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The Toll-like receptor (TLR) family in mammal comprises a family of transmembrane proteins characterized by multiple copies of leucine rich repeats in the extracellular domain and IL-1 receptor motif in the cytoplasmic domain. Like its counterparts in Drosophila, TLRs signal through adaptor molecules (1). The TLR family is a phylogenetically conserved mediator of innate immunity that is essential for microbial recognition (2). TLR11 does not respond to known TLR ligands but instead respond specifically to uropathogenic bacteria. TLR11-deficient mice are highly susceptible to infection of the kidneys by uropathogenic bacteria, indicating that TLR11 may play a protective role in preventing infection of internal organs of the urogenital system.
仅用于科研。不用于诊断过程。未经明确授权不得转售。
Watch the video to learn how to use the Invitrogen Flow Cytometry Panel Builder to build your next flow cytometry panel in 5 easy steps.