'We determined the crystal structure of 1TM-alphaVbeta3, which represents the complete unconstrained ectodomain plus short C-terminal transmembrane stretches of the alphaV and beta3 subunits. 1TM-alphaVbeta3 is more compact and less active in solution when compared with DeltaTM-alphaVbeta3, which lacks the short C-terminal stretches. The structure reveals a bent conformation and ... More
Endocytic trafficking from the small intestinal brush border probed with FM dye.
The small intestinal brush border functions as the body's main portal for uptake of dietary nutrients and simultaneously acts as the largest permeability barrier against pathogens. To enable this, the digestive enzymes of the brush border are organized in lipid raft microdomains stabilized by cross-linking galectins and intelectin, but little ... More
A stochastic mechanism for biofilm formation by Mycoplasma pulmonis.
Bacterial biofilms are communities of bacteria that are enclosed in an extracellular matrix. Within a biofilm the bacteria are protected from antimicrobials, environmental stresses, and immune responses from the host. Biofilms are often believed to have a highly developed organization that is derived from differential regulation of the genes that ... More
Activity-induced rapid synaptic maturation mediated by presynaptic cdc42 signaling.
AuthorsShen W, Wu B, Zhang Z, Dou Y, Rao ZR, Chen YR, Duan S
JournalNeuron
PubMed ID16675395
Maturation of presynaptic transmitter secretion machinery is a critical step in synaptogenesis. Here we report that a brief train of presynaptic action potentials rapidly converts early nonfunctional contacts between cultured hippocampal neurons into functional synapses by enhancing presynaptic glutamate release. The enhanced release was confirmed by a marked increase in ... More
Helical disposition of proteins and lipopolysaccharide in the outer membrane of Escherichia coli.
AuthorsGhosh AS, Young KD
JournalJ Bacteriol
PubMed ID15743937
In bacteria, several physiological processes once thought to be the products of uniformly dispersed reactions are now known to be highly asymmetric, with some exhibiting interesting geometric localizations. In particular, the cell envelope of Escherichia coli displays a form of subcellular differentiation in which peptidoglycan and outer membrane proteins at ... More
Competition between TIAM1 and Membranes Balances Endophilin A3 Activity in Cancer Metastasis.
AuthorsPoudel KR, Roh-Johnson M, Su A, Ho T, Mathsyaraja H, Anderson S, Grady WM, Moens CB, Conacci-Sorrell M, Eisenman RN, Bai J
JournalDev Cell
PubMed ID29920278
'Normal cells acquire aggressive behavior by modifying signaling pathways. For instance, alteration of endocytosis profoundly impacts both proliferation and migration during tumorigenesis. Here we investigate the mechanisms that enable the endocytic machinery to coordinate these processes. We show that a membrane curvature-sensing protein, endophilin A3, promotes growth and migration of ... More
Effects of near infrared focused laser on the fluorescence of labelled cell membrane.
AuthorsAvila R, Tamariz E, Medina-Villalobos N, Andilla J, Marsal M, Loza-Alvarez P
JournalSci Rep
PubMed ID30518772
'Near infrared (NIR) laser light can have important reactions on live cells. For example, in a macroscopic scale, it is used therapeutically to reduce inflammation and in a single-cell scale, NIR lasers have been experimentally used to guide neuronal growth. However, little is known about how NIR lasers produce such ... More
A Rab20-Dependent Membrane Trafficking Pathway Controls M. tuberculosis Replication by Regulating Phagosome Spaciousness and Integrity.
Authors
JournalCell Host Microbe
PubMed ID28494243
Two-Step Functional Innovation of the Stem-Cell Factors WUS/WOX5 during Plant Evolution.
Authors
JournalMol Biol Evol
PubMed ID28053005
Thermus thermophilus Argonaute Functions in the Completion of DNA Replication.
Authors
JournalCell
PubMed ID32846159
The ESCRT machinery regulates the secretion and long-range activity of Hedgehog.
Authors
JournalNature
PubMed ID25471885
Resistance protein Pit interacts with the GEF OsSPK1 to activate OsRac1 and trigger rice immunity.
Authors
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID30446614
Evaluation of serum extracellular vesicles as noninvasive diagnostic markers of glioma.
