LMP-1, a LIM-domain protein, mediates BMP-6 effects on bone formation.
AuthorsBoden SD, Liu Y, Hair GA, Helms JA, Hu D, Racine M, Nanes MS, Titus L
JournalEndocrinology
PubMed ID9832452
Glucocorticoids can promote osteoblast differentiation from fetal calvarial cells and bone marrow stromal cells. We recently reported that glucocorticoid specifically induced bone morphogenetic protein-6 (BMP-6), a glycoprotein signaling molecule that is a multifunctional regulator of vertebrate development. In the present study, we used fetal rat secondary calvarial cultures to determine ... More
Glycoprotein IIb Leu214Pro mutation produces glanzmann thrombasthenia with both quantitative and qualitative abnormalities in GPIIb/IIIa.
AuthorsGrimaldi CM, Chen F, Wu C, Weiss HJ, Coller BS, French DL
JournalBlood
PubMed ID9473221
Glanzmann thrombasthenia is an inherited bleeding disorder due to a functional reduction or absence of platelet GPIIb/IIIa (alphaIIbbeta3) integrin receptors. Based on a prolonged bleeding time and absence of platelet aggregation in response to physiologic agonists, a 55-year-old white man was diagnosed as having Glanzmann thrombasthenia. The patient's platelet fibrinogen ... More
Type IV collagen is detectable in most, but not all, basement membranes of Caenorhabditis elegans and assembles on tissues that do not express it.
AuthorsGraham PL, Johnson JJ, Wang S, Sibley MH, Gupta MC, Kramer JM
JournalJ Cell Biol
PubMed ID9166416
Type IV collagen in Caenorhabditis elegans is produced by two essential genes, emb-9 and let-2, which encode alpha1- and alpha2-like chains, respectively. The distribution of EMB-9 and LET-2 chains has been characterized using chain-specific antisera. The chains colocalize, suggesting that they may function in a single heterotrimeric collagen molecule. Type ... More
Cloning and characterization of a naturally occurring antisense RNA to human thymidylate synthase mRNA.
AuthorsDolnick BJ
JournalNucleic Acids Res
PubMed ID8493092
Based upon reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction results with human KB cell RNA, a cDNA (i.e., 3'rTS1, 1557 nt) with complementarity to thymidylate synthase mRNA was cloned and sequenced. Northern blot analysis showed that 3'rTS1 corresponded to a cytoplasmic 1.8 kb RNA found in several tumor cell lines. The ... More
Distribution and cloning of eukaryotic mRNAs by means of differential display: refinements and optimization.
AuthorsLiang P, Averboukh L, Pardee AB
JournalNucleic Acids Res
PubMed ID8341601
Differential display has been developed as a tool to detect and characterize altered gene expression in eukaryotic cells. The basic principle is to systematically amplify messenger RNAs and then distribute their 3' termini on a denaturing polyacrylamide gel. Here we provide methodological details and examine in depth the specificity, sensitivity ... More
Alternative splicing of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 mRNA modulates viral protein expression, replication, and infectivity.
AuthorsPurcell DF, Martin MA
JournalJ Virol
PubMed ID8411338
Multiple RNA splicing sites exist within human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) genomic RNA, and these sites enable the synthesis of many mRNAs for each of several viral proteins. We evaluated the biological significance of the alternatively spliced mRNA species during productive HIV-1 infections of peripheral blood lymphocytes and human ... More
p110delta, a novel phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit that associates with p85 and is expressed predominantly in leukocytes.
AuthorsChantry D, Vojtek A, Kashishian A, Holtzman DA, Wood C, Gray PW, Cooper JA, Hoekstra MF
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID9235916
'We have identified a novel p110 isoform of phosphatidylinositol 3- kinase from human leukocytes that we have termed p110delta. In addition, we have independently isolated p110delta from a mouse embryo library on the basis of its ability to interact with Ha-RasV12 in the yeast two-hybrid system. This unique isoform contains ... More
A novel inhibitory receptor (ILT3) expressed on monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells involved in antigen processing.
AuthorsCella M, Dohring C, Samaridis J, Dessing M, Brockhaus M, Lanzavecchia A, Colonna M
JournalJ Exp Med
PubMed ID9151699
'Immunoglobulin-like transcript (ILT) 3 is a novel cell surface molecule of the immunoglobulin superfamily, which is selectively expressed by myeloid antigen presenting cells (APCs) such as monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. The cytoplasmic region of ILT3 contains putative immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs that suggest an inhibitory function of ILT3. Indeed, ... More
Identification and characterization of galectin-9, a novel beta- galactoside-binding mammalian lectin.
AuthorsWada J, Kanwar YS
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID9038233
'A 36-kDa beta-galactoside mammalian lectin protein, designated as galectin-9, was isolated from mouse embryonic kidney by using a degenerate primer polymerase chain reaction and cloning strategy. Its deduced amino acid sequence had the characteristic conserved sequence motif of galectins. Endogenous galectin-9, extracted from liver and thymus, as well as recombinant ... More
Elevation of cAMP is required for down-regulation, but not agonist- induced desensitization, of endogenous dopamine D1 receptors in opossum kidney cells. Studies in cells that stably express a rat cAMP phosphodiesterase (rPDE3) cDNA.
AuthorsBates MD, Olsen CL, Becker BN, Albers FJ, Middleton JP, Mulheron JG, Jin SL, Conti M, Raymond JR
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID8392059
'D1 dopamine receptors stimulate cAMP accumulation in opossum kidney (OK) cells, but this response is attenuated by pretreatment with dopamine. Dopamine pretreatment also causes a reduction in D1 dopamine receptor number. We transfected OK cells with a rat cAMP phosphodiesterase cDNA (rPDE3) in order to determine the contribution of elevations ... More
Mapping mutations in genes encoding the two large subunits of Drosophila RNA polymerase II defines domains essential for basic transcription functions and for proper expression of developmental genes.
AuthorsChen Y, Weeks J, Mortin MA, Greenleaf AL
JournalMol Cell Biol
PubMed ID8321225
'We have mapped a number of mutations at the DNA sequence level in genes encoding the largest (RpII215) and second-largest (RpII140) subunits of Drosophila melanogaster RNA polymerase II. Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis, we detected 12 mutations from 14 mutant alleles (86%) as ... More
Detection of the (11;22)(q24;q12) translocation of Ewing's sarcoma and peripheral neuroectodermal tumor by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.
AuthorsDowning JR, Head DR, Parham DM, Douglass EC, Hulshof MG, Link MP, Motroni TA, Grier HE, Curcio-Brint AM, Shapiro DN
JournalAm J Pathol
PubMed ID8238248
'Ewing''s sarcoma and the related primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) share a unique and specific t(11;22)(q24;q12) chromosomal translocation. The breakpoints have recently been cloned and shown to involve the EWS gene on chromosome 22 and the FLI-1 gene on chromosome 11. Translocation results in the fusion of these genes on the ... More
CD3 zeta/eta/theta locus is colinear with and transcribed antisense to the gene encoding the transcription factor Oct-1.
AuthorsLerner A, D'Adamio L, Diener AC, Clayton LK, Reinherz EL
JournalJ Immunol
PubMed ID8376772
'CD3 zeta and eta are signal-transducing components of the TCR and are derived from alternative splicing of transcripts from a single genetic locus that also encodes CD30 theta. We have isolated two murine cDNA clones that appear to result from antisense transcription through CD3 theta-specific exon 10 and CD3 eta-specific ... More
Mutations at the murine motheaten locus are within the hematopoietic cell protein-tyrosine phosphatase (Hcph) gene.
AuthorsShultz LD, Schweitzer PA, Rajan TV, Yi T, Ihle JN, Matthews RJ, Thomas ML, Beier DR
JournalCell
PubMed ID8324828
'Mice homozygous for the recessive allelic mutation motheaten (me) or viable motheaten (mev) on chromosome 6 develop severe defects in hematopoiesis. In this paper we present the findings that the me and mev mutations are within the hematopoietic cell protein-tyrosine phosphatase (Hcph) gene. High resolution mapping localized me to an ... More
Cloning and expression of a novel Na(+)-dependent neutral amino acid transporter structurally related to mammalian Na+/glutamate cotransporters.
AuthorsShafqat S, Tamarappoo BK, Kilberg MS, Puranam RS, McNamara JO, Guadano-Ferraz A, Fremeau RT Jr
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID8340364
'A cDNA has been isolated from human hippocampus that appears to encode a novel Na(+)-dependent, Cl(-)-independent, neutral amino acid transporter. The putative protein, designated SATT, is 529 amino acids long and exhibits significant amino acid sequence identity (39-44%) with mammalian L-glutamate transporters. Expression of SATT cDNA in HeLa cells induced ... More
Effects on protein synthesis produced by pairing depolarization with serotonin, an analogue of associative learning in Aplysia.
AuthorsNoel F, Koumenis C, Nunez-Regueiro M, Raju U, Byrne JH, Eskin A
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID8183885
'A form of associative plasticity in Aplysia, activity-dependent neuromodulation, involves the convergence of neuronal activity and the effects of a modulatory transmitter. To investigate the role of protein synthesis in associative plasticity, we examined the effects of a biochemical analogue of activity-dependent neuromodulation on the level of incorporation of labeled ... More
Semaphorin III can function as a selective chemorepellent to pattern sensory projections in the spinal cord.
AuthorsMessersmith EK, Leonardo ED, Shatz CJ, Tessier-Lavigne M, Goodman CS, Kolodkin AL
JournalNeuron
PubMed ID7748562
'Distinct classes of primary sensory neurons in dorsal root ganglia subserve different sensory modalities, terminate in different dorsoventral locations in the spinal cord, and display different neurotrophin response profiles. Large diameter muscle afferents that terminate in the ventral spinal cord are NT-3 responsive, whereas small diameter afferents subserving pain and ... More
IL-12 and IL-18 differentially regulate the transcriptional activity of the human IFN-gamma promoter in primary CD4+ T lymphocytes.
AuthorsBarbulescu K, Becker C, Schlaak JF, Schmitt E, Meyer zum Buschenfelde KH, Neurath MF
JournalJ Immunol
PubMed ID9558063
'We analyzed the molecular mechanisms by which IL-12 and IL-18 induce transcriptional activity of the IFN-gamma promoter in primary human CD4+ T cells. In transfection experiments, we found that IL-18 directly induces IFN-gamma promoter activity, whereas significant activation with IL-12 required costimulation with alphaCD3/CD28. Furthermore, IL- 12 caused in vivo ... More
A Xenopus oocyte beta subunit: evidence for a role in the assembly/expression of voltage-gated calcium channels that is separate from its role as a regulatory subunit.
AuthorsTareilus E, Roux M, Qin N, Olcese R, Zhou J, Stefani E, Birnbaumer L
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID9050842
'Two closely related beta subunit mRNAs (xo28 and xo32) were identified in Xenopus oocytes by molecular cloning. One or both appear to be expressed as active proteins, because: (i) injection of Xenopus beta antisense oligonucleotides, but not of sense or unrelated oligonucleotides, significantly reduced endogenous oocyte voltage-gated Ca2+ channel (VGCC) ... More
Opiate receptor knockout mice define mu receptor roles in endogenous nociceptive responses and morphine-induced analgesia.
AuthorsSora I, Takahashi N, Funada M, Ujike H, Revay RS, Donovan DM, Miner LL, Uhl GR
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID9037090
'Morphine produces analgesia at opiate receptors expressed in nociceptive circuits. mu, delta, and kappa opiate receptor subtypes are expressed in circuits that can modulate nociception and receive inputs from endogenous opioid neuropeptide ligands. The roles played by each receptor subtype in nociceptive processing in drug-free and morphine- treated states have ... More
Evidence that eukaryotic triosephosphate isomerase is of alpha- proteobacterial origin.
AuthorsKeeling PJ, Doolittle WF
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID9037042
'We have cloned and sequenced genes for triosephosphate isomerase (TPI) from the gamma-proteobacterium Francisella tularensis, the green non- sulfur bacterium Chloroflexus aurantiacus, and the alpha- proteobacterium Rhizobium etli and used these in phylogenetic analysis with TPI sequences from other members of the Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. These analyses show that ... More
The interleukin-1 receptor accessory protein (IL-1RAcP) is essential for IL-1-induced activation of interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK) and stress-activated protein kinases (SAP kinases).
AuthorsWesche H, Korherr C, Kracht M, Falk W, Resch K, Martin MU
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID9065432
'Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a central mediator of the immune system involved in acute and chronic inflammatory responses. Although the sequences of two types of IL-1 receptors are known, the exact molecular events resulting in signal transduction and coupling to downstream signaling elements remain unclear. The recently cloned IL-1 receptor accessory ... More
Regulation of the low molecular weight phosphotyrosine phosphatase by phosphorylation at tyrosines 131 and 132.
