The well-coordinated linkage between acidogenicity and aciduricity via insoluble glucans on the surface of Streptococcus mutans.
AuthorsGuo L, McLean JS, Lux R, He X, Shi W,
Journal
PubMed ID26657939
Streptococcus mutans is considered the principal cariogenic bacterium for dental caries. Despite the recognition of their importance for cariogenesis, the possible coordination among S. mutans' main virulence factors, including glucan production, acidogenicity and aciduricity, has been less well studied. In the present study, using S. mutans strains with surface-displayed pH-sensitive ... More
Preclinical evaluation of a GFRA1 targeted antibody-drug conjugate in breast cancer.
AuthorsBosco EE, Christie RJ, Carrasco R, Sabol D, Zha J, DaCosta K, Brown L, Kennedy M, Meekin J, Phipps S, Ayriss J, Du Q, Bezabeh B, Chowdhury P, Breen S, Chen C, Reed M, Hinrichs M, Zhong H, Xiao Z, Dixit R, Herbst R, Tice DA,
JournalOncotarget
PubMed ID29796165
'Despite recent advances in treatment, breast cancer remains the second-most common cause of cancer death among American women. A greater understanding of the molecular characteristics of breast tumors could ultimately lead to improved tumor-targeted treatment options, particularly for subsets of breast cancer patients with unmet needs. Using an unbiased genomics ... More
AuthorsVerheyen A, Diels A, Reumers J, Van Hoorde K, Van den Wyngaert I, van Outryve d'Ydewalle C, De Bondt A, Kuijlaars J, De Muynck L, De Hoogt R, Bretteville A, Jaensch S, Buist A, Cabrera-Socorro A, Wray S, Ebneth A, Roevens P, Royaux I, Peeters PJ
JournalStem Cell Reports
PubMed ID30057263
'Tauopathies such as frontotemporal dementia (FTD) remain incurable to date, partially due to the lack of translational in vitro disease models. The MAPT gene, encoding the microtubule-associated protein tau, has been shown to play an important role in FTD pathogenesis. Therefore, we used zinc finger nucleases to introduce two MAPT mutations ... More
Dietary obesity reversibly induces synaptic stripping by microglia and impairs hippocampal plasticity.
AuthorsHao S, Dey A, Yu X, Stranahan AM,
JournalBrain Behav Immun
PubMed ID26336035
'Obesity increases risk of age-related cognitive decline and is accompanied by peripheral inflammation. Studies in rodent models of obesity have demonstrated that impaired hippocampal function correlates with microglial activation, but the possibility that neuron/microglia interactions might be perturbed in obesity has never been directly examined. The goal of this study ... More
Identification of phagocytosis regulators using magnetic genome-wide CRISPR screens.
AuthorsHaney MS, Bohlen CJ, Morgens DW, Ousey JA, Barkal AA, Tsui CK, Ego BK, Levin R, Kamber RA, Collins H, Tucker A, Li A, Vorselen D, Labitigan L, Crane E, Boyle E, Jiang L, Chan J, Rincón E, Greenleaf WJ, Li B, Snyder MP, Weissman IL, Theriot JA, Collins SR, Barres BA, Bassik MC,
JournalNat Genet
PubMed ID30397336
Phagocytosis is required for a broad range of physiological functions, from pathogen defense to tissue homeostasis, but the mechanisms required for phagocytosis of diverse substrates remain incompletely understood. Here, we developed a rapid magnet-based phenotypic screening strategy, and performed eight genome-wide CRISPR screens in human cells to identify genes regulating ... More
Enhancement of immunomodulative effect of lactic acid bacteria on plasmacytoid dendritic cells with sucrose palmitate.
AuthorsKanayama M, Kato Y, Tsuji T, Konoeda Y, Hashimoto A, Kanauchi O, Fujii T, Fujiwara D,
JournalSci Rep
PubMed ID29453437
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) play a key role in the immune response against viruses. In addition, recent research has suggested that pDCs possess direct and indirect tumoricidal activities. We previously found that a lactic acid bacteria strain, Lactococcus lactis JCM 5805 (LC-Plasma), stimulated pDCs and prevented viral infection in mouse ... More
CD47 Protects Synapses from Excess Microglia-Mediated Pruning during Development.
Microglia regulate synaptic circuit remodeling and phagocytose synaptic material in the healthy brain; however, the mechanisms directing microglia to engulf specific synapses and avoid others remain unknown. Here, we demonstrate that an innate immune signaling pathway protects synapses from inappropriate removal. The expression patterns of CD47 and its receptor, SIRPa, ... More
Cell-based Assay to Study Antibody-mediated Tau Clearance by Microglia.
AuthorsDe Marco D, Taggenbrock R, Crespo R, Koudstaal W, Ramsburg E, Apetri A,
JournalJ Vis Exp
PubMed ID30474638
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative condition in which aggregated tau and amyloid proteins accumulate in the brain causing neuronal dysfunction which eventually leads to cognitive decline. Hyperphosphorylated tau aggregates in the neuron are believed to cause most of the pathology associated with AD. These aggregates are assumed to ... More
G-protein-coupled formyl peptide receptors play a dual role in neutrophil chemotaxis and bacterial phagocytosis.
AuthorsWen X, Xu X, Sun W, Chen K, Pan M, Wang JM, Bolland SM, Jin T
JournalMol Biol Cell
PubMed ID30540534
A dogma of innate immunity is that neutrophils use G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) for chemoattractant to chase bacteria through chemotaxis and then use phagocytic receptors coupled with tyrosine kinases to destroy opsonized bacteria via phagocytosis. Our current work showed that G-protein-coupled formyl peptide receptors (FPRs) directly mediate neutrophil phagocytosis. Mouse neutrophils ... More