Authors
JournalTheranostics
PubMed ID31410219
Arabidopsis P4 ATPase-mediated cell detoxification confers resistance to Fusarium graminearum and Verticillium dahliae.
Authors
JournalNat Commun
PubMed ID34741039
Overproduction of stomatal lineage cells in Arabidopsis mutants defective in active DNA demethylation.
Authors
JournalNat Commun
PubMed ID24898766
Morphological profiling of tubercle bacilli identifies drug pathways of action.
Authors
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID32680963
Cell entry of a host-targeting protein of oomycetes requires gp96.
Authors
JournalNat Commun
PubMed ID29904064
Cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic mechanisms promote cell-type-specific cytokinetic diversity.
AuthorsDavies T, Kim HX, Romano Spica N, Lesea-Pringle BJ, Dumont J, Shirasu-Hiza M, Canman JC
JournalElife
PubMed ID30028292
Cytokinesis, the physical division of one cell into two, is powered by constriction of an actomyosin contractile ring. It has long been assumed that all animal cells divide by a similar molecular mechanism, but growing evidence suggests that cytokinetic regulation in individual cell types has more variation than previously realized. ... More
The positioning of the asymmetric septum during sporulation in Bacillus subtilis.
AuthorsBarák I, Muchová K
JournalPLoS One
PubMed ID30092000
Probably one of the most controversial questions about the cell division of Bacillus subtilis, a rod-shaped bacterium, concerns the mechanism that ensures correct division septum placement-at mid-cell during vegetative growth but closer to one end during sporulation. In general, bacteria multiply by binary fission, in which the division septum forms ... More
Differential Expression of a Classic Cadherin Directs Tissue-Level Contractile Asymmetry during Neural Tube Closure.
AuthorsHashimoto H, Munro E
JournalDev Cell
PubMed ID31639367
Embryos control force generation at tissue boundaries, but how they do so remains poorly understood. Here we show how tissue-specific expression of the type II cadherin, Cadherin2, patterns actomyosin contractility along tissue boundaries to control zippering and neural tube closure in the basal chordate, Ciona robusta. Cadherin2 is differentially expressed ... More
Spargel/dPGC-1 is essential for oogenesis and nutrient-mediated ovarian growth in Drosophila.
AuthorsBasar MA, Williamson K, Roy SD, Finger DS, Ables ET, Duttaroy A
JournalDev Biol
PubMed ID31251895
Dietary proteins are crucial for oogenesis. The Target of Rapamycin (TOR) is a major nutrient sensor controlling organismal growth and fertility, but the downstream effectors of TOR signaling remain largely uncharacterized. We previously identified Drosophila Spargel/dPGC-1 as a terminal effector of the TOR-TSC pathway, and now report that Spargel connects ... More
A multiplexable assay for screening antibiotic lethality against drug-tolerant bacteria.
AuthorsStokes JM, Gutierrez A, Lopatkin AJ, Andrews IW, French S, Matic I, Brown ED, Collins JJ
JournalNat Methods
PubMed ID30858599
Antibiotic screens typically rely on growth inhibition to characterize compound bioactivity-an approach that cannot be used to assess the bactericidal activity of antibiotics against bacteria in drug-tolerant states. To address this limitation, we developed a multiplexed assay that uses metabolism-sensitive staining to report on the killing of antibiotic-tolerant bacteria. This ... More
Increased synapse elimination by microglia in schizophrenia patient-derived models of synaptic pruning.
AuthorsSellgren CM, Gracias J, Watmuff B, Biag JD, Thanos JM, Whittredge PB, Fu T, Worringer K, Brown HE, Wang J, Kaykas A, Karmacharya R, Goold CP, Sheridan SD, Perlis RH
JournalNat Neurosci
PubMed ID30718903
Synapse density is reduced in postmortem cortical tissue from schizophrenia patients, which is suggestive of increased synapse elimination. Using a reprogrammed in vitro model of microglia-mediated synapse engulfment, we demonstrate increased synapse elimination in patient-derived neural cultures and isolated synaptosomes. This excessive synaptic pruning reflects abnormalities in both microglia-like cells ... More