AuthorsTailor P, Gilman J, Williams S, Couture C, Mustelin T
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID9038134
'Activation of resting T lymphocytes is initiated by rapid but transient tyrosine phosphorylation of a number of cellular proteins. Several protein tyrosine kinases and protein tyrosine phosphatases are known to be important for this response. Here we report that normal T lymphocytes express the B isoform of low molecular weight ... More
rRNA-like sequences occur in diverse primary transcripts: implications for the control of gene expression.
AuthorsMauro VP, Edelman GM
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID9012798
'Many eukaryotic mRNAs contain sequences that resemble segments of 28S and 18S rRNAs, and these rRNA-like sequences are present in both the sense and antisense orientations. Some are similar to highly conserved regions of the rRNAs, whereas others have sequence similarities to expansion segments. In particular, four 18S rRNA-like sequences ... More
Perturbation of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell repertoires during progression to AIDS and regulation of the CD4+ repertoire during antiviral therapy [see comments]
AuthorsGorochov G, Neumann AU, Kereveur A, Parizot C, Li T, Katlama C, Karmochkine M, Raguin G, Autran B, Debre P
JournalNat Med
PubMed ID9461196
'The T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) repertoire was studied longitudinally by analyzing the varying lengths of the beta chain CDR3 hypervariable region during the course of HIV-1 infection and following combination antiretroviral therapy. Drastic restrictions in CD8+ T-cell repertoire usage were found at all stages of natural progression and persisted during ... More
The Listeria monocytogenes-secreted p60 protein is an N-end rule substrate in the cytosol of infected cells. Implications for major histocompatibility complex class I antigen processing of bacterial proteins.
AuthorsSijts AJ, Pilip I, Pamer EG
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID9235920
'Cytosolic antigen degradation is an initial step in the generation of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-associated cytolytic T lymphocyte epitopes. Intracellular Listeria monocytogenes secretes p60, a murein hydrolase, into the host cell cytosol, where it is degraded by proteasomes. Roughly 3% of degraded p60 gives rise to p60 217-225, ... More
Expression of a divergent expansin gene is fruit-specific and ripening- regulated [see comments]
AuthorsRose JKC, Lee HH, Bennett AB
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID9159182
'Expansins are proteins that induce extension in isolated plant cell walls in vitro and have been proposed to disrupt noncovalent interactions between hemicellulose and cellulose microfibrils. Because the plant primary cell wall acts as a constraint to cell enlargement, this process may be integral to plant cell expansion, and studies ... More
Rearrangement and diversity of T cell receptor beta chain genes in thymocytes: a critical role for the beta chain in development.
AuthorsMallick CA, Dudley EC, Viney JL, Owen MJ, Hayday AC
JournalCell
PubMed ID8387894
'Thymocytes from mice congenitally deficient for TCR alpha chain synthesis were examined for the status of their TCR beta chain genes, by DNA sequencing and by a novel technique that analyzes populations of gene rearrangements. TCR beta chain genes were predominantly productively rearranged, in contrast with the statistical prediction for ... More
A nod factor binding lectin with apyrase activity from legume roots.
AuthorsEtzler ME, Kalsi G, Ewing NN, Roberts NJ, Day RB, Murphy JB
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID10318974
'A lectin isolated from the roots of the legume, Dolichos biflorus, binds to Nod factors produced by rhizobial strains that nodulate this plant and has a deduced amino acid sequence with no significant homology to any lectin reported to date. This lectin also is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis ... More
A cytosolic serine endopeptidase from Trypanosoma cruzi is required for the generation of Ca2+ signaling in mammalian cells.
'An early event in the Trypanosoma cruzi cell invasion process, the recruitment of host lysosomes, led us to investigate the involvement of signal transduction. Infective trypomastigotes were found to contain a soluble Ca2+-signaling activity for mammalian cells that is sensitive to protease inhibitors. Inhibitor and substrate utilization profiles were used ... More
Reducing artifact and increasing the yield of specific DNA target fragments during PCR-RACE or anchor PCR.
AuthorsTempleton NS, Urcelay E, Safer B
JournalBiotechniques
PubMed ID8363838
'Reducing artifact and increasing the yield of specific DNA target fragments during PCR-RACE or anchor PCR (no abstract available).'
The CLAVATA1 gene encodes a putative receptor kinase that controls shoot and floral meristem size in Arabidopsis.
AuthorsClark SE, Williams RW, Meyerowitz EM
JournalCell
PubMed ID9160749
'The shoot apical meristem is responsible for above-ground organ initiation in higher plants, accomplishing continuous organogenesis by maintaining a pool of undifferentiated cells and directing descendant cells toward organ formation. Normally, proliferation and differentiation are balanced, so that the structure and size of the shoot meristem is maintained. However, Arabidopsis ... More
Wilms' tumor 1 and Dax-1 modulate the orphan nuclear receptor SF-1 in sex-specific gene expression.
AuthorsNachtigal MW, Hirokawa Y, Enyeart-VanHouten DL, Flanagan JN, Hammer GD, Ingraham HA
JournalCell
PubMed ID9590178
'Products of steroidogenic factor 1 (SF-1) and Wilms'' tumor 1 (WT1) genes are essential for mammalian gonadogenesis prior to sexual differentiation. In males, SF-1 participates in sexual development by regulating expression of the polypeptide hormone Mullerian inhibiting substance (MIS). Here, we show that WT1 -KTS isoforms associate and synergize with ... More
Analysis of CFTR transcripts in nasal epithelial cells and lymphoblasts of a cystic fibrosis patient with 621 + 1G-->T and 711 + 1G-->T mutations.
'We have analyzed the CFTR mRNA populations in a cystic fibrosis patient heterozygous for the 621 + 1G-->T and 711 + 1G-->T mutations. Total RNA isolated from the nasal epithelial cells and Epstein-Barr virus- transformed lymphoblasts derived from this patient was reversely transcribed and a region extending from exon 3 ... More
A membrane-anchored E-type endo-1,4-beta-glucanase is localized on Golgi and plasma membranes of higher plants.
AuthorsBrummell DA, Catala C, Lashbrook CC, Bennett AB
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID9114071
'Endo-1,4-beta-D-glucanases (EGases, EC 3.2.1.4) are enzymes produced in bacteria, fungi, and plants that hydrolyze polysaccharides possessing a 1,4-beta-D-glucan backbone. All previously identified plant EGases are E-type endoglucanases that possess signal sequences for endoplasmic reticulum entry and are secreted to the cell wall. Here we report the characterization of a novel ... More
T cell receptor restriction of diabetogenic autoimmune NOD T cells.
