role of polo kinase and Mid1p in determining the site of cell division in fission yeast.
AuthorsBähler J, Steever AB, Wheatley S, Wang Y, Pringle JR, Gould KL, McCollum D
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID9852154
The fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe divides symmetrically using a medial F-actin- based contractile ring to produce equal-sized daughter cells. Mutants defective in two previously described genes, mid1 and pom1, frequently divide asymmetrically. Here we present the identification of three new temperature-sensitive mutants defective in localization of the division plane. All ... More
Tumor necrosis factor and CD11/CD18 (beta 2) integrins act synergistically to lower cAMP in human neutrophils.
AuthorsNathan C, Sanchez E
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID1699953
The ability of neutrophils (PMN) to undergo a prolonged respiratory burst in response to cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) depends on expression of CD11/CD18 (beta 2) integrins and interaction with matrix protein-coated surfaces (Nathan, C., S. Srimal, C. Farber, E. Sanchez, L. Kabbash, A. Asch, J. Gailit, and ... More
Analysis of cortical flow models in vivo.
AuthorsBenink HA, Mandato CA, Bement WM
JournalMol Biol Cell
PubMed ID10930453
Cortical flow, the directed movement of cortical F-actin and cortical organelles, is a basic cellular motility process. Microtubules are thought to somehow direct cortical flow, but whether they do so by stimulating or inhibiting contraction of the cortical actin cytoskeleton is the subject of debate. Treatment of Xenopus oocytes with ... More
Functional analysis of type 1alpha cGMP-dependent protein kinase using green fluorescent fusion proteins.
AuthorsBrowning DD, Mc Shane M, Marty C, Ye RD
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID11278473
The cGMP-dependent protein kinases (PKGs) are ubiquitous effector enzymes that regulate a variety of physiological processes in response to nitric oxide and natriuretic agonists. We have constructed green fluorescent fusion proteins (GFP) using full-length (PKG-GFP) and truncations encoding either the regulatory domain of PKG1alpha (G1alphaR-GFP) or the catalytic domains of ... More