AuthorsSimone E, Daniel D, Schloot N, Gottlieb P, Babu S, Kawasaki E, Wegmann D, Eisenbarth GS
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID9122227
'Restricted use of T cell receptor (TCR) gene segments is characteristic of several induced autoimmune disease models. TCR sequences have previously been unavailable for pathogenic T cells which react with a defined autoantigen in a spontaneous autoimmune disease. The majority of T cell clones, derived from islets of NOD mice ... More
Cloning of cDNA and estrogen-induced hepatic gene expression for choriogenin H, a precursor protein of the fish egg envelope (chorion).
AuthorsMurata K, Sugiyama H, Yasumasu S, Iuchi I, Yasumasu I, Yamagami K
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID9050903
'A cDNA for choriogenin H (Chg H; formerly high-molecular weight spawning female-specific substances, or H-SF), a precursor protein of the inner layer subunits of egg envelope (chorion) of the teleost fish, Oryzias latipes, was cloned and analyzed. The clone consisted of 1913 bp and contained an open reading frame encoding ... More
Synergistic activation of the human type II 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/delta5-delta4 isomerase promoter by the transcription factor steroidogenic factor-1/adrenal 4-binding protein and phorbol ester.
AuthorsLeers-Sucheta S, Morohashi K, Mason JI, Melner MH
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID9065466
'Steroidogenic factor-1/adrenal 4-binding protein (SF-1/Ad4BP) is an orphan nuclear receptor/transcription factor known to regulate the P450 steroid hydroxylases; however, mechanisms that regulate the activity of SF-1/Ad4BP are not well defined. In addition, little is known about the mechanisms that regulate the human steroidogenic enzyme, type II 3beta- hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3beta-HSD ... More
CD30 induction of human immunodeficiency virus gene transcription is mediated by TRAF2.
AuthorsTsitsikov EN, Wright DA, Geha RS
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID9037063
'CD30 is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily expressed on activated T and B lymphocytes and natural killer cells. Ligation of CD30 was previously shown to induce NF-kappaB activation and HIV expression in chronically infected T lymphocytes. In this study, we report that two members of ... More
Collapsin: a protein in brain that induces the collapse and paralysis of neuronal growth cones.
AuthorsLuo Y, Raible D, Raper JA
JournalCell
PubMed ID8402908
'Repulsive guidance cues can steer neuronal growth cones during development and prevent mature axons from regenerating. We have identified a 100 kd glycoprotein in the chick brain that is a good candidate for a repulsive cue. Since it induces the collapse and paralysis of neuronal growth cones in vitro, we ... More
Bcl-2 heterodimerizes in vivo with a conserved homolog, Bax, that accelerates programmed cell death.
AuthorsOltvai ZN, Milliman CL, Korsmeyer SJ
JournalCell
PubMed ID8358790
'Bcl-2 protein is able to repress a number of apoptotic death programs. To investigate the mechanism of Bcl-2''s effect, we examined whether Bcl- 2 interacted with other proteins. We identified an associated 21 kd protein partner, Bax, that has extensive amino acid homology with Bcl- 2, focused within highly conserved ... More
Transcriptional regulation of the rat steroidogenic acute regulatory protein gene by steroidogenic factor 1.
AuthorsSandhoff TW, Hales DB, Hales KH, McLean MP
JournalEndocrinology
PubMed ID9832418
'Steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR) protein is synthesized in response to tropic hormones to facilitate cholesterol transport to the inner mitochondrial membrane-bound P450 side-chain cleavage enzyme (P450scc), the first enzymatic step in the steroid hormone biosynthetic pathway. Gonadotropins activate expression of their target genes via the cAMP second messenger system. We ... More
DFF, a heterodimeric protein that functions downstream of caspase-3 to trigger DNA fragmentation during apoptosis.
AuthorsLiu X, Zou H, Slaughter C, Wang X
JournalCell
PubMed ID9108473
'We have identified and purified from HeLa cytosol a protein that induces DNA fragmentation in coincubated nuclei after it is activated by caspase-3. This protein, designated DNA Fragmentation Factor (DFF), is a heterodimer of 40 kDa and 45 kDa subunits. The amino acid sequence of the 45 kDa subunit, determined ... More
The sidekick gene, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, is required for pattern formation in the Drosophila eye.
AuthorsNguyen DN, Liu Y, Litsky ML, Reinke R
JournalDevelopment
PubMed ID9310325
'In the Drosophila eye imaginal disc the photoreceptor cells (R cells) differentiate according to a precise spatial and temporal order. The sidekick (sdk) gene is necessary to prevent extra R cells from differentiating during eye disc development. The extra cell appears between R3 and R4 early in R cell clusters ... More
Expression of Sonic hedgehog gene in regenerating newt limb blastemas recapitulates that in developing limb buds.
AuthorsImokawa Y, Yoshizato K
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID9256452
'This study aimed at characterizing the Sonic hedgehog (shh) gene in newt limbs, which encodes a signaling molecule of the zone of polarizing activity (ZPA) responsible for determining the anterior- posterior axis of the embryonic chicken and mouse limbs. The reverse transcription-PCR showed that adult newt regenerating limbs express shh ... More
Transcripts for functionally distinct isoforms of chicken GATA-5 are differentially expressed from alternative first exons.
'Our analysis of cDNA and genomic clones unexpectedly revealed that the chicken gata-5 gene is differentially expressed from alternative first exons. Moreover, we show that the respective transcripts are differentially processed to yield mRNAs for two distinct isoforms of GATA-5. The major isoform, which we described previously, has two CXNCX17CNXC ... More
Primary structure and tissue distribution of two novel proline-rich gamma-carboxyglutamic acid proteins.
AuthorsKulman JD, Harris JE, Haldeman BA, Davie EW
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID9256434
'Two human cDNAs that encode novel vitamin K-dependent proteins have been cloned and sequenced. The predicted amino acid sequences suggest that both are single-pass transmembrane proteins with amino-terminal gamma-carboxyglutamic acid-containing domains preceded by the typical propeptide sequences required for posttranslational gamma-carboxylation of glutamic acid residues. The polypeptides, with deduced molecular ... More
Residual cytotoxicity and granzyme K expression in granzyme A-deficient cytotoxic lymphocytes.
AuthorsShresta S, Goda P, Wesselschmidt R, Ley TJ
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID9242702
'Cytotoxic lymphocytes contain granules that have the ability to induce apoptosis in susceptible target cells. The granule contents include perforin, a pore-forming molecule, and several granzymes, including A and B, which are the most abundant serine proteases in these granules. Granzyme B-deficient cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) have a severe defect ... More
Cloning and characterization of two Toll/Interleukin-1 receptor-like genes TIL3 and TIL4: evidence for a multi-gene receptor family in humans.
AuthorsChaudhary PM, Ferguson C, Nguyen V, Nguyen O, Massa HF, Eby M, Jasmin A, Trask BJ, Hood L, Nelson PS
JournalBlood
PubMed ID9596645
'Remarkable structural and functional similarities exist between the Drosophila Toll/Cactus/Dorsal signaling pathway and the mammalian cytokine-mediated interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R)/I-kappaB/NF-kappaB activation cascade. In addition to a role regulating dorsal-ventral polarity in the developing Drosophila embryo, signaling through Drosophila Toll (dToll) activates the nonclonal, or innate, immune response in the adult fly. ... More
Monkey growth hormone (GH) receptor gene expression. Evidence for two mechanisms for the generation of the GH binding protein.
AuthorsMartini JF, Pezet A, Guezennec CY, Edery M, Postel-Vinay MC, Kelly PA
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID9228076
'The growth hormone receptor (GHR) cDNA was cloned from the liver of Rhesus macaque using polymerase chain reaction. As deduced from the nucleotide sequence, the mature GHR is a protein of 620 amino acids which presents 94.1% identity with the human receptor. The monkey GHR (mkGHR) expressed in 293 cells ... More
Cloning of human erythroid dematin reveals another member of the villin family.
'Dematin is an actin-bundling protein originally identified in the human erythroid membrane skeleton. Its actin-bundling activity is abolished upon phosphorylation by the cAMP-dependent protein kinase and is restored after dephosphorylation. Here we report the complete primary structure of human erythroid dematin, whose sequence includes a homologue of the headpiece sequence ... More
Coordinate regulation of complex T cell populations responding to bacterial infection.
AuthorsBusch DH, Pilip IM, Vijh S, Pamer EG
JournalImmunity
PubMed ID9529152
'Bacterial infections activate complex T cell populations that differ in size and antigen specificity. We used tetramerized MHC class I molecules complexed with Listeria monocytogenes-derived epitopes to characterize four distinct CD8+ T lymphocyte populations during bacterial infection. Surprisingly, T cell populations differing in antigen specificity expand, contract, and enter the ... More
Mucosal IFN-gamma gene transfer inhibits pulmonary allergic responses in mice.
AuthorsLi XM, Chopra RK, Chou TY, Schofield BH, Wills-Karp M, Huang SK
JournalJ Immunol
PubMed ID8871613
Th2 cytokines are associated with the airway inflammation and hyperreactivity in allergic asthma and are potential targets for developing novel therapies. The efficacy of a mucosal cytokine-gene transfer approach was examined in a mouse model for allergic asthma. We showed first that mucosal IFN-gamma gene transfer results in a significant ... More
A novel suppressor of cell death in plants encoded by the Lls1 gene of maize.
AuthorsGray J, Close PS, Briggs SP, Johal GS
JournalCell
PubMed ID9094711
The Lls1 (lethal leaf spot1) locus of maize is defined by a recessive mutation characterized by the initiation, in a developmentally programmed manner, of necrotic lesions that expand to kill leaves cell autonomously. The loss-of-function nature of all Lls1 mutants implies that the Lls1 gene is required to limit the ... More
TECK: a novel CC chemokine specifically expressed by thymic dendritic cells and potentially involved in T cell development.
A novel CC chemokine was identified in the thymus of mouse and human and was designated TECK (thymus-expressed chemokine). TECK has weak homology to other CC chemokines and maps to mouse chromosome 8. Besides the thymus, mRNA encoding TECK was detected at substantial levels in the small intestine and at ... More
TRAP is necessary for gliding motility and infectivity of plasmodium sporozoites.
AuthorsSultan AA, Thathy V, Frevert U, Robson KJ, Crisanti A, Nussenzweig V, Nussenzweig RS, Menard R
JournalCell
PubMed ID9267031
Many protozoans of the phylum Apicomplexa are invasive parasites that exhibit a substrate-dependent gliding motility. Plasmodium (malaria) sporozoites, the stage of the parasite that invades the salivary glands of the mosquito vector and the liver of the vertebrate host, express a surface protein called thrombospondin-related anonymous protein (TRAP) that has ... More
Turning of retinal growth cones in a netrin-1 gradient mediated by the netrin receptor DCC.
Authorsde la Torre JR, Hopker VH, Ming GL, Poo MM, Tessier-Lavigne M, Hemmati-Brivanlou A, Holt CE
JournalNeuron
PubMed ID9427245
Netrin-1 promotes outgrowth of axons in vitro through the receptor Deleted in Colorectal Cancer (DCC) and elicits turning of axons within embryonic explants when presented as a point source. It is not known whether netrin-1 alone can elicit turning nor whether DCC mediates the turning response. We show that Xenopus ... More
Two period homologs: circadian expression and photic regulation in the suprachiasmatic nuclei.
We have characterized a mammalian homolog of the Drosophila period gene and designated it Per2. The PER2 protein shows >40% amino acid identity to the protein of another mammalian per homolog (designated Per1) that was recently cloned and characterized. Both PER1 and PER2 proteins share several regions of homology with ... More
A homozygous insertion-deletion in the type VII collagen gene (COL7A1) in Hallopeau-Siemens dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa.
AuthorsHilal L, Rochat A, Duquesnoy P, Blanchet-Bardon C, Wechsler J, Martin N, Christiano AM, Barrandon Y, Uitto J, Goossens M, et al
JournalNat Genet
PubMed ID8275094
The Hallopeau-Siemens type of recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (HS-RDEB) is a life-threatening autosomal disease characterized by loss of dermal-epidermal adherence with abnormal anchoring fibrils (AF). We recently linked HS-RDEB to the type VII collagen gene (COL7A1) which encodes the major component of AF. We describe a patient who is homozygous ... More
A second Ewing's sarcoma translocation, t(21;22), fuses the EWS gene to another ETS-family transcription factor, ERG.
The t(11;22)(q24;q12), present in 85% of Ewing's sarcoma and related tumours, fuses the EWS gene from chromosome 22q12 and the ETS family member, FLI-1. This results in the expression of a chimaeric protein containing the amino-terminal portion of EWS fused to the ETS DNA- binding domain of FLI-1. We have ... More
A novel lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein, DC-LAMP, induced upon DC maturation, is transiently expressed in MHC class II compartment.
We have identified a novel lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein localized on chromosome 3q26.3-q27, DC-LAMP, which is homologous to CD68. DC-LAMP mRNA is present only in lymphoid organs and DC. A specific MAb detects the protein exclusively in interdigitating dendritic cells. Expression of DC-LAMP increases progressively during in vitro DC differentiation, but ... More
Apaf1 is required for mitochondrial pathways of apoptosis and brain development.
AuthorsYoshida H, Kong YY, Yoshida R, Elia AJ, Hakem A, Hakem R, Penninger JM, Mak TW
JournalCell
PubMed ID9753321
Apoptosis is essential for the precise regulation of cellular homeostasis and development. The role in vivo of Apaf1, a mammalian homolog of C. elegans CED-4, was investigated in gene-targeted Apaf1-/- mice. Apaf1-deficient mice exhibited reduced apoptosis in the brain and striking craniofacial abnormalities with hyperproliferation of neuronal cells. Apaf1-deficient cells ... More
Distribution of Ca2+-activated K+ channel isoforms along the tonotopic gradient of the chicken's cochlea.
AuthorsRosenblatt KP, Sun ZP, Heller S, Hudspeth AJ
JournalNeuron
PubMed ID9390519
In some cochleae, the number and kinetic properties of Ca2+-activated K+ (KCa) channels partly determine the characteristic frequency of each hair cell and thus help establish a tonotopic map. In the chicken's basilar papilla, we found numerous isoforms of KCa channels generated by alternative mRNA splicing at seven sites in ... More
A new dexamethasone-induced gene of the leucine zipper family protects T lymphocytes from TCR/CD3-activated cell death.
AuthorsD'Adamio F, Zollo O, Moraca R, Ayroldi E, Bruscoli S, Bartoli A, Cannarile L, Migliorati G, Riccardi C
JournalImmunity
PubMed ID9430225
By comparing mRNA species expressed in dexamethasone (DEX)-treated and untreated murine thymocytes, we have identified a gene, glucocorticoid- induced leucine zipper (GILZ), encoding a new member of the leucine zipper family. GILZ was found expressed in normal lymphocytes from thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes, whereas low or no expression was ... More
Kainate receptor subunits expressed in single cultured hippocampal neurons: molecular and functional variants by RNA editing.
To determine the kainate receptor subunits that are found in native kainate receptors, we have applied a multiplex PCR of cDNAs reverse transcribed from mRNA harvested from single cultured hippocampal neurons after electrophysiological recording. We found that all the cells showing rapidly desensitizing currents in response to kainate express the ... More
Three-step PCR mutagenesis for 'linker scanning'.
AuthorsLi XM, Shapiro LJ
JournalNucleic Acids Res
PubMed ID8367290
'Linker scanning' has been used as an efficient method for systematically surveying a segment of DNA for functional elements by mutagenesis. A three-step PCR method was developed to simplify this process. In this method, a set of 'mutation primers' was made with 6 to 8 base substitutions in the center ... More
A complex element regulates IFN-gamma-stimulated monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 gene transcription.
Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is induced in chronic osseous inflammation, and is temporally and spatially correlated with monocyte recruitment. We investigated the mechanism of MCP-1 regulation in a human osteoblastic cell line in response to IFN-gamma, a potent mediator of the immune inflammatory response. Nuclear run-on and stability studies demonstrated ... More
Cytoplasmic dynein intermediate-chain isoforms with different targeting properties created by tissue-specific alternative splicing.
The intermediate chains (ICs) are the subunits of the cytoplasmic dynein that provide binding of the complex to cargo organelles through interaction of their N termini with dynactin. We present evidence that in Drosophila, the IC subunits are represented by at least 10 structural isoforms, created by the alternative splicing ... More
Differential transcriptional regulation of CD161 and a novel gene, 197/15a, by IL-2, IL-15, and IL-12 in NK and T cells.
AuthorsAzzoni L, Zatsepina O, Abebe B, Bennett IM, Kanakaraj P, Perussia B
JournalJ Immunol
PubMed ID9759869
Cytokine-mediated enhancement of spontaneous cytotoxicity depends, at least in part, on modulation of the expression of surface molecules responsible for recognition of target cell structures and triggering or inhibition of the cytotoxic machinery. We previously demonstrated that expression of transcription factors (e.g., Egr-1, JunB, and c-Fos) is differentially regulated by ... More
Molecular defects of the RHCE gene in Rh-deficient individuals of the amorph type.
The deficiency of Rh proteins on the red blood cells from individuals of the Rhnull amorph type may be the result of homozygosity for a silent allele at the RH locus. This phenotype is also associated with the lack or reduced expression of glycoproteins (Rh50, CD47, LW, and glycophorin B), ... More
A large deletion within the protein 4.1 gene associated with a stable truncated mRNA and an unaltered tissue-specific alternative splicing.
AuthorsVenezia ND, Maillet P, Morle L, Roda L, Delaunay J, Baklouti F
JournalBlood
PubMed ID9596685
Protein 4.1 is a major protein of the red blood cell skeleton. It binds to the membrane through its 30-kD N-terminal domain and to the spectrin- actin lattice through its 10-kD domain. We describe here the molecular basis of a heterozygous hereditary elliptocytosis (HE) associated with protein 4.1 partial deficiency. ... More
X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is a peroxisomal disorder with impaired beta-oxidation of very long chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) and reduced function of peroxisomal very long chain fatty acyl-CoA synthetase (VLCS) that leads to severe and progressive neurological disability. The X-ALD gene, identified by positional cloning, encodes a peroxisomal membrane protein (adrenoleukodystrophy ... More
Purification and characterization of a CENP-B homologue protein that binds to the centromeric K-type repeat DNA of Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
AuthorsLee JK, Huberman JA, Hurwitz J
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID9237993
We have purified and characterized a novel 60-kDa protein that binds to centromeric K-type repeat DNA from Schizosaccharomyces pombe. This protein was initially purified by its ability to bind to the autonomously replicating sequence 3002 DNA. Cloning of the gene encoding this protein revealed that it possesses significant homology to ... More
Vascular endothelial growth factor expression in early stage ovarian carcinoma.
AuthorsPaley PJ, Staskus KA, Gebhard K, Mohanraj D, Twiggs LB, Carson LF, Ramakrishnan S
JournalCancer
PubMed ID9210714
BACKGROUND: Tumor angiogenesis is essential for solid tumor growth. Yet, the importance of any particular factor in neoplastic proliferation is poorly defined. This study examines the clinical significance of increased expression of one of the angiogenic factors, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), in early stage ovarian carcinoma. METHODS: Tumor specimens ... More
Cloning and functional expression of a novel glucuronyltransferase involved in the biosynthesis of the carbohydrate epitope HNK-1.
AuthorsTerayama K, Oka S, Seiki T, Miki Y, Nakamura A, Kozutsumi Y, Takio K, Kawasaki T
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID9177175
The HNK-1 carbohydrate epitope is characteristically expressed on a series of cell adhesion molecules and also on some glycolipids in the nervous system over a wide range of species from insect to mammal. The HNK-1 epitope is involved in cell-cell and/or cell-substrate interaction and recognition during the development of the ... More
Familial erythrocytosis associated with a short deletion in the erythropoietin receptor gene.
AuthorsArcasoy MO, Degar BA, Harris KW, Forget BG
JournalBlood
PubMed ID9192789
Familial erythrocytosis (familial polycythemia) inherited as an autosomal dominant trait has recently been reported to be associated with mutations in the gene encoding the erythropoietin receptor (EpoR) in a small number of families. We studied a new kindred with dominantly inherited familial erythrocytosis associated with heterozygosity for a deletion of ... More
Ancient origin of the complement lectin pathway revealed by molecular cloning of mannan binding protein-associated serine protease from a urochordate, the Japanese ascidian, Halocynthia roretzi.
AuthorsJi X, Azumi K, Sasaki M, Nonaka M
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID9177219
Recent identification of a C3-like gene in sea urchins revealed the presence of a complement system in invertebrates. To elucidate further the components and function of the pre-vertebrate complement system, we attempted to isolate an ascidian (urochordata) C3 convertase. After identification of C3 cDNA from Halocynthia roretzi, a Japanese ascidian, ... More
The laminin alpha chains: expression, developmental transitions, and chromosomal locations of alpha1-5, identification of heterotrimeric laminins 8-11, and cloning of a novel alpha3 isoform.
Laminin trimers composed of alpha, beta, and gamma chains are major components of basal laminae (BLs) throughout the body. To date, three alpha chains (alpha1-3) have been shown to assemble into at least seven heterotrimers (called laminins 1-7). Genes encoding two additional alpha chains (alpha4 and alpha5) have been cloned, ... More
Cloning of a trypanosomatid gene coding for an ornithine decarboxylase that is metabolically unstable even though it lacks the C-terminal degradation domain.
AuthorsSvensson F, Ceriani C, Wallstrom EL, Kockum I, Algranati ID, Heby O, Persson L
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID9012793
Mammalian ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) is among the most labile of cellular proteins, with a half-life of usually less than an hour. Like other short-lived proteins ODC is degraded by the 26S proteasome. Its degradation is not triggered by ubiquitination, but is stimulated by the binding of an inducible protein, antizyme. ... More
A novel seizure-induced synaptotagmin gene identified by differential display.
AuthorsBabity JM, Armstrong JN, Plumier JC, Currie RW, Robertson HA
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID9122248
Systemic administration of kainic acid, a cyclic analogue of glutamate, produces many of the clinical features of human temporal lobe epilepsy and status epilepticus in rats, including the induction of motor convulsions and the degeneration of neurons in the hippocampus and piriform cortex. Differential display PCR was used to identify ... More
BNaC1 and BNaC2 constitute a new family of human neuronal sodium channels related to degenerins and epithelial sodium channels.
The recently defined DEG/ENaC superfamily of sodium channels includes subunits of the amiloride-sensitive epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) of vertebrate colon, lung, kidney, and tongue, a molluscan FMRFamide-gated channel (FaNaC), and the nematode degenerins, which are suspected mechanosensory channels. We have identified two new members of this superfamily (BNaC1 and BNaC2) ... More
IL-12-induced activation of NK and T cells occurs in the absence of immediate-early activation gene expression.
AuthorsAzzoni L, Kanakaraj P, Zatsepina O, Perussia B
JournalJ Immunol
PubMed ID8871617
The responses of lymphocytes to IL-2 and IL-12, involving proliferation, differentiation, and cytokine production, are only partially overlapping, and may depend on induced differential expression of specific sets of genes. Using reverse-transcription PCR differential display, we isolated an mRNA species expressed in IL-2- but not IL-12-stimulated NK cells. This was ... More
A novel chimeric Ig heavy chain from a teleost fish shares similarities to IgD.
AuthorsWilson M, Bengten E, Miller NW, Clem LW, Du Pasquier L, Warr GW
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID9114035
IgD is considered to be a recently evolved Ig, being previously found only in primates and rodents. Here we describe, from a teleost fish (the channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus), a novel complex chimeric Ig heavy chain, homologous, in part, to the heavy chain (delta) of IgD. In addition to alternative ... More
Identification of an alternative form of human lactoferrin mRNA that is expressed differentially in normal tissues and tumor-derived cell lines.
AuthorsSiebert PD, Huang BC
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID9122171
Lactoferrin (LF), traditionally known as an iron-binding protein present in high concentrations in milk and various secretions, has emerged as a multifunctional protein involved in many aspects of the host defense against infection. Recently, LF has been shown to inhibit the growth of solid tumors and reduce experimental metastasis in ... More
Dominant-negative cyclin-selective ubiquitin carrier protein E2- C/UbcH10 blocks cells in metaphase.
AuthorsTownsley FM, Aristarkhov A, Beck S, Hershko A, Ruderman JV
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID9122200
Destruction of mitotic cyclins by ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis is required for cells to complete mitosis and enter interphase of the next cell cycle. In clam eggs, this process is catalyzed by a cyclin- selective ubiquitin carrier protein, E2-C, and the cyclosome/anaphase promoting complex (APC), a 20S particle containing cyclin-selective ubiquitin ligase ... More
Mutations in mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase genes segregate with late-onset Alzheimer disease.
AuthorsDavis RE, Miller S, Herrnstadt C, Ghosh SS, Fahy E, Shinobu LA, Galasko D, Thal LJ, Beal MF, Howell N, Parker WD Jr
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID9114023
Mounting evidence suggests that defects in energy metabolism contribute to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease (AD). Cytochrome c oxidase (CO) is kinetically abnormal, and its activity is decreased in brain and peripheral tissue in late-onset AD. CO is encoded by both the mitochondrial and the nuclear genomes. Its catalytic centers, ... More
Identification of components of a phosphoinositide signaling pathway in retinal rod outer segments.
Phototransduction in retinal rods involves a G protein-coupled signaling cascade that leads to cGMP hydrolysis and the closure of cGMP- gated cation channels that are open in darkness, producing a membrane hyperpolarization as the light response. For many years there have also been reports of the presence of a phosphoinositide ... More
Interaction of the GTP-binding and GTPase-activating domains of ARD1 involves the effector region of the ADP-ribosylation factor domain.
AuthorsVitale N, Moss J, Vaughan M
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID9020091
ADP-ribosylation factors (ARFs) are a family of approximately 20-kDa guanine nucleotide-binding proteins and members of the Ras superfamily, originally identified and purified by their ability to enhance the ADP- ribosyltransferase activity of cholera toxin and more recently recognized as critical participants in vesicular trafficking pathways and phospholipase D activation. ARD1 ... More
Human transcription-repair coupling factor CSB/ERCC6 is a DNA- stimulated ATPase but is not a helicase and does not disrupt the ternary transcription complex of stalled RNA polymerase II.
AuthorsSelby CP, Sancar A
JournalJ Biol Chem
PubMed ID8999876
Transcription is coupled to repair in Escherichia coli and in humans. Proteins encoded by the mfd gene in E. coli and by the ERCC6/CSB gene in humans, both of which possess the so-called helicase motifs, are required for the coupling reaction. It has been shown that the Mfd protein is ... More
The quinone reductase gene: a unique estrogen receptor-regulated gene that is activated by antiestrogens.
AuthorsMontano MM, Katzenellenbogen BS
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID9122238
Antiestrogens are thought to exert most of their beneficial effects in breast cancer by antagonizing the actions of estrogen. We report here that antiestrogens also stimulate the expression of quinone reductase (QR) [NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase, EC 1.6.99.2], which may provide protective effects against the toxicity and mutagenicity caused by quinones. QR ... More
A genetic system to identify DNA polymerase beta mutator mutants.
AuthorsWashington SL, Yoon MS, Chagovetz AM, Li SX, Clairmont CA, Preston BD, Eckert KA, Sweasy JB
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID9037051
DNA polymerase beta (pol beta) is a 39-kDa protein that functions in DNA repair processes in mammalian cells. As a first step toward understanding mechanisms of polymerase fidelity, we developed a genetic method to identify mammalian pol beta mutator mutants. This screen takes advantage of a microbial genetics assay and ... More
Functional expression of a novel human neurokinin-3 receptor homolog that binds [3H]senktide and [125I-MePhe7]neurokinin B, and is responsive to tachykinin peptide agonists.
AuthorsKrause JE, Staveteig PT, Mentzer JN, Schmidt SK, Tucker JB, Brodbeck RM, Bu JY, Karpitskiy VV
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID8990205
In 1992, Xie et al. identified a cDNA sequence in the expression cloning search for the kappa opioid receptor. When the cDNA was expressed in Cos-7 cells, binding of opioid compounds was observed to be of low affinity and without kappa, mu, or delta selectivity [Xie, G.- X., Miyajima, A. ... More
Memory B lymphocytes migrate to bone marrow in humans.
AuthorsParamithiotis E, Cooper MD
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID8990187
IgM-bearing B lymphocytes with mature phenotype (CD10- CD24(lo) IgD+) are acquired after birth in the bone marrow of humans. These B cells are defined here as relatively large, nondividing lymphocytes, variable proportions of which express cell surface molecules indicative of relatively recent activation. Analysis of V(H)5(2) (heavy chain variable region) ... More
Naturally processed cytokine-derived peptide bound to HLA-class II molecules.
AuthorsHarris PE, Maffei A, Liu Z, Colovai I, Reed EF, Inghirami G, Suciu-Foca N
JournalJ Immunol
PubMed ID8245442
Sequence analysis of HLA-class II (HLA-DR beta 1-1502 and 1104)-bound self-peptides from a transformed B cell line was performed. The sequences of naturally processed self-peptides bound to HLA-DR2 and DR5 were compared with protein and nucleic acid data bases for homology to known precursor proteins. Of the matches to known ... More
Characterization and expression of recombination activating genes (RAG- 1 and RAG-2) in Xenopus laevis.
AuthorsGreenhalgh P, Olesen CE, Steiner LA
JournalJ Immunol
PubMed ID8376769
The primary repertoire of B and T cells is established by V(D)J recombination. Two closely linked genes, RAG-1 and RAG-2, are essential for this process, and have been identified in mice, humans, and chickens. To study lymphocyte development in Xenopus laevis, we have characterized RAG-1 and RAG-2 in this species ... More
Protein tyrosine phosphatases expressed in the developing rat brain.
AuthorsSahin M, Hockfield S
JournalJ Neurosci
PubMed ID8229209
Previous studies of the developing nervous system have shown that cell- cell and cell-matrix interactions are involved in a variety of processes such as the proliferation, migration, and differentiation of neurons. While many cell-surface molecules have been identified, the signal transduction mechanisms through which they modify cellular responses are poorly ... More
Specification of pore properties by the carboxyl terminus of inwardly rectifying K+ channels.
AuthorsTaglialatela M, Wible BA, Caporaso R, Brown AM
JournalScience
PubMed ID8171340
Inwardly rectifying potassium (K+) channels (IRKs) maintain the resting membrane potential of cells and permit prolonged depolarization, such as during the cardiac action potential. Inward rectification may result from block of the ion conduction pore by intracellular magnesium (Mgi2+). Two members of this family, IRK1 and ROMK1, which share 40 ... More
Identification of an isoform of the estrogen receptor messenger RNA lacking exon four and present in the brain.
AuthorsSkipper JK, Young LJ, Bergeron JM, Tetzlaff MT, Osborn CT, Crews D
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID8346231
An isoform of the estrogen receptor messenger RNA (ER-mRNA) was identified in RNA from the brain of lizards and rats. Poly(A)+ RNA from brain and uteri was reverse transcribed using gene-specific primer for the ER. The resulting complementary DNA was amplified in a polymerase chain reaction followed by cloning and ... More
Evolutionary conservation of possible functional domains of the human and murine XIST genes.
AuthorsHendrich BD, Brown CJ, Willard HF
JournalHum Mol Genet
PubMed ID8353487
The human XIST gene, a candidate for a role in X chromosome inactivation, has recently been cloned and sequenced, yielding a 17 kb cDNA with no apparent significant, conserved open reading frame. In addition, the XIST transcript has been localized within the nucleus to the Barr body by RNA in ... More
An alternatively spliced form of HLA-G mRNA in human trophoblasts and evidence for the presence of HLA-G transcript in adult lymphocytes.
AuthorsKirszenbaum M, Moreau P, Gluckman E, Dausset J, Carosella E
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID8183892
The HLA-G monomorphic, nonclassical class I gene encodes the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecule, which is the only MHC antigen expressed on cytotrophoblast cells of placenta. In this work, we have investigated expression of the HLA-G gene in fetal tissues and adult peripheral blood cells by using a sensitive hot-start